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Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


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27  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(7;6)  872-4503 


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CBHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microraproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  da  rnicroraproductions  historiquas 


Technical  and  Biblicyraphic  Notes/Note^  techniques  et  biblicgraphiques 


The  institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


^ 


n 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommagde 


Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  restaur^e  et/ou  pelliculde 


I      I    Cover  title  missing/ 


Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


I      I    Coloured  maps/ 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  dt6  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  methods  normals  de  filmage 
sont  indiqu^s  ci-dessous. 


□ 


^ 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 

Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 


I      I    Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 


Pages  restaur6es  et/ou  pellicul^es 

Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  ddcolor^es,  tachetdes  ou  piqu^es 


Cartes  geographiques  en  couleur 


□    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  d6tach6es 


D 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Er.cre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Showthrouqh/ 


Transparence 


□    Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 


□    Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  indgale  de  ('impression 


D 


Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relid  avec  d'autres  documents 


D 


Includes  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  matdriel  supplementaire 


□ 


D 


D 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serr6e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  cu  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intdrieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  d'une  restauratton  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  dtait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  filmdes. 

Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppldmentaires; 


n 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  filmd  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqud  ci-dessous. 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  whoMy  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6X6  filmdes  A  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


I 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

Z 

12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


ils 

iu 

Jifier 

ine 

age 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
tc  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduptication  Service 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  In  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  intprcsslor. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  -^^  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 


L'exemplaire  V]m6  fut  reproduit  grAce  A  la 
gt&ndrositA  de: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  M  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tanu  de  la  condition  et 
da  la  netteti  de  l'exemplaire  film6.  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
fllmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couvertjre  en 
papier  est  imprimAe  sont  filmds  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration.  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  caa.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  filmds  en  commen^ant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  termmant  par 
la  darnidre  page  qui  comporte  une  teile 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparattra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE  ",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN". 


Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
filmds  ik  des  taux  de  reduction  diffdrents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichd,  il  est  1\\m6  d  partir 
de  Tangle  supdrieur  gauche,  de  gauche  it  droite, 
et  da  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n6cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thode. 


errata 
to 


I  pelure, 
on  d 


n 


32X 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

awp^si 


^: 


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•Qvummn^w 


2  ueabd's  directory  of  marouette  county 


MARQUETTE 


;l 


1    i 


Office  with  James    Picdnds  tj-    Co.  and  E. 
B.  Gay,  Gqn'l  Freight  Agent, 


DEALERS    IN  ALL  KINDS  OF 


HAlB^BOFf  COAL 


ft  -~— 

Anthracite  Egg  Coal, 

Anthracite  Steve  Coal, 

Anthracite  Chestnut  Coal. 

Briar  Hill  Coal, 

Oak  Hill  Coal, 

^  ■^'     d                    Blosshurg  Coal. 

■•#^- 


';'f''ti-'::"  "■■^';?f^'^*'M';'-'-'  ■•^^^■^^  -■^-r^isv 


:-  <im*r-h!>^l^^iltMlimtS!i:^-:'^A^>»-iAy^.t 


-.^.M-f- 


rY. 


d  E. 


)AL. 


ut  Coal. 


»al. 


.#'swi'.«s.w&a!Si 


jBR^ifiS'i         i„- 


BKAKU'h    DIRKOTOUy   OF    .>r|l»QUKTrK    COl'HTY. 


F.  B.  SPEAR  &  CO.. 

CONSrONKES  FOR 

Buffalo,  Cleveland,  Detroit,  Chicago  and  Lake 
Superior  Lines. 


DKALER  IN 


SAiT.  ilME.  BflICK  ETC, 

HABD  AND  80JFT  COAL, 

MARQUETTE,  L.  S.,  MICHI&AN. 


RICHMOND  STOEE  CO, 


DEALERS  I$r 


% 


CROCKERY,  &C., 

Palmer,  Marquette  Co.,  Mich. 

F.  B.  SPEAR  &  GO., 


2IABQVETTE,  mCHISAN. 


W-> 


iimm^^iimM 


tfilWiiln     IT    ■  «.         .      if1[      ^ llHrgfi^M 


-4«iibfcLi'«;jLj; 


r 


t 


m 


"Hit 


>! 


.sm 


A*«  «  'WWPSffUftl'" 


•<*• 


^**^.*T^' ^^- 


!v?fei     ! 


i  BKARD'h   DlRECTORlT  OP   MAHQTTETTE   COUNTY. 


o 


o 


,!   t, 


;   .-1- 


,  M. 


^      HP 


rr''"S    /i 


NEW  STOHR 


BONNETS,  HATS,  SUNDOWNS, 

Ladies'  Furnishing  Goods, 


Ribbons,   -^  ,j 

Laees, 
Flowers, 
Featbers, 
Omanents, 
Silks, 
Velvets, 
Crapes, 
Veilo, 
Ties, 
Buchings, 
Collars, 
Cuffs, 
Parasols; 

Eid  and  Thread  Sieves, 
Handkercliiefs, 
Belts,       f&:, 
Undersl8#w, 
Satins, 
Fans, 


Aprons, 
Hosiery, 
Corsets, 
Hoop  SUrtf, 
Bu&tles, 
Combs, 
Bracelets, 

Corset  Skirt  Supporters 
Pins, 

Jewelry, 
-^     Chains, 

Brushes, 
Buttons, 
Threads, 

sa!" 

Twists, 
Fringes, 
Simps, 
Edgings, 
Buttons, 


Human  Hair, 
7am, 
Zephyrs, 
Canvas, 
Patterns, 
Initials, 
Curls, 

Frizses  and  Braids, 
Switches. 

Cloaks, 
Shawls, 
Scarfs, 
Wraps, 

Talanas  and  Capes, 
Nubias, 
Skirts, 
Jackets, 
tie,  && 


|3ile9',  |l(OireB$'  ui  |a{aiits'  |adBfV9u. 


Prints, 
Cottons, 


Cleakings, 
Dress  Gkods  and  Suitings, 


Cloths, 
Flannels, 


liAtfles'  and  OldlKreas'  Para, 

Notions,  Trimmings,  '  Linings,  lie,  ft. 

Any  everything  else  in  Ladies'  Ooods. 

CorBer  Store,  Eyerett's  Bloct,    MARQUETTE,  L.  S.  MICH. 


'    ..— wA^^-^^fcA-Jt^J 


lfA«f^^-m\r^-!tsss!^&tstm:ssssifiWr''^^^  .^,s^-; 


BEARD'S 


^f- 


Directory  /  History 


MARQUETTE  COUNTY, 


WITb'  8KKT0HI8  or  TH« 


.*■'. 


-■-fj 


Early  History  of  Lake  Superior, 


^ ' 

fz^ 
'''*•« 


%^ 


fSf.,  ^ 


MINES,   FURNACES,   Etc.,  Etc. 


DETROIT  : 

Hadger  Sc  BHYct,  Stkam  Book  and  Joi  PttiNTEaa, 

•873. 


ft 


^ite/f  III  ir.«a-iU, 


j^ 


,    -a 


■--  Mia*— '"— ■ 


"wiiBimiw 


^sr./x' 


.M33B3 


6  BEAKU's    DIHECTORY   OF    MABQ^BTrE   COUNTY. 


LAKE  SUPERIOR 


mlilt 


ALFRED  QUEEN,  MANAQEB. 

MANUFACTURERS.    WHOLKSALE  AND  RETAIL  DEALERS  IN 

Flooring,  Sidlrag,  Sasli,  B^ors,  BMiiiis, 


Lath,  Uouldings,  Lumber,  etc.,  etc. 

NATIONAL  BANK  BVILIDHNO. 
FACTORY  AND  YARD, 


ALFRED-GREEN, 

ARCHITECT. 


AND 


0f  ^iilUiniis, 


NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING, 

KABQTTETTE,  ICCHIQAN. 


■imaa^^_^^^^ 


ifMMiiiliMMtilJK^'  MUmln^wvK*-      --^^iX^] 


^il7^\ 


fsix. 

.M33B3 


OUNTY. 


OR 

DKAl-KRS  IN 

's,  Blinds, 

U 
Ac,  etc. 

■yiNG. 
r. 

;en, 
I'. 


\mmp, 

MNG, 

TE,  MICEISAK. 


PREFACE. 


'4^  nR^  presenting  thi«  the  first  Directory  of  Marquette  county  to  the 
^J^^  public  the  compilor  has  neotmarily  enciuntered  many  difBculties 
alwayn  to  t>e  found  in  a  new  country. 

It  wa8  the  intention  to  piiblighihe  names  of  every  male  adult  in  the 
county,  and  a  canvawi  wan  taken  with  that  object  in  Tiew  but  it  wu  found 
highly  impracticable.  The  population,  e.  pecially  amongHt  the  laboren*,  ia 
a  floating  one,  and  John  Smith  at  work  in  one  mine  to-day,  may  be  Tom 
Jonet*  nt  work  in  another  mine  to-morrow.  Consequently  the  mtmcB  of 
thoHe  living  in  the  principal  townfl  have  been  published  wiiich  we  think 
will  meet  the  wan'H  of  s!l  interested  in  a  Directory  at  presenl.  The  com- 
piler defiircH  to  return  thankH  here  for  courtesies  and  aiwiHtance  rendered  by 
the  cit'zens  of  Marquette  County  ,  where  these  favors  have  been  so  univer- 
sal it  is  impossible  to  particularize  individuals. 

We  are  also  especially  indebted  to  Flon.  C.  I.  Walker,  of  Detroit,  for  a 
very  interesting  and  ably  written  article  on  the  "  Pearly  History  of  Lake 
Superior,"  and  to  the  "  Mining  Journal  Co.''  for  copious  extracts  from  their 
"  History  of  Lake  Superior  Iron  District."  It  was  deenred  important  to 
republish  some  part  of  the  history  of  the  mines,  etc.,  inaBmuch  as  the  work 
in  to  find  its  way  into  the  public  libraries  of  Europe  and  America,  the 
.  boards  of  trade  of  the  principal  cities  of  the  Union  and  in  other  localities 
where  a  truthful  account  of  Marquette  county  ami  ^mineral  resources 
may  be  of  interest  and  profit  to  ciitside  readers. 

In  conclusion  the  publishers  l>e;r  the  forbearance  of  the  public  for 
errors  ./hich  will  unavoidably  cr-sep  into  every  work,  to  which  none  are 
more  liable  than  a  directory.  We  have  taken  much  pains  and  troubl^pto 
present  a  first  class  "  Directory  and  History  of  Marquette  county,"  and 
hope  that  it  will  meet  the  expectation  and  approbation  of  our  patrons,  as 
this  will  be  the  only  profits  accruing  t> 

Yours,  truly,  THE  PUBLISHERS.  ' 


#r.&»itirai(iiri'.ij 


13^ 


P^^ 


■ff.Vnrt^-HTT-  ---.?» 


8  HKAIin'H    DIUWnOUV   of   MAUgUKITK   COUNTY. 


WX.  MiLHOlT. 


PAY  3.  WYCZOIT. 


MAHON&WYCKOFF, 


Matiu/ncturers  o/  and  "Dfalers  in 


FURNITURE, 

UPHOLSTERY, 


i         >.r 


»'      ii 


AND 


msE  mmmiuG  goods. 

OrPICE  PUBNITURE  A  SPEOIALri. 

Masonic  BilMing,  Front  Street, 


Marquette,  Mwh. 


.^_i».-:JK&r*<^::. .. 


^i-,  *ft.fv 


■-/".'..  W^.'  ^■'"    -  ~- fi  ■f-'Jg'B'^'-''*'-"?^-^"'"-  '"'f'-'rfy'''^ 


^.y-..   Igg 


)ITNTY. 


Tnrczorr. 


INDEX  TO  ADVERTISERS. 


COFF. 


GOODS. 


LTL 


]  Street^ 


Airiihlett,  John  W.  A  Co.,  Stoneware 

An   cr»on,Chii.i.  A..  Hqjare  Dealing  Olotblnc  Store- 

liiiiik,   l-'iriit  Netionnl.  Mnrqfuette.  - 

lt»nk.  FitHt  NHtional,  Neicaunee. 


78 
.19 

ion 


llrtiik,  H«yilonii,Ne«aun«e--- -- '    .>j  in 

Itiiiik,  (/'iliien'n    MKniuette. ?. 

Bemllo,  Ooo.  \V.  A  8on,  Merchant  Tailori y::-\---       "' 

BenrJ.  W.  L.  *0o..  IliUihIng  PoiU InKKle  buk  .■"ver. 


itanoroft  Iron  (Jo 

Brimkii,  r.  B..  C  E..  Iron  Expert - 

Burt  Freestone  Co  —  — --•    ---   ••• 

rhumiiion  Iron  Co 

Child,  H.  Fv  Photographer • 

City   Livery  Stable      ■- ;.-v,— 

Clark.  Thou.  F-,  Aift.  Singer  Sewing  Maoblne 

Clovelnnd  Iron  Mining  Co 

Cleveland,  L.  •)■•  Eureka  Ointment 

Congdon,  I).,  Merchant  Tailor    

Conklin.  (!■  N.,  Jewelry 


IfVt 
119 

119 
91 

Irt 

:w 

lit) 

96 
l.M 

va 

__ 52 

Crary,  I,-  V-  A  Co.,  Jiifi  A  Book  Printer*-  - j* 

I)eiyar«in«,  L'r.  J.  A ,7, 

l)(ier  Lake  Iron  and  Lumber  Co ';?' 

Karl  C.  M.  W..  Boot*  A  Shoes — r' 

Karl.  II.  t;.  A  C<i,,<}roceriei  and  Provitioni ^ 

Knriglt  A  .>(>eneer.  Harneri- - vj 

Fxcelsior   Livery  Stable. ^ 

(lay,  H.  A  L.  A  Co.,  Architect*-- -. 

Oreen,  Allred,  A-ohileot  and  Builder 

Huron  Bay  .Slntoand  Iron  Co 

Iron  Bay   Foundry - 

Jackson,  H.  M.  Milliiieiy.  etc 

.Iiicobson,  Julius  Dry  Oeods, Clothing,  etc 

Kuhlninn  A  Hotop,  (Irocern — „  .^n 

Lake  Superior  Powder  Co 19ft 

LakeSnperior  Iron  Co "rj 

Lake  View  House                     "" 


64 

6 

27 

H 

4.48 

112 

SB 


Maebts,  A.   (Jrocer. 


44 


.Mahon  A  Wykoff,  Furniture —    **•  ."if 

Marquette  Hmwii  Stone  Co - f' 

.Maniuotte  Iron  Co '5 

Maniuetto  Coal  Co - -  ,f 

Moad,  T.  Variety  Store  and  News  Depot " 

McCombor  Iron  Co • {y; 

Morgan  Iron  Co -.- - - ''^ 

Mining  Journal —        - ™ 

Nyidhart,  B.  Hardware f» 

NeolyA  Edly.  Hardware -^ '"j 

New  Y-rk  Irovi  Co -'- -•• 'f* 

Fendiil  A  Boatty,  General  Store *» ♦" 

Preston,  K.  A.   Millinery VT","". ."' 

Picands,  Ja«.  A  Co-—  - t""''*  "•<>»•  '^over. 

Picands,  Van  Cleve  A  Co —  ' 

Republic  Iron   Co -a:"-: iw 

Hopes  J.  A  tJo.,  Druggists  A  Chemists l;;j 

Kichinond  Store  Co - ;.'J 

.Scoville  A  Jtihnson,  Hardware »A  '7 

Ht«fford,  II.  H.  Druggist , •    19 

Superior  Foundry •';;■•■-.-.-"; : «? 

Toy,  Biokford  A  Co.,  Safety  Fuse,  »,'.  H.  Call,  Agent »j 

Union  Store  Co..  General  Store — - 1^5 

WaUon.  J.  W.  A  Son,  general  Variety   Store- « 

Ward  A  Webb.  Pianos  and  Musical  Merchandise ii 

Ward.  Jno  E.  A  Co..  Explorers  and  Land  Agent* g 

Washington  Iron  Co- - - — 9b 

Wetmore  A  Bro.,  Dry  Goods ,»» 

Wetmore,  F.  A  Co.,  Crockery - }^ 

West.Hayden  *  Co..  iMiner'i.  Store -~^": ,„ 

White,  Peter,  Foreign  Passage  Tickets  end  Bxcbaage- 10 

White,  Peter,  Insurance  Agent- — 79 

Wright.  Chas.  K.,  Iron  Expert ,- »' 


• 


ifrmfi  ■MJtijrttt.iaB&aifeiajai^fe- 


.a.ttiw»iiiK«air)iManiVT «,,#it^.^^.»  i||>>i  ■  ^ii>>ai«« 


..^^i  1 1 ,  iJntiiiioyiiBiliitrii 


J 


iEV 


JO  BKAnD'H   WUECTORY   OF   MARQUETrH   COUNTY. 


PETER  WHITE. 


AOKNT' 


Allan  Line,  Cunard  Line,  Inman  Line, 


t-<=^sr.ijLs==^-j 


>  Jl 


Mil 


rii^FBOM^S:^^ 


ii'-    t 


NORWAY,   DENMARK,   8WEDEN,   GERMANY,   EN- 
GLAND, IRELAND,  SCOTLAND,  WALES, 
TO  MARQUETTE,  MICH. 


Xw®  W^lMmm  ^Mmmw^w 


Than  any  other  agent  of  the  above  lines,  or  any  otner 
lines,  in  Marquette  County.    Also  sells 


DRAFTS  ON  ALL  FOREIGN  COUNTRIES 


At  the  Loiveat  Rates,  at  the 


f Ifgl  laifteaail  ©fluife  o!  Maii?qitt@ie, 


«l^;iiif^i%:^:»^ei^^ji^^ 


. ..'.  " ' . .  t  ■f»^A,^:»>jt^|tS»;WM( 


Directory    of  Marquette —  ^'^* 

"  of   Negaunee •"" 

•'  of    iHhpeming —  ^33 

"  of   Michigammp '^" 

of  Cherry  Craek - 162 

'Harvey 1^3 

"  of  Humbolt--- -• 183 

of  Champion- l^^ 

ot  Clarksburg.— -- - 1^4 

"  of  Oreenwoo'l —  — 1"* 

Early  HiRtory  of  Lake  Superior — 165 

A  sketch  of  some  of  the  Mines  and  Furnaces  of  Lake  Superior 201 

Appendix  -  **! 

-«»- ''' 

ERRATA. 


-'    £ 


'i"?" 


-Jt 


^ 


S3;«sw 


HHN 


[iinilliiirinmifl»i(i 


m  i-;;i|y 


.-p-^ 


12         beakd's  dikectory  of  mapquette  county. 


SCOVILLE  &  JOHNSON 


DEALERS  IX 


HAHDWA 


E VERETTS  BLOCK. 


l?^.', 


Pocket  and  Table  Cutlerj, 
Shelf  and  Builaers'  E<»"^.ware, 
ITails,  Qlass  and  Bope, 
Shovels,  Picks,  Mattocks,  Spades. 
Sees,  Bakes  and  Forks, 
Scythes,  Snathes  &nd  Stones, 


Carpenters,   Blacksmiths   and  Ma- 
chinist's Tools, 
dans,  Bevoh'ers, 
Powder  and  Shot, 
Fishing  Tackle  of  all  Descriptions, 
Wagon  and  Cwriage  Woodwork. 


CHILSOFS  BRICK  AND  PORTABLE  FDRMCES, 

Cau  give  numerous  referertee  as  to  their  superiority. 

CAIB'S  HAIB  MIIIKG  PUMPS. 

These  Pumpa  are  extensively  used  throughout  the  iron  mines,  and  wbe^-e 
steana  cannot  be  used  are  admirably  adapted  to  the  purpose. 

Maiiivfactui'srs  of  all  Kinds  of 

Tin,  Copper  and  Sheet  Iron  Work. 


*      FLUHBINQ,  aAS  AND  STEAM  HTTINS, 
In  all  it3  Brandies. 

Chandeliers  and  Plumbing  Material,  Lead, 
Gas  Pipe  and  Fittings. 

WOOD  AND  C0ALHE4TING  AND  COOKING 


STOVES- 


'.(■.iiirf.in 


iii.-.ia^>^»^iajir^^ii»«rjg»^T.. 


l8t  W&rd. 
Jan.  Atfield, 
Tho8.  E.  Cook. 


U.  S,  COHNTT  AND  IDIICtPAL  OFFICERS. 


Collector  of  the  Port- 
Register  of  U.  8.  Land  Office- 


HIRAM  A.  BURT. 
AMBRaSE  C.  CAMPBELL. 


Coiinfy  Officers. 

Circuit  Judge—Hon.  JAMES  O'GRADY. 

Sheriff- JACOB  IKJLF            -                        -  Marquette. 

County  Clerk— FRANCIS  M.  MOORE,         -  -      Marquette. 

Register  of  Deeds— FRANCIS  M.  MOORE,     -  -     Maniuette. 

TreaBurer— JOHN  P.  OUTHWAITE,         -         -  Ishi-e.ning. 

Judge  of  Probate— ED.  S.  HARDY,         -       -  -    Marquette. 

Prosecuting  Auoney— JAMES  E.  DALLIBA,  -     Marquette. 

Circuit  Court  Com.— JOHN  Q.  ADAMS,    -    -  -    Nsgaunee. 

City  Officers  of  Marffuette. 

SAMUEL  P.  ELY,  Mayor.  J.  H.  PRIMEAU,  Recorder. 

F.  M.  MOORE,  Treasurer. 


City  Attorney- 


AliDEBMEN. 

2d  Ward  3d  Ward. 

B.  Neidhart,  Ed.  Eraser, 

A.  R.  Harlow.  Dan'l  Brittell. 

-John  L.  Cochran.  Marshall — T.  B.  Rundeli. 

Street  Ccinmisgioner — M.  McConnell.  ' 


Marquette  Lodgm  101  F.  ^  A.  M. 

OFFICERS, 

F.  M.  Moore,  W.  M.  Jno.  Coan.  J.  D. 

8.  W.  Bailev,  S.  W.  A.  P.  Burroughs,  Treasurer. 

J.  J.  Die«?,  J-  W.  D.  8.  Sooville,  Secretary. 

E.  B.  Gay,  8.  D.  •  Peter  Hume,  Tyler. 

Regular  Communication,  Ist  Tuesday  of  each  laonth. 

Marquette  Chapter,  JVb.  4^,  R.  A.  M. 


H.  M.  Maynard,  IL  P. 

James  E.  Dalliba.  K. 

H.  R.  Mather,  S. 

F.  M.  Johnson,  C.  H. 

F.  M.  Moore,  P.  8. 

L.  M,  Spencer,  R.  A.  C. 

Regular  Convocation,  first  Friday  each  month. 


E.  B.  Gay,  Ist  V. 
J.  J.  Drew,  2d  V. 
L.  W.  Bailey,  3d  V^ 
M.  R.  Maiihard,  T'eas. 
D.  S.  Scoville,  Sec-y. 


Lake  Superior  Commandery  Jio.  30,  K.  T. 


James  Dalliba,  E.  Q. 
H.  R.  Mather,  G. 
Wm.  H.  Kaighin,  C.G. 
M.  H.  Ma/nard,  P. 
F.  M,  Moore,  8.  W. 
J.  J.  Drew,  J.  W. 
E.  B.  Gay,  Treas. 

Stated  conclave  3d  Monday  each  month 


D.  8.  Scoville,  Rec. 
H.  H.  Stafford,  Std.  Br. 
Alfred  Oreen,  Sword  Br. 
A.  P.  BurrouKhit,  Ist  6. 
M.  R.  Manhard,  2d  G. 
C.  E.  Van  Cleve.  3d  G. 


■wijii.'. 


J 


BSSSSBi^V 


»m4  HJpiiUlWIiH!  J II 


14         deabd'h  uibectory  of  mabquette  county. 


HIRAM  A.  BURT 


#:<^©. 


lilMI 


DEALER. 


li«ili%ii^t  ^mmw 


TJpon  nearly  ©yery  Street,  and  in  every  part  of  the 


CITY  OF   MARQUETTE,-: 


■^ 


-ALSO,- 


.¥• 


mn  ^Mmmm  pit i 

-■I 

AND  MANUFACTURING  SITES 


For  Salr  upon  the  most  Liheral  Terms  to  Purchasers 
fomj'mprovenient. 

Office  Phoenix  Block,  Main  Street, 


mm!iit^i>^*iiSsisa^k!0mJii$mk9!^'>i¥mfm 


■'% 


■miiiiimipi 


'•7!ifl 


»i  (a 


IG  BKABP'S   DIKECTOBY   OF    MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


0/  a//  Pomi^«  of  Interest  on  the  .Yorth  and 
South  Shores  of  Lake  Superior. 


Chromos,  Engravings, 


FRAMES,   Etc. 


IN  HREAT  VARIETY  AT 


MARQUETTE,  MICH. 


The  most  Elegant  and  complete   Establi.sh- 
ment  of  the  kind  in  the  J^orthwest. 


OEDEBS  BY  HAIL  PROMPTLY  ATTENDED  TO. 


BEARD'S  DIRECTORY 


OF 


MARQUETTE. 


A 

ABEL,  Ransom,  clerk,  bdu.  Bluff  near  Third. 
Adams,  Sidney,  contractor,  over  Stafford's  drug  store,  res. 
Wash.,  near  Third. 
Adams  James,  teamster,  res.  Bluff  near  Third. 
Adams,  Chas.  P.,  agent  Grace  Furnace. 
Anderson,  Jas.  A.,  road  master,  M.  H.  &  O.  R.  R. 
Anderson,  Andrew,  foundryman,  res.  cor  Fort  and  Wash. 
Aiiderson,  John,  laborer,  Wash,  west  of  Seventh. 
Anderson,  Geo.  carpenter,  Wash.  bet.  Fourth  and  Fifth, 
Anderson,  Charles,  laborer,  Wash,  and  Fifth. 
Anderson,  Charles,  blacksmith.  Bluff  near  Fifth. 
Anderson,  Peter  blacksmith,  Bluff  near  Fifth. 
Anderson,  Joseph,  laborer,  Wash,  near  Third. 
Anderson,  Charles  J.  Superior  near  Front. 
Anderson,  John  W.  clerk,  bds.  Tremont. 
Anderson,  John,  clerk,  bde.  Rock  near  Third. 
Anderson,  Elmer,  tinner,  Lake  near  Spring. 
Andrews,  J.  E.  clerk,  with  Pendill  &  Beatty. 
Andrews,  Donald,  Arch  east  of  Front. 
Anson,  James,  mason,  Ridge  near  Front. 
Anthony,  James,  watchman,  cor.  Sixth  and  Bluff*. 
Anthony,  James,  jr.  machinist,  cor  Sixth  and  Bluff. 


-A 


18         beabd'h  uibkjuoby  of  mabquettk  county. 


«.! 


Anthony,  Thomaa,  moulder,  cor.  Sixth  and  Bluff. 
Anthony,  Robert,  machinist,  Fourth  near  Bluff. 
Archibald,  Jitichael,  saloon.  Wash.  bet.  Fourth  and  Fiftli. 
Archaml)auli,  Charles,  weigher,  Superior  near  Fifth. 
Archambanlt,  W.  clerk.  Bluff  near  Third. 
Arms,  W.  B.  ins.agt..  Bluff  near  Fourth. 
Armstrong.  Mrs.  B.  Wash.  bet.  Fourth  and  Fifth. 
Armstrong,  Bernard,  laborer,  Superior  near  Third. 
Arobie,  James,  laborer,  Superior  near  Sixth. 
Asch,  Paul,  t^lothing,  bds.  Cole's  House. 
Ash,  Jacob,  clerk,  with  Peudill  and  Beatty. 
AKhmead,  Seely,  bds.  National  Hotel. 
Atfield,  Patrick,  laborer,  Bluff  near  Fourth. 
Atfield  James,  Superior  near  Fourth. 
Atfield,  Michael,  laborer.  Spring  near  R-  R 
Augustin,  Geo.  carpenter.  Ridge  near  Seventh. 
Avery,  Charles  H.  clerk,  with  H.  H.  Stafford. 
Am.  Ex.  Co..  W.  S.  Dalliba,  agent. 


B 


BABCOCK,  Silas,  brakeman.  Fifth  near  Wash. 
Backentaw,  J.  carpenter.  Ridge  and  Fourth. 
Bailey,  Fred'k,  bookkeeper,  cor.  High  and  Mich. 
Bailey,  Samuel,  A.  bookkeeper,  cor  High  and  Mich. 
Bailey,  Samuel,  carpenter,  cor  Pligh  and  Mich. 
Baker,  A.  harness  maker,  Wtsh.  street. 
Baker,  John  A.  bds.  National  Hotel. 
Baker,  John,  switchman.  Bluff  near  Fourth. 
Balander,  Isaac,  laborer,  Spruce  near  R.  R. 
Baldue,  Joseph,  blacksmith,  Fourth  near  Superior. 
Ball,  Daniel  H.  attorney,  office  over  Stafford's  drug  store,  res 

Bridge  at.  near  Pine. 
Ball,  William  carpenter,  cor  Front  and  Mich. 
Balloy,  Maurice,  laborer.  Third  near  Fisher. 
Ballard,  John,  engineer,  Superior  opp.  Jaih 
Baly,  John,  brakeman,  Fourth  and  Wash, 


-^>miitSi&0ii^m 


^wiiiaMiripiyir»W^<>Wf'»«»*Wilt 


beard's  viMSxrroM  of  xarqukttb  county.         19 


H.  H.  STAFFORD, 


WlioUsale  mA  B«tAi^  Battler  in 


DRUGS,  MEDICINES, 


"'W 


Wmtw  CI^Mftf 


BOOKS,    STATIONERY, 


Lake  Superior  Views. 


FBESCBIFTIONS   CAREFULLY   PREPARED 
DAY  AND  NIGHT. 


Main  Street^  near  Superior. 


-    ■'5:^ 


.1  ]!■  Hl'imii I  II Ill ' I  >li ■<i*iM««M>|p|(*M» 


.1. ■■|iiiiililliWiW)pW(|| 


k"  m 


20  BBARD's   DIRKCTOBY   op   MARQUETTB  flOUKTY. 


H.  O.  BA.BLS. 


JKO.  T.  MoOBSaOB. 


H.  C.  EARLE  &  CO. 


DBALZB8 IN 


GBOCERIES, 


rcfil 


PROVISIONS, 


Crockery,  Glassware, 


&G..  AiC. 


Cole's  Block,  Front  Street, 


MARQUETTE,    -     -   MICH. 


*'-/w*ii*vJ'  i  4^W.4*if.-i 


.3v^u,Hi«riw^'H*6»rt^^-*'vf^-^a^.  iMJ^^ji4^»*^.if<>^wW;»^#i^^^^ 


MICH. 


BBARD'h  DIMEOTORY   Of  MAHQUBTTE   COUNTY. 


21 


Bancroft  Iron  Co.,  B.  C.  Morse,  secretary. 

Banerick,  Williaiu,  laborer.  Arch  near  Front 

Bannerman,  John,   liquors  and  tobacco.  Main   iiear   Front,  res. 

Arch,  eaat  of  Front. 
Banks,  J.  Stewart,  Cole's  House 
Barbo,  Fred,  conductor,  Superior  near  Fifth. 
Barbeaux,  A.  laborer.  Rock  near  Front. 
Barkey,  Charles,  laborer,  bds.  Central  Hotel. 
Barklinn,  William,  laborer,  Superior  near  Third. 
Barlow,  Arthur,  laborer,  Superior  nenr  Front. 

Barnes, ,  clerk  at  court  house. 

Barney,  Samuel,  engineer,  Third  and  Genesee. 

Barton,  Edward,  laborer,  Hampton  near  Third. 

Barnes,  John,  car;>ent«r,  Hampton  near  R.  mill, 

Barnes,  Milton,  titeam  shovel,  Superior  near  Fifth. 

Barnhard,  F.  H.  quarryman,  Wash,  near  Third. 

Barry,  James,  laborer,  Superior  near  Third, 

Barry,  John,  brakeman,  Superior  near  Third. 

Barry,  John,  carpenter,  Hampton  near  Third. 

Barry,  Cyrille,  carpenter,  Hampton  near  R.  mill. 

Barrett,  A.  T.  clerk,  Spruce  street. 

Bartholomew,  Jas,  laborer,  Mich.  House. 

Baxpndale,  Thomas,  machinist.  Rock  near  Third. 

Bashaw,  Nelson,  carpenter.  Wash  near  Sixth. 

Bashaw,  Oliver,  brakeman,  Wash,  near  Sixth. 

Bassu,  August,  proprietor  National  House. 

Bastian,  E.  boarding  house,  Rock  near  Front. 

Beanstin,  P.  C.  clerk,  Ridge  near  Third. 

Beardsley,  W.  J.  asst.  P.  M.,  Tremont  House. 

Beatty,  A.  C.  asst.  bookkeeper,  with  Pendill  &  Beatty. 

Beatty,  J.  S.  res.  Front  near  Arch. 

Beck,  Thomas,  blacksmith.  Fourth  near  Mich. 

Beck,  Edwin,  machinist.  Bluff  near  Fifth. 

Bedeaux,  J.  laborer,  Superior  near  Fifth. 

Beecher,  Geo.  L.,  foreman  on  dock  at  Carp.  Furnace,  cor.  High 

and  Arch. 
Belan,  M.  teamster,  Rock  near  Third. 


-?l    f 


iy.  6i.irt»"am'iW#»9!!^ 


sfc&sri- 


St-.AS* 


J 


22 


beard's  DiRBurroBY  or  mabquette  counts. 


Beleron,  JameH,  laborer,  Mich,  near  Fifth. 

Bell,  Joseph,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Bell,  George,  laborer,  Travellers  Home. 

Belmont,  Moses  J.  wi(it)w.  Wash,  near  Seventh. 

Belanger,  George,  brakeman,  Fourth  and  Wash. 

Bending,  F.  wines  and  liquors,  ros.  Ridge  near  Front. 

Bending,  George,  clerk,  bds.  Summit  House. 

Benedict,  Gerrge  W.  bookkeeper,  Wash  near  Front. 

Bennett,  Peter,  prinUr,  Mining  Journal. 

Bennett,  William  H.  laborer.  Wash,  near  Third 

Benson,  W.  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Benpre,  Anton,  laborer,  Rock  near  Fifth. 

Berdie  &  Heyn,  liquors  and  cigars.  Front  near  Spring. 

Bernier.  William,  clerk,  with  Peudill  &  Beatty. 

Bey,  George,  painter,  Fourth  near  Wash. 

Bible,  Theodore,  laborer  Fifth  and  Wash. 

Bice,  David,  carpenter,  Sixth  near  Was  . 

Bice,  Sampson,  carpenter.  Sixth  near  Wash. 

Bice,  James,  engineer.  Sixth  and  Wash. 

Billard,  John,  carpenter.  Fourth  and  Wash. 

Bielrough,  A.  G.  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Binnah,  F.  laborer,  Fisher  near  Fourth. 

Bird,  Frank,  Lake  near  Superior. 

Birt,  A.  J.  real  estate.  High  near  Arch. 

Bishop,  Thomas,  machinist.  Seventh  near  Ridge. 

Bishop  Charles,  machinist.  Wash  near  Third. 

Blackwood,  James,  la.borer,  I^ke  near  R.  mill. 

Blackwood,  William,  tinner.  Lake  near  R.  mill. 

Blair,  Hugh,  conductor.  Wash  near  Seventh. 

Blake,  Thomas,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Bleck,  Andrew,  laborer,  Superior  near  Fifth. 

Blouin,  Dennis,  hostler,  Fisher  near  Fourth. 

Blue,  Mathew,  mp.son.  Ridge  near  Sixth. 
Blum,  Nelse,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 
Bogan,  Con.  laborer,  Ridge  near  Front. 
Boler,  Maurice,  laborer,  Third  and  Spruce. 
Boler,  Pat.  laborer.  Third  and  Superior. 


.^-t'.:ii;U,.aB»^^.t*ji'*">^i**^Hi '■»»>>> ^W'Jjif^^*^'^'  ■  '**^?^i^%?;r**^:' 


.^i,^,i^i0^,^.:^g^,--^-rT--^>^^^^ 


llKAU!fyt«    IHUEt^l'UHy   OK    MAHgUKlTK   COUNTV.  23 


LAND^ 


And  Eeal  Estate  Brokers, 


MARQUETTE,  MICH 


MINERAL  AND    PINE   LANDS 


And  Minutes  and  Explorations  for  Sale. 


Payment  of  Taxes  for  Non  Residents 


ATTENDED  TO. 


REFEB   BT  PERM188IOM  TO - 


JAY  C.  MOR8E. 
JAfi.  PICKAND8. 
Aud  others. 


,.tt 


Ig**- 


mmm 


mmtm 


mMw 


„r'yr"( f'-r  -""'■(fy"«-'"'«"^' '"-•"-■■-    ■  ■ '  ■ ' ■^■■•^'<ii-^''-'mr^*rmmtmnm>i^ 


24         beabd'h  directory  of  mabquette  county. 


Incorporatea  under  the  Laws  of  the  State  of  Michigan- 


mmt  Capital,  $500,000.        Capital  paid  in,  $200,000. 


MABQUETTE,  MICH. 

TRANSACT  A  GENERAL 

BANKINa  AND  EXCHANGE  BUSINESS. 


-OFFICERS- - 


AMBROSE  CAMPBELL,  Hres't.  .1.  M.  WILKINSON,  Ca«h'r. 

EDWARD  BREITUNO,  Vice  Pifes't.      FRED.  M.  STEELE,  Aw't  " 


Particular  Attention  Given  to  Collections, 

And  prooeeds  promptly  remitted  at  the  current 
rates  of  exchange,  on  day  of  payment. 

We   sell   Passage  Tickets  to  and  from  the  OLD 
COUNTRY  by  the  favorite  lines. 

—also— 

DRAFTS  ON  ALL  PARTS  OF  THE  WORLD. 

AT  THE  LOWEST  BATES. 


■-   .'    M 


OUNTI. 


beard's  dihectoby  of  mabqpette  county. 


25 


*■  Michigan- 

\i  in,  $200,000. 

p1| 


BUSINESS. 


.KINSON,  Cwh'r. 
STEELE,  Age't  " 


Collections, 

he  current 
'ment. 

ora  the  OLD 
ines. 


/£  WORLD. 


Bookly,  Pat.  laborer,  High  and  Arch. 

Boos,  John,  mason,  Wash,  near  Fourth. 

Bovin,  Peter,  laborer.  Rock  near  Front. 

Bowdan,  Thomas,  miner,  Bluff  near  6th. 

Bowdry,  James,  brakeman.  Bluff  near  4th. 

Bowdry,  A.  laborer,  Wash  near  7th. 

Boyles,  J.  Uboi^r,  Bluff  near  7th. 

Brag,  Jesse,  laborer.  Wash  near  7th. 

Braley,  Gilbert,  saddler,  7th  near  Superior. 

Bray,  Harry,  laborer,  High  and  Mich. 

Bray,  J.  P.  telegraph  operator.  Wash  near  4th. 

Bray,  T.  H.  clerk,  Wash,  near  4th. 

Brennan,  Richard,  laborer,  Superior  i^ear  Front. 

Brennan,  Thomas,  laborer,  Wash  near  7lh. 

Bridges,  J.  A.,  flagman,  res.  near  round  house. 

Brevier,  Louis,  clerk,  Superior  near  5th. 

ririmacombe  &  Cundy,  builders.  Lake  near  Superior. 

IJrimacombe,  William,  builder,  res.  Wash  neer  Front. 

Brimacombe,  T.  P.,  boots  and  shoes,  Front  near  Superior. 

Brille,  Henry,  brewer,  Spring  and  3d. 

Britelle,  Henry,  cari)enter,  Michigan  aear  Cedar. 

Britelle,  Daniel,  contractor,  Arch  near  Cedar. 

Britelle,  Albert,  Michigan,  near  Cedar. 

Bro,  Alb,  brakeman,  4th  near  Bluff. 

Brober,  John,  laborer,  3d  and  Superior. 

Brocker,  E.  C.  machinist.  Wash  izear  7th. 

Brodie,  C.  A.  clerk  at  Northwestern, 

Brousou,  S.  M.  dry  goods,  res.  High  and  Ridgo. 

Brooks,  John,  machinist,  Superior  near  4th. 

Brothertou,  F.  H.  explorer,  3d  and  Bluff. 

Brotherton,  Wilson,  explorer,  4th  near  Ridge. 

Brown,  Samuel,  carpenter.  Front  near  Michigan. 

Brown,  John,  laborer,  Front  near  R.  R. 

Erown,  Michael,  laborei,  Superior  and  Third. 

Brown,  Peter^  laborer,  Superior  and  Third, 

Brown,  J.  pop  manufacturer,  Front  near  Superior. 

Brown,  Ambrose,S.  clerk,  Lake  near  Bluff. 


lB«"i*M'JIM''W''>' 


MiTiiiiriilcfHVii'iltWi* 


j'Vt':.i:-r-^-'-.  " .■■-"-.■■Mi'rirlMVIWTI'i.-,'- 


i 


26 


BEAUD's    UIKECTOUY   OF   MABQUETTE   OOLNTY. 


Brown,  Win,  C.  clerk,  Lake  near  Bluff. 

Brown,  Jos.  J.  clerk,  Lake  near  Bluff. 

Brown,  Chae.  S.  wagon  maker,  Lake  near  Bluff. 

Buehajian,  John.  Fourth  near  Bluff. 

Buckley,  Pat.  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Buckley,  Barney,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Burr,  John,  foreman.  Wash,  near  Seventh. 

Burt  Free  Stone  Co  ,  Jno.  Burt,  pres.  W.  A.  Burt,  Sec'y, 

Buraasee,  C.  saloon.  Wash.  bet.  Fourth  and  Fifth. 

Birch,  Anton,  laborer.  Fifth  and  Wash. 

Burk,  Frank,  carpenter,  Fisher  near  Four'h. 

Burk,  Thomas,  laborer.  Rock  near  Third. 

Burley,  Adolph,  sadler.  Seventh  near  Superior. 

Burns,  Andrew,  furnaceman.  Lake  near  R.  mill. 

Burns,  Thomas,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Burt,  William,  agent  Burt  Free  Stone  Co.,  res.  High  near  Arch. 

Burt,  Hiram,  Coll.  of  Port.,  Lake  near  North-Western. 

Burt,  S.  Sm  agent  Grd.  Cen.  Mine,  res.  High  near  Arch. 

Bushel,  John,  proprietor  Iron  Mountain  House. 

Butcher,  Harris,  Superior  and  Third. 

Butler,  Fred,  butcher,  Superior  and  Front. 

Butler,  Thomas,  laborer.  Wash,  near  Third. 


lit 


CAIN,  Wm.  brakeman.  National  Hotel. 
Caley,  Chas.  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 
Call,  C.  H.  Cashier  First  National  Bank,  Tremont  House, 
Caltin,  8.  A.  Auditor  M.  H.  &  O.  R.  R.,  res.  Sixth  near  Bluff. 
Cameron,  J.  R.  tailor,  residence  Bluff  near  Fourth. 
Camp,  Henry,  tailor,  corner  Third  and  Spring. 
Campbell,  David,  contractor,  corner  Third  and  Genesee, 
Cambell,  Ambrose,  Reg,  U,  S,  Land  Office,  res.  op.  Coles  House. 
Campbell,  John,  tailor.  Bluff  near  Fourth. 
Campbell,  Donald,  Bluff  near  Third. 
Campbell,  Wm.  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 
Campbell,  Robert,  carpenter,  Ridge  near  Fourth. 


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JNTY. 


beabd's  dibectobY  of  mabquette  county.         27 


\..  Burt,  Sec'y. 


aont  House, 
ctb  near  BlulS*. 
th. 


np.  Coles  House. 


Brownstone  Company 

S.  p.  ELY,  President.  PETER  WHITE,  Treas. 

M.  H.  MAYNABD,  Beo'y  and  Gen'l  Manager. 


■ 

Own  Hnd  Operate  the  Celebrated  Quarries  of 

1 

:^'E11  fill  if  ill 

^ 

Igh  near  Arch.         ^| 

Very  Soft  and  Rich  in  color,  eagily  worked  when  new,  and  be- 
come" very  hard  upon  expooure.     In  unchanged  by  the) 
elements  and  remarkably  durable  in  color. 

h-Western.                | 

Address,                M.  H.  MA7NABD,  Qen'l  Manager, 

near  Arch.                  H 

MARQUETTE. 

HURON  BAY 

Slate  and  Iron  Company. 

—     ,-,-  ■  ^. 

W.  L.  WETUOBE,  President.       K  E.  HA71TAIII},  Sec'7  ud  Treas. 


Of  very  fine  texture  and  lustre,  equal  to  any  in  the  world. 
QUABBIES  ON  HVBOIT  BAT. 

General  Office   at  Marquette,   Mich, 

Address,  M.  H.  MATNABD,  Secretary. 


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28         beard's  dibectoby  of  icABgUn-rrE  county. 


B.  NEIDHART, 


■DXAIiBB   IN- 


Poreign  and  Domestic 


iK^llW^Bl! 


STOVES,    TIN, 


-ANU- 


Marquette,  L.  S.,  Michigan. 


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beabd's  dibectoby  ov  mabquette  county. 


29 


Campbell,  Arch   blacksmith,  Bluff  near  Fourth. 
Campau,  David,  contractor.  Third  and  Genesee. 
Canfield,  Chas.  telegraph  operator,  Ridge  and  iSeventh. 
Car  by,  Pat.  teamster,  Lake  near  R.  mill. 
Carey,  Thus,  mason,  Rock  near  Front, 
Carey,  Thos.  laborer,  Fisher  near  Third. 
Carey,  Edward,  saloon,  Lake  near  Superior. 
Carey,  Pat.  mason,  Hampton  near  School. 

Carp.  River  Iron  Co.  uorth  of  Carp.  River. 

Carson,  Samuel,  furnace  man.  Wash,  and  Fourth. 

CJasey,  J.  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Front. 

Casey,  John,  laborer.  Bluff  near.  Third. 

Cavis,  C.  H.  V.  civil  engineer,  Wash,  near  Front. 

Cecotte,  John,  laborer,  Washington  and  Seventh. 

Cecotte,  Octave,  laborer.  Fourth  and  Bluff. 

Champion  Iron  Co.,  S.  P.  Ely,  Sec.  and  Treas. 

Chartiers,  Joseph,  brakeman.  Fourth  and  Wash. 

Charlesworth,  Robert,  Wash,  near  Fifth. 

Chambers,  8.  saddler,  Superior  near  Fourth. 

Chamberlain,  Greo.  harness  maker,  Superior  opp.  Cathedral. 

Charlson,  M,  laborer.  Third  and  Superior. 

Charlsou,  Nills,  laborer,  Third  and  Superior. 

Charlson,  I.  laborer.  Third  and  Superior. 

Charlsou,  Dan,  laborer,  Third  and  Superior. 

ChildS,  B.  F.  photof  rapher.  Masonic  Block,  bds.  Northwestern. 

Christy,  And.  labo.e:,  Superior  near  Front. 

Church,  Sidney  E.  real  est  'e,  Watson's  Bl)ck. 

(Jhubb,  Robert,  watchman.  Fourth  near  l*-Iich. 

Chubb,  Henry,  laborer,  Fourtn  near  Mich. 

Citizens'  Bank,  Ambrose  Campbell  Pres.,  J.  M.  Wilkinson, 

Cashier. 
Clayhorn,  Jos.  civil  engineer,  Bluff  near  Fifth. 
Clatk,  W.  clerk.  Arch  east  of  Front. 
Clark,  John,  laborer.  Lake  near  R.  Mill. 
Clark,  S.  T.  fireman.  Third  near  Bluff 
Clark,  Wm.  carpenter.  Fifth  and  Wash. 
Clark,  Wallace  A.  M.,  M.  D.  Crowley's  Block. 


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30         beabd's  directoby  of  marquette  county. 


Clark,  H.  clerk,  with  Pendill  &  Beatty. 

Claricy,  C.  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Clapp,  L.  clerk,  freight  office  M.  H.  &  O.  R.  R.,  Ms.  Northwesfrn. 

Cleveland  Iron  Mining  Co.  J.  C.  Morse,  Geu'l  Agent. 

Cleary,  David,  laborer.  Travelers'  Home. 

Cleary,  James,  laborer,  Travelers'  Home. 

Cloese,  J.  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Front. 

Coakley,  Maurice,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front 

Coakley,  Peter,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Coan,  John,  machinist,  Michigan,  near  High. 

Coan,  William,  Arch  St.  West  Front. 

Cochran,  George  E.  corner  Arch  and  Spring. 

Cochran,  John  &  Geo.  E.  att'ys,  over  Murray  &  Robbins. 

Cochran,  J.  L.  attorney,  corner  Arch  and  Spruce. 

Cochran,  V.  B.  clerk,  corner  Baker  «nd  Ridge. 

Code,  William,  book-binder,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Coffield,  Thomas,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Coffman,  Samuel,  tailor,  corner  Washington  anJ  5th. 

Cole,  James,  laborer,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Cole,  C.  D.  photographer,  bds.  Northwestern. 

Cole,  Acklin,  carpenter,  corner  5th  and  Bluff. 

Cole,  A.  A.  deputy  collector,  Burt  Bros,  building. 

Coles,  Jeffrey,     "l 

Coles,  William,    J- Proprietors  Coles  House. 

Coles,  George  B.  J 

Coles,  George,  Coles  House. 

Coles  House.  Front  strfeet. 

Collen,  E.  carpenter,  Michigan  street,  near  Front. 

Collins,  C.  G.  dry-goods,  old  P.  O.  building,  res.  Wash,  near  3d. 

Collins,  H.  G.  clerk,  Washington,  near  3d. 

Combau,  Eugene,  laborer.  Travelers'  Home. 

Condon,  John,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Conklin,  J.  8.  clerk,  corner  Front  and  Bluff 

Conklin,  G.  N.  jeweler,  Adams  Block,  b.  Blaker  street. 

Connell,  Pat,  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Front. 
Connell.  J.  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Front. 
Connell,  Jerry,  teamster,  Travelers'  Home. 


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BEARD'h    DIHECTORy   OF   MARQrKTTE    COUNTY.  .31 


TRUNKS  OF  EVERY  DESCRIPTION. 


Cart  and  Fine  Harness  a  Specialty. 


SUPERIOR  STREET,  NEAR  CLEVELAND  DOCK. 


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32  UKAUd'h   I.IBECrOBY   OF  MABQDETTE  COUNTY. 


T.  WARD 


WARD  ^  WEBB, 


J.  WEBB. 


-SBlAIiXBS  IN- 


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1 


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MUSICAL  MERCHANDISE, 

violin    and    Oultar    Strings. 

SHEET  MUSIC  A  SPEOIALTT. 


j^xsmo   ActBHwi-ai  v<r> 


TRAOK  MAnK 


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^tore  on  Washinyton  Street, 

the  Cohs  ta,      MM^t^ett®^  Sieb. 


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3UNTY. 


UKARDS    mUKCTOKY    OF   MAIiylKTTK   CorNTY. 


33 


J.  WEBB. 


DISE, 

itrlngs. 

If  OS  Eli 


street. 


Connere,  John,  laborer,  corner  Fisher,  near  4th. 

Conner?,  James,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front 

Conney,  J.  D.  furnaceraan,  b.  Brown  and  De  Rush. 

Cook,  Mrs  E.  D  Washington,  near  Ucl. 

Cook,  Christian,  shoemaker,  5th,  near  Bluff. 

Cook,  J.  blacksmith,  Bluff,  near  3fl. 

Cook,  Charles,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Cook,  D.  E.  tinner,  Washington,  between  3d  and  4th. 

Cooley,  Pat,  carpenter,  Rock,  near  3d. 

Cooney,  Wm.  cl'k  with  Pendill  &  Beatly. 

Corey,  Duncan,  lab.  3d  and  Supr. 

Corey,  Rich,  boiler  maker,  Bluff,  near  6th. 

Corey,  Geo.  lab.  Bluff,  near  6th. 

Coughlin,  John,  laborer,  4th,  near  Washington. 

Courtney,  Dan,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Coyle,  James,  laborer,  Hampton,  near  3d. 

Coyle,  James  Jr.  laborer,  Hampton,  near  3d. 

Cozzens,  Fred.,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Crathy,  Stephen,  laborer.  Travelers'  Home. 

Craig,  Reynold,  Bluff,  near  6th. 

Craig,  Julius,  Bluff,  near  6th. 

Craig,  John,  furnaceman.  Bluff,  near  6th. 

Craig,  James,  puddler,  Hampton,  near  School. 

Craig,  Thomas,  mason.  Front,  near  Spring. 

Crambie,  A.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Crangle,  William,  laborer,  Michigan  House. 

Crevan,  Ed.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Creary,  L.  P.  &  Co.  printers.  Masonic  Building. 

Creary,  L.  P.  printer,  residence  near  Methodist  Church. 

Crenelle,  Joshua,  carpenter,  7th  near  Rock. 

C!ribo,  Richard,  helper,  Washington,  near  Superior. 

Crist,  L.  laborer,  4th,  near  Rock. 

Crocker,  J.  plasterer,  Central  Hotel, 

Crohn,  Meyer,  clothing,  Washington,  between  6th  and  7th. 

Croin,  John,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Crow,  John,  laborer.  Ridge,  near  Front. 

Crow,  James,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 


■.V,^*^^p«#!iK***^*^^'^*^'^'-^ 


34 


UKAUD'h    DIUKi^ruHY    (>K    MABQUKTTK   COUNTY. 


Crowley,  Thomas,  brskemau,  Michigan  House. 
Crowley,  Michael,  laborer,  Lake,  near  R.  mill. 
Cudlip,  John,  miner,  Waahingion,  near  6th. 
Cumminga,  Put,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Cummings,  George  P.  civil  engineer,  4th,  near  Bluff. 
Culhave,  Dan.  blacksmith,  5th,  near  Buperior. 
Culbort  &  Rood,  livery,  Superior,  near  Front 
Culbert,  Josh.,  livery,  Summit  House. 

Cunningham, laborer.  Ridge,  near  Front. 

Cundy,  J.  S.  carpenter,  Washington,  near  Front. 
Curtis,  James,  blacksmith.  Rock,  near  3d. 


D 


DALE,  Samuel,  boarding  house,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Dalin,  Claes,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Dalliba  &  M&pes,  attorneys.  Masonic  Building. 
Dalliba,  J.  E.  attorney,  Coles  House. 
Dalliba,  W.  S.  Ex.  Agt.  and  man.  W.  U.  Tel.  Colee  House. 
Daly,  James,  laborer,  Franklin  House. 
Damp,  Charles,  mason,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Daniel,  Hugh,  painter,  Superior,  near  Front 
Davis,  Miss  Lillian,  dress-maker,  Washington,  near  Front. 
Davis,  Francis,  carpenter,  5th,  near  Washiugtfw. 
Daw,  Frank,  moulder,  High,  near  Michigan. 
Dearra,  Peter,  laborer,  4th,  near  Washington. 
Deckerraesser,  J.  laborer.  Bluff,  near  5th. 
Deetcher,  William,  laborer,  Fisher,  near  4th. 
Delany,  James,  laborer,  boards  Brown  &  De  Rush. 
Delaf,  Peter,  blacksmith,  Rock,  near  3d. 
Deraay,  Augustin,  clerk,  Genesee,  near  3d. 
Demay,  A.  F.  clerk,  Genesee,  near  Lake. 
Demeyer,  Zavier,  saloon,  3d,  near  Lake. 
Denn,  Peter,  pattern  maker,  corner  3d  and  Fisher.  * 

Dennis,  Joseph,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Washington. 
De  Nevin,  E.  cashier,  with  Pendill  &  Beatty. 
Deuomy,  David,  surveyor,  corner  5th  and  Washington. 


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bbaro'b  dibxotort  of  marquettb  county.         35 


Agent  for  Strueder  Show  Cases. 


■1 


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L  S;  V 


36  BEARD'b   WKEOTORy   OF   MABQOSTTR   COUNTV. 


Good  Horses. 


g 


New  Buggies. 


^^'^^m^^ 


CULBERT  &  REED. 

(At  til*  Old  SUad  gf  JoAua  Colbert,) 
HAVE    THE    LARGEST    AND    BEST 


ON  THE  UPPER  PENINSULA. 


T 


Good  Horses  and  Vehicles  for  all  Purposes. 

CAREFUL    DRIVERS    IF    DESIRED. 


FUNERALS  RECEIVE  ESPECIAL  ATTENTION. 
MARQUETTE,       -       MICHIGAN. 


-,^y:»y^g?y^§^wj§8»f$l»g^ 


ONTY. 


nR4IU)'8   DIHEOTORY   OF  MABQUETTE  COUNTY.  37 


Buggies. 


SED« 


BEST 

.  i     •*: 

JLA. 

//  Purposes. 

ED. 

TTENTION. 
HICAN. 


Deporte,  J.  laborer,  WaBhington,  near  7th. 

Derry,  Wm,  C.  laborer.  Washington,  near  Jld. 

Deajardins,  J.  Phyaioiau,  Wataon  HUwk,  res-  3d  and  Kock. 

l)eat«ch,  .John,  ma«on,  corner  3d  and  Bluff. 

Deveroo,  Jamea,  olerk,  Ilidge,  near  4th. 

Deveru,  J.  with  Pecanda  ^.  Co. 

DeWitt,  Charles,  hostler,  Michigan  House. 

Dietsch,  John  H.  Uilor,  Washington,  between  3d  and  4th. 

D.bey,  John,  blacksmith,  5th  near  Superior. 

Dobey,  Robert,  helper,  5th,  near  Superior. 

Doerr,  Fred,  shoemaker,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Doherty,  Michael,  laborer,  Hampton,  near  3d. 

Dolf;  Jacob,  sheriff,  at  jail. 

Doll",  Frank,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Dollans,  Frank,  fisherman,  Hampton,  near  R.  mill. 

Dollan,  John,  laborer.  Travelers'  Home. 

Donaldson,  Peter,  porter,  Coles  House. 

Donahoe,  John,  laborer,  Bluff,  near  3d. 

Donahue,  Michael,  engineer,  Bluff,  near  3d. 

Donely,  James,  laborer,  Superior,  near  3d, 

Doner,  John,  laborer,  7th,  near  Superior. 

Doner,  Thomas,  engineer.  Bluff,  near  6th. 

Donovan,  Jerry,  laborer,  Ridge,  near  4th. 

Doukersley,  C.  Wash,  near  Front. 

Donovan,  John,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front 

Donovan,  James,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Dooley  Tom.  teamster,  Mich  near  High. 

Doran,  Octave,  laborer.  Wash,  near  Fourth. 

Dowling,  Richard,  carpenter.  Bluff  near  Front. 

Downey,  Patrick,  laborer,  Franklin  House. 

Downey,  Morris,  laborer,  Franklin  House. 

Downs,  Cornelius,  laborer,  Fisher  near  Fourth. 

Downs,  Hylor  A.  Sp.  Dep.  Custom  House,  res.  Lake  soar  North 

Western. 
Doyle,  James,  carpenter,  Bluff  near  Sixth. 
Doyle,  William  J.  laborer,  National  House. 
Doyle  Patrick,  teamster.  Third  and  liock. 


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38 


beard's  dibrctory  of  mabquette  county. 


Doyle,  Thoma?,  teamster,  Third  and  Rock. 

Doyle,  Edward,  boarding  house,  Superior  near  Front. 

Drater,  Charles,  laborer,  Third  and  Wash. 

Drew,  John,  clerk.  Ridge  near  Fourth. 

Drille,  William,  boarding  house,  Wash,  near  Third. 

Driscol,  Michael,  brakeman,  Third  and  Superior. 

Dubois,  E.,  blacksmith.  Fourth  near  Superior. 

Duff,  James,  painter,  Piflh  uear  Bluff. 

Dume,  J.  laborer,  Spring  and  Front. 

Dunkley,  Joseph,  painter.  Front  st. 

Dunlavy,  John,  laborer,  3d  and  Hampton. 

Dunn,  John,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 

Dunn,  James,  laborer,  bds.  Brown  &  De  Rush. 

Duson,  James,  plasterer.  Sixth  and  Bluff. 

Dwyer,  Burt,  carpenter  Sixth  i     '  Blu.T. 

Dwyer,  Daniel,  laborer,  Franklin  House. 

Dwyer,  John,  laborer,  Superior  neat  Third. 


E 


EARL,  Wm.  foreman  R.  R.  Superior  and  Fourth. 
Earle  H.  O.  8c  Co^  grocers,  Coles  Block. 
Earle,  H.  C.  light  house  keeper. 
Elarle,  C.  M.  W.  B.  and  shoes,  masonic  building,  res.  Front 

near  Mich. 
Earle,  Peter,  laborer,  Fourth  near  Mich. 
E«'ay,  E.  F.  foreman  R.  R.  Bluff  near  Fifth. 
Edge,  George,  Rolling  Mill,  Third  and  Furnace. 
E)dward,  L.  brakeman,  Wash,  bet  Fourth  and  Fifth. 
Egnew,  Frank,  laborer,  Superior  near  Front. 
Eich,  Hillard,  Grocer,  Third  near  Hampton. 
Ellenwood,  Captain  F.  foreman,  Fifth  and  Wash. 
Ellis,  Charles,  fireman.  Wash  near  Fifth. 
E'lstrcLa,  Fred,  laborer,  Bluff  near  Fifth. 
Ely,  S.  P.  mayor,  Lake  near  North-Western. 
Englas,  Mathew,  teamster,  Hampton,  near  Third. 
English,  James,  clerk,  Third  and  Rock. 


hi* 


40  beard's   DIBEOTORY    of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY 


PENDILL  &  BBATTT, 


-WSOLESALE  AKD  BETAIL 


1E# 


PROVISIONS, 

CROCKER 

Gh?ain,  riour,  Peed, 

BOOTS  AND  SHOES, 


D 


Wall  Papers,  Roofing  and  Building  Pf      s 


— ALSO— 


VESSEL  SUPPLIES.  &c. 
PAINTS,  OILS,  VARNISM 


m  ^^tm" 


Enright  &  Spencer,  harness  and  trunks,  Superior  near 

(lock. 
Enright,  James,  harnep>8,  res.  Rock  and  Third. 
Erbinding,  H.  wagon  maker,  Superior  and  Fourth. 
Ericson,  Peter,  machinist,  Hampton  near  R.  mill. 
Ernau,  Felix,  laborer,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Evans,  8.  J.  barber.  Front  and  hairing,  res.  Rock  and  Third. 
Evans,  J.  L.  barber.  Front  and  Spring,  res.  Rock  and  Third. 
Ereau,  Phillip,  laborer.  Third  near  Rock. 
Everett  and  Son,  bankers,  Front  near  Main. 
Everett,  C.  M.  banker,  res.  Ridge  and  Front. 
Everett,  P.  M.  banker,  res.  Ridge  and  Front. 
Erickson  Manfg.  Co  ,  foundry  and  machine  shop,  neargas  works. 
Excelsior  Manfg.  (Ui.,s.  w.  cor.  Wyckoff  and  Porter, 


fj^AESSON,  Ole,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front 
Fagan  James,  laborer,  near  water  works. 
Fahey,  James,  laborer,  near  water  works. 
Farley,  Thomas,  laborer.  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Farmer,  .James,  furnaceman,  Hampton,  near  School, 
Farrar,  Mrs.  Sarah  Ann,  laundress,  4th,  near  Michigan. 
Farrar,  S.  B.  bds.  National  Hotel. 
Fassbinder,  J.  C.  butcher.  Rock,  near  3d. 
Fee,  F.  M.  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Front 
Fenah,  Charles,  mason,  Michigan  street 
Field,  Fred,  plasterer,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Finch,  laborer,  bds.  Michigan  House. 
Finch,  Charles,  teamster,  Arch,  near  Pine. 
Finch,  Ed.  moulder,  corner  5th  and  Washington. 
Finney,  Walter,  ticket  agent,  Bluff,  near  Front 
First  Nat.  Bank,  Peter  White,  Pres.  Nat.  Bank  Building. 
Fisher,  David,  conductor,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Fisher,  Medaugb,  machinist,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Wisher,  Ed.  plumber.  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Fisher,  John,  teamster,  with  Pendill  &  Beatty. 


c.  » 


fc^^ 


:„iAt».*;»&"v-\.;.'.:  -^ 


iiiiiuiii.ii,».iii:i.;,'.?C^ 


42 


DKAUD'h   DIUECTOIIY   OF   MAUQUETTE   COUNTY. 


Fisher  J,  A.  laborer,  Waah.  near  7th. 
Fiske,  E.  W.  dentist,  Watson's  Block,  res.  rear  R.  mill. 
Fitzgerald,  James,  machinist,  Rock,  near  4th. 
Fitzsimons,  Daniel,  tailor.  Spring,  near  Front. 
Flaherty,  Thomas,  carpenter,  corner  7th  and  Ridge. 
Flaherty,  Robert,  carpenter,  corner  7th  and  Ridge. 
Flanigan  John,  laborer,  BluiT,  near  3d. 
Flanigan,  James,  engineer,  Wathingtcn,  near  6th. 
Flanigan,  William,  Machinist,  Washington,  near  6th. 
Flanigan,  Mathew,  printer,  Washington,  near  6th. 
Flanigan,  Richard,  weigher,  Washington,  near  6th. 
Flanigan,  Eil.  carpenter,  Washington,  near  6th. 
Flanigan,  John,  engineer,  4th,  near  Fisher. 
Flannery,  William,  laborer,  bds.  Franklin  House. 
Flat,  John,  shoemaker,  bdti.  with  T.  P.  Brimacombe. 
Fleetwood,  Rev.  B.  F.  res.  near  St.  Paul's  church. 
Fletcher,  Duncan,  laborer.  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Floid,  Thomas,  boiler  maker.  Lake,  near  Bluff. 
Flood,  Derry,  mason,  3d,  near  Superior. 
Flooding,  Andrew,  mason,  Hampton,  near  School. 
Flynn,  Pat,  Fisher,  near  Front. 
Flynn,  John,  Fishe**,  near  Front. 
Fogerty,  Pat,  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Front. 
Foley,  James,  teamster,  corner  Front  and  Superior. 
Foley,  John,  laborer,  Rock,  near  3d. 
Foot,  J.  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Fort. 
Foot,  Mrs.  Jane,  laundress,  Michigan  street. 
Foot  D.  laborer,  corner  Spring  and  Front. 
Fountain,  Arable,  Front,  near  Superior. 
Fountain,  James,  moulder.  Bluff,  near  Fifth. 
Forbush,  Henry,  mail  agent,  6th,  near  Bluff. 
Ford,  Maurice,  laborer,  Hampton,  near  R.  mill. 
Foreman,  Jacob,  laborer,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Forsyth,  Ed.  printer,  Washington,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 
Fortig,  John,  painter,  Washington,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 
Fortune,  L.  carpenter,  Hampton,  near  R  mill. 
Fowler,  T.  B.  gardener.  Lake,  near  N.  Western. 


mill. 


W^ 


beard's  DIREOTOBt  OF  MARQUETTE  COUNTY.  43 


o. 


lO 


Fuliiiiilii  Milerj,  Souet!,  Eat!,  Mmi 


lailea 

'  f  WPHlshing 

j  i®a)i^« 

flihhons, 

Aprons, 

Tarns, 

Ldfips, 

Hosiery, 

Zephyrs, 

Flowers, 

Corsets, 

Canvas, 

Feathers, 

Corset  Skirt  Sup- 

Patterns, 

Orntunents, 

porters. 

Initials, 

Silks, 

Hoop  Skirts, 

Human  Hair, 

Velvets, 

Bustles, 

Curls, 

Satins, 

Combs, 

Switches, 

Crapes, 

Bracelets, 

Frizzes  and, 

Veils, 

Pins, 

Braids, 

Ties, 

Jeivelrij, 

Suits, 

Riishings, 

Chains, 

Cloaks, 

Collars, 

Brushes, 

Talanas  and 

Undersleeves, 

Buttons, 

Capes, 

Caffs, 

Tlhreads, 

Shawls, 

Handkerchiefs, 

Silks, 

Scarfs, 

Parasols, 

Twists, 

Wraps, 

Fans, 

Fringes, 

Muhias, 

Belts, 

Gimps, 

Skirts, 

Kid  and.  TJiread 

Edgings, 

Jackets,  Sfc. 

Gloves. 

Buttons, 

Ladies',  Childrens'  %xA  Infants 

'  Underwear. 

Prints, 

Cloakings, 

Cloths, 

Cottons,           Dress  Gnod^s  and  Suit 

ings,      Flannels 

ladles'  m%  @(kll&r<iii8'  furs. 

Xotions,  Trimmings,  Linings,  ^c,  Sf-c. 

AND  EVEBTTEma  ELSE  IN  LADIES'  OOODS. 

Coraer  Store,  E?eretfs  Block,     MARQUETTE,  L.  S.,  MICH. 


)*^ij'rtira/i"ii'- 


■w  ii._H]iHjl).yii'<j 


44  BEAUD'k   DHIRCTOBY   OF   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


-DKAXBIB  IK 


Groceries  "^  Provisions 


oCON  FECTION  ERY.o 

f  pout  itreelt  near  @u)^«ipt3ri 
Old  p.  o.  Building.  MARQUETTE,  MICH. 


LEONAKD  P.  CRARY. 


JASON  HcOREQOR. 


L.  P.  CRARY  &  CO. 


-<3-XIX«'XIXt..A.Xj- 


Book  and  Job  Printers 


Masonic  Block,  over  the  Postoffice. 


D,      %L»       E*, 


^i«m- 


)UNTY. 


[sions 

RY,o 

RE,  MICH. 

SON  McQRBaOR. 

CO. 


Fraser,  Robert,  laborer,  bds.  Franklin  House. 

Fraaer,  C.  H.  clerk  Treniont  House. 

Fraser,  E.  lumber  yard,  and  real  estate,   Bluff  near  Third,  res. 
Ridge  street. 

Fraser,  John,  teamster,  corner  4th  and  Fisher. 

Frederick,  Charles,  piano  tuner,  Washington,  near  3d. 

Freeman  Bros,  livery.  Front,  near  Superior. 

Freeman,  James,  livery.  Rock  street. 

Freeman,  Richard,  blacksmith,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Freeman,  Andrew,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  Front. 

French,  Robert,  contractor,  Washington,  n^.tr  Front. 

French,  William,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Hampton. 

French,  George,  carpenter,  corner  Rock  and  3d. 

Frei,  Fred,  boarding  house,  corner  3d  and  Front. 

Frei.  Jacob,  grocer  and  baker,  corner  Front  and  Washington 

Freiburg,  Robt.  clerk.  Rock,  near  Front. 

Freiburg,  J.  P.  clerk,  with  Pendill  and  Beatty. 

Frink,  Reuben,  pile  driver,  corner  Michigan  and  Front. 

Fuhrman,  J.  clerk,  with  Pendill  A  Beatty. 

Furgason,  O'Neil,  laborer,  Genesee,  near  3d. 

Furgason,  Alex,  engineer,  Hampton,  near  School. 

Furgason,  Anges,  laborer,  Ridge,  near  W.  works. 


G 


i% 


nters 


9. 


GABRIELSON,  W.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Gaerdpie,  Henry,  brakesman,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Gago,  Samuel,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  Front. 
Gagnes,  Cheve,  brakeman,  4th,  near  Was  ington. 
Galbreath,  Jamee,  carpenter,  corner  5th  and  Washington. 
Gallant,  Peter,  grocer,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Galler,  Charles,  laborer,  corner  5th  and  Washington. 
Galvin,  William,  laborer,  bds.  Michigan  House. 
Ganaw,  Daniel,  teamster.  Ridge,  near  3d. 
Garman,  Moses,  laborer.  Arch  street,  near  Cedar. 
Garrity,  William,  engineer,  3d,  near  Bluff. 
Garrow,  Charles,  explorer,  Superior,  near  3d. 


rlilillWII.  "ij  i'ill'««[*llHtl»iilli«i'i' 


'mm*' 


i^iMwi'i"<iWiii.iM| 


46 


beard's  DIRECTOBY   of  MARQUETTE   CODNTY. 


Gasco,  Joseph,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  7tU. 

Gaskill,  Joseph,  carpenter,  corner  Front  and  Michigan. 

Gates,  A.'uirew,  plasterer,  Michigan  House. 

Gay,  H.  L.  &  Co.  architects,  Watson  Block. 

Gay,  E.  B.  Gen'l  F't  Ag't  M.  H.;<tO.  R.  R,  cor.  Front  and  Arch. 

Gehske,  Albert,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Washington. 

Geness,  J.  M.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Gidly,  Samuel,  laborer,  Bluff,  near  5th. 

Gidley,  Charles,  boiler  maker,  Bluff,  near  6th. 

Gienneger,  George,  laborer,  Washington,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 

Gilmore,  8.  F.  restaurant,  Washington  near  Front. 

Gilmore,  Martin,  mason,  Superior,  uear  Front 

Girsch,  Henry,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Washington. 

Glazer,  John,  barber,  Washington,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 

Glazier,   Louis,  train  master,  Everett  Block,  res.  Wash,  near 
Front. 

Gokay,  Oliver,  weigher,  Superior,  neai  5th. 

Goldsworthy,  John,  Arch,  east  of  Front. 

Goodreau,  James,  Hampton,  near  School. 

Gordon,  Rev.  J.  M.  Front,  uear  Michigan. 

Gordy,  John,  painter,  3d,  near  Superior. 

Gormaly,  Ed.  explorer,  Superior,  near  3d. 

Gorman,  Thomas,  laborer,  Michigan  street. 

Gorman,  Pat.  laborer,  Michigan  street. 

Gould,  Orville,  flagman,  bds.  at  Bishops. 

Grabel,  James,  laborer,  Hampton,  near  school. 

Graff,  John,  carpenter.  Bluff,  uear  5th. 

Graham,  J.  J.  clerk,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Grant,  Alex,  clerk.  Lake,  near  N.  Western. 

Grand  Central  Iron  Co.  J.  8.  Waterman  &  S.  S.  Burt. 

Gray,  Noah,  director  of  Carp  River  Iron  Co,  bds.  N.  Wratern. 

Gray,  W.  A.  explorer,  5th,  near  Bluff. 

Greble,  John  W.  engineer,  Washiigton,  near  4th. 

Greble,  Josiah,  tinner,  Washington,  near  4th, 

Greble,  John,  laborer,  Washington,  near  4th. 

Greble,  Richard,  boiler  maker,  Washington,  near  4th. 
Greble,  Charles,  tinner,  Washington,  near  4th. 


BKAHD's   DinECTOUy   of   MAUQUErrE   COUNTY.  47 


J.  W.  WATSON  ft  SON'S     * 


Or«at  Wholesale  and  Setall 


pMl^^Iiilf^ 


f^ 


DRY  GOODS, 


Groceries  and  ProrisioaSj 

C01\lf£CT!01\(£!lY, 


Boots  and   ShoesO    ^ 


TOYS,  YANKEE  NOTIONS,  Etc. 


Watson  31ock, 


MARQUETTE,  Mich. 


E<l" 


1,4 


Ml 


witf"'    '  iri>w">iii  ■> 


48  IIKAUD'h    DIUECTOHY   OF   MABQtJSTTE   COUNTY. 


TUB 


tntnn 


MARQUETTE,  L.  S.,  MICH. 


-PUBMHHKD    BY — 


THE  MINING  JOURNAL  GO. 

Subscription,  $3.00  per  Annum, 

IN    ADVANCE. 


'''«J)he     Mining    Journal    is   a   large,    hand- 

r*      somely    printed    twelve    page    first    class 

(§//     paper.       It    circulates    largely    through    the 

%,  ^    iron,  mining  and  manufacturing  district,  and 

is    the    acknowledged    exponent    of    the    iron     and 

manufacturing  interests  of  the  Northwest. 

As  an  advertising  medium,  the  Journal    is  unex- 
celled. 

Advertising  rates  furnished  on  application  by  letter 

or  otherwise. 

» 

THE  MINING  JOURNAL  (30. 

mmm  |®b  ftinftirs,  Mok  lloleip^, 

AND  BLANK  BOOK  MANUFACTURERS. 
Every  class  of  work  executed  with  neatness  and  dbpatch. 


»->..*-*tiiUlt^4fi*^<Wi'wiHrtfe«iiri"'HMtWttAi^1St^,ipi^- 


fNTY. 


UEAKD'h   UIBECrOHY  OK   MAHgUKTl'K   COUNTY. 


49 


Gregory,  Henry,  builder,  comer  4th  and  Ridge. 

Green,  Alf.  architect  und   manager,  L.  8,  Building  Co.,  red. 

corner  Arch  and  Pine. 
Cireen,  William,  engineer,  .Superior,  near  4th. 
( Jrcen,  Ned,  laborer,  Travelera'  Home. 
Green.  G.  W.  Arch,  E.  of  Front. 
Green,  Frai:k  A.  Arch,  E.  ot  Front. 
Green,  Samuel,  tailor,  Bluff,  near  4lh. 
Greenhart,  Frank,  brakeman,  Bluff,  near  4th. 
(ireenwald,  Mich,  stone-cutter,  '.id,  near  Washington. 
Grecnwald,  Frank,  marble  works,  3d  near  Washington. 
Grirtin,  Ed.  mason,  Washington,  near  Front. 
Griffonl,  Joseph,  gas-litter,  Superior,  near  4th. 
Gries,  M.  boots  and  shoes,  cor.  Front  and  Spring,  res.  Rock,  near 

Front. 
(Jrinnell,  James  H.  dentist,  rear  Coles  Plouse. 
Gruner,  A.  G.  bookbinder,  bds.  Natioiuil  Hotel. 
Gastaperson,  Andrew,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 
Gutke,  Ludwig,  laborer.  Bluff,  near  5th. 


1.-  '> 


PHif 


is  unex- 


lon  by  letter 


H 

TT ADDLE,  William,  laborer,  corner  Washington  and  5th. 

•■-  -1   Hadley.  David,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Hadley  James  M.  carpenter,  corner  5th  and  Bluff. 

Hagelin,  James,  blacksmith.  Bluff,  near  5th. 

Hagelin,  E.  bartender,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Hager,  G.  A.  upholsterer.  Lake,  near  R.  mill. 

Haggerty,  M.  saloon,  corner  Front  and  Spring. 

Hagerstom,  C.  A.  carpenter,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Halpin,  Ed.  butcher.  Superior,  near  5th. 

Halpin,  E.  clerk,  at  Pendill  &  Beatty's. 

Halpiu,  D.  clerk,  at  Pendill  &  Beatty's. 

Hallam,  John,  carpenter,  Front. 

Hall,  L.  A.  watchmaker,  Washington,  near  Front. 

Hah,  R.  M.  book-keeper,  city  bank,  6  Ridge,  bet.  Cedar  and 

Spruce. 
Hamm9nd,  C.  F.  carpenter,  c>jr.  Washington  and  7th, 


^"■y 


M 


HKAltUH    UlllKtrroilY   OF   MABQUBTIE  COUNTY. 


Ilapguo*!,.!.  iiiachiuiHt,  7th,  near  Rook. 

Hanfonl,  John,  Arch,  E.  of  Front. 

Hanft,  Philip,  laborer,  VVaahington.  near  4th. 

llanley,  John,  laborer,  Washington,  bet.  'M  and  4th. 

Hannah,  Sidney,  laborer,  Lake,  near  R.  mill. 

Han.ton,  8  butcher,  VVashing'.on,  bet.  4th  and  5th. 

Hansen,  Swan,  laborer,  cor.  Superior  and  .{d. 

HauHcn,  Charles,  cor.  Lake  and  Superior. 

Hardy.  E.  S.  probate  judge   and    harborniaBter,  rcH.   Front 

near  Ridge. 
Harlow,  Andrew  R.  lumber  dealer,  4th  and  R.  R.  track,  residea 

Front,  near  Ridge. 

Harnian, ,  painter,  5th,  near  BlufF. 

Harrington,  John,  laborer,  Ridge,  E.  of  Front. 

Harrington,  Philip,  laborer,  Travelers'  Home 

Harrington,  Jerry,  laborer,  Arch  St. 

Harrington,  Con.  laborer,  Ridge,  E.  of  Fror 

Harrington,  Mich,  laborer,  Franklin  Houh 

Harris,  Wra.  clerk  at  Pendill  &  Beatty's. 

Harris,  Isaiah,  machinist.  Front,  near  Arch. 

Harrison,  John  F.  Fisher,  near  Front. 

Harvey,  James,  Arch,  E.  of  Front. 

Lassie,  John,  engineer.  Bluff  near  5th. 

Hasselvist,  Abe,  laborer,  cor.  Superior  and  3d. 

Hastings,  Thomas,  Rock,  near  3d. 

Hatch,  P>nest,  billiard  rooms,  Coles  House. 

Hatcher,  Edmond,  blacksmith,  Bluff,  near  7th. 

Hav'kinson,  N.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Fiont. 

Hawkinson,  Peter,  boarding  bouse,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Hays,  Vic.  laborer.  Travelers'  Home. 

Hays,  Philip,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Hays,  Thomas,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Haynes,  C.  H.  moulder.  Bluff,  near  4th.  »» 

Haynes,  Henry,  boiler  maker,  Bluff,  near  4th. 

Hefferman,  Thomas,  contractor,  3d,  near  Genesee. 

Helmert,  John,  fireman,  tug  Dudley,  res.  Lake  near  R.  mill. 

Henderson,  L.  F.  laborer,  cor.  Washington  and  5th. 


%s 


iJ'^^^MsMm^-niiniKtiina^t 


m Jil'ilriiNnwli'i 


ry." 


JNTY. 


BRAHD'h    DIKErTORY   OF    MAIigrKTTE   CorNTY.  CA 


th. 


3r,  rcH.    Front 
.  truck,  resides 


Front. 


Iroi  Si;  Poiidry. 


\km  Soier  Wirks. 


D.  H.  MERRITT, 


PBOPRIliTOR. 


AKA.IVTTVA.O'X^TmxiKI.     OV 


Steam  Engines, 

BOILERS, 


Blast  Furnace,  Uining  |  Mill  Uachinery, 


IRON  AND  BRASS  CASTINGS. 


rARTICULAR  ATTKMTIOjY  GI\KX   TO  RKlUni- 
im}  AMD  GENERAL  JOB  WORK: 


Lake  St.  from  MwE  t©  Wasliiieg-tora, 

MARQUFTTE,  MICH. 


■jS^^ 


msm 


Wiiiifi'fiiiiinr'riii  iii'i  ■'i'-|iim«MiiHwiiji%i"ilii'<i<  'iV' >'«'' "iiiyi'' 


ml^r|l^^^l|ljllll:|||llij(|li)^M)iji|f>l^ili^)^nT||lg 


52  BF.AUd's    DlJiKCTDUY   OF   MAllQUETTE   COVNTY. 


G.  N.  CONKLIN, 


JEWEiLEB 


FINE  GOODS  A  SPECIALTY. 


i 


Tourists  are  inmted  to  call 
wmifie  my  stock  of 


ex- 


Late  SHperioriForeip  Siiecmefls, 


INDIAN  CURIOSITIES,  ETC. 


The  Finest  Collection  on  Lake  Superior. 


wm 


beard's   directory   of  MARQUETTE   COUNTX. 


53 


Hegan,  F.  O.  boots  aud  shoes,  Superior,  near  Front,  res.  Rock 

near  Front. 
Heineman,  Ed.  laborer,  Washington,  near  3d. 
Hendrick,  H.  B- jeweler,  cor.  Michigan  and  4th. 
Hennesey,  Michael,  laborer,  7th,  near  Ridge. 
Hansel,  Charles,  laborer,  cor.  3d  and  Washington. 
Herbst,  Fred,  laborer,  cor.  Wash,   and  5th. 

Herman, ,  shoemaker,  bds.  P.  P.  Brimacombe. 

Herbert,  J.  boarding  house,  Rock,  near  3d. 
Hesse,  Herman,  laborer,  cor.  Bluffand  7th. 
Hetier,  Moyse,  brakeman,  cor.  4th  and  Washington. 
Heyn,  Barthold,  clerk,  bds.  Ridge,  near  Front. 
Hicks,  J.  C.  local  editor  Mining  Journal. 
Hicks,  William,  carpenter,  cor  5th  and  Blufl". 
Hickey  Luke,  carpenter,  5th,  near  Bluff- 
Highland,  James,  laborer,  cor.  3d  and  Superior. 
Hillsdale,  Wm.  clerk.  Bluff,  near  Front. 
Hinckley,  Michael,  cutter,  Superior,  nea'r  3d. 
Hirsch,  John,  laborer,  Michigan,  near  4th. 
Hocking,  John,  miner,  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Hodeer,  C.  N.  National  Hotel. 
Hodge,  Charles,  printer,  Journal  office. 
Hoffman,  Peter,  laborer,  cor.  3d  and  Washington. 
Hogau,  Ed.  teamster,  Fisher,  near  4th. 
Hogan,  John,  teamster.  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Hoggerty,  Wm.  boiler  maker,  cor.  Front  and  Mich. 
Holden,  John,  blacksmith,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Holden,  James,  laborer,  «Vashington,  near  7th. 
Hollister,  Robert,  clerk,  boards  Tremont. 
Hollister,  W.  R.  Clerk,  boards  Tremont. 
Hollister,  Miss  Sophie,  dressmaker.  Front,  near  Wash. 
Holt,  Cyrus,  moulder,  6th,  near  Bluff. 
Homer  George,  musician,  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Hood,  John,  fireman.  Bluff,  near  Front. 
Hope,  Henry,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Hopkins,  J.        ^      ,^     ,  „  iir     i  •     . 

,    '  ,  .       TT   T   (      Hardware,  Front,  near  Washmgton. 
Hopkins,  H.  J.  ) 


„£j<).4MSiMl«>k.u„.u»dl 


.<<jWiiat'ii5Piyi''i'iVf<w4i>f»'W''i^Mitii'^W»ii-tfV».r^^ 


■»n  i.»'<iMn  .■iiHIWirii-  ijiiWWIcy'iiVH'''  »yijlli#» 


54 


beabd's  dibectoby  op  mabquette  coukty. 


Hopkins,  Samuel,  painter,  foot  Spring,  boards  Tremont. 
Hotop,  L.  Grocer,  corner  Washington  and  3d. 
Howe,  Wra.  painter,  3d,  near  Rock. 

L.nve, ,  laborer,  corner  Washington  and  5th. 

Hughes,  Michael,  laborer,  Michigan  House. 

Hughes,  Joseph,  laborer,  bds.  Travelers'  Home. 

Hume,  Peter,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Humphrey,  8.  D.  physician,  Washington,  near  Front. 

Hunt,  Pat.  saddler,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Hunt,  Joseph,  carpenter,  4th,  near  Mich, 

Hunt,  J.  K.,  clerk  at  Tremont. 

Hunt,  H.  H.  prop.  Tremont. 

Hurlburl,  Rev.  C.  E.  Ridge,  near  Cedar. 

Hurlburt,  Capt.  printer,  Journal  oflSce. 

Hurley,  T.  T.  harness  and  trunks,  ^  cor.Front  and  Superior. 

Hurley,  T.  T.  Jr.,  "      "        "        \  re?,,  cor.  Rock  and  4th. 

Hurlick,  Charies,  carpenter,  Wash,  between  3d  and  4th. 

Hurny,  John,  laborer,  corner  Washington  and  5th. 

Huseby,  A.  J.  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Hirsley,  J.  ^ 

Hirsley,  Bur,        ^  Vessel  owners,  Ridge,  near  4th. 

Hirsley,  Wayne,  ) 

I 

ICKSTRUM,  Alfred,  moulder.  Bluff,  near  4th. 
Isler,  Henry,  physician,  corner  3d  and  Bluff. 
Ivey,  J.  machinist,  4th,  near  Michigan. 

Iron  Bay  Foundry*  ^'  H.  Merritt,  prop. 


JACK,  Thomas,  carpenter,  Ridge,  near  7th. 
Jacker,  Max,  Pattern  maker,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Jacobs,  Frank,  carpenter,  corner  4th  and  Washington. 
Jacobs,  Leopold,  porter  Coles  House. 
Jacobs,  John  A.  sup't  stone  quarry,  Hampton,  near  3d. 


i.iiMiiMii"i^''i''ii'wiiltfii< 


iil>'ilMWwfn'?-rn-r'  w- 


)UNTY. 


emont. 


Front. 


BEARD  tJ   WBECroRY    OF   MARQUKri'B   COUNTY.  .W 


SCOVILLE  &  JOHNSON, 

DBAIiBBB  IN 

HARD'WARE 


EVSBSTT'S  BLOCE, 

MARQUETTE,        -       MICHIGAN. 


r« 


d  Superior, 
k  and  4th. 
and  4th. 
th. 


th. 


Pocket  and  Table  Ciitler7,  Carpeoters,   Blacksmiths  and  Ma- 

Shelf  and  Builders'  Hardware,  ehinist's  Tools, 

Nails,  Qlass  and  Bope,  Quns,  Bevolvers, 

Shovels,  7iclcs,  Uattoclcs  and  Spades,  Fowder  and  Shot, 
Hoes,  Bakes  and  Forks,  Fishing  Tackle  of  all  Descriptions, 

Scythes,  Snathes  and  Stones,  Wagon  and  Carriage  Woodwork. 

Chilson's  Brick  and  Portable  Furnaces, 

Can  give  numerous  references  as  to  the     superiority. 

HAND    MTNII««.     ^VMVS. 

Theae  Pumps  are  extensively  used  througlioiit  the  u  m-a,  and  where 

steam  cannot  be  used  are  admirably  adapted  to  tiie  pi     i.wi 

MANUFACTURERS  OF  ALL  KINDS  OF 

T1M5  Copper  and  Sheet  Iron  Wm^r 


near  7tb. 
lingtuu. 

lear  3d. 


PLUMBING.  GAS  AND  STEAM  FITTING 

IN  ALL  ITS  BRANCHKS. 

Chandeliers  and  Plumbing  Material,  Lead,  G 
Pipe  and  Fittings. 

WOOD  AND  COAL  HEATING  AND  COOKING 

C3::^ST0VES. 


if 


r)6  UEAItu's   DIBEOIOHY   OF   MABQUETTK   COUNTY 


JNTY. 


beabd's  dibectoky  of  mabquettk  county. 


r)7 


OR 


i  in 


TING 


.  &  Treas. 


Jackson,  Ed.  Arch,  E.  of  Front. 
Jackson,  Henry,  blacksmith,  6th,  near  Bluff. 
Jackson.  A.  M.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Jackson,  W.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Jackson,  H.  M.  dry  goods,  corner  Front  and  Main. 
Jagger,  Joseph,  gunsmith,  4th,  near  Mich. 

James, ,  car|>enter,  Washington,  near  6th. 

Jammel,  Joe,  saloon,  4th,  near  Mich. 

Jenkins,  C.  S.  clerk,  at  Peudill  «fe  Beatty's. 

Jenkins,  Charles,  R.  mill,  res.  Arch,  near  Front. 

Jenkins,  Charles,  book-keeper,  corner  High  and  Mich. 

Jewell,  Thomas,  foreman  R.  mill,  res.  south  of  mill.  Lake  St. 

Job,  Stephen,  brakeman,  corner  Bluff  and  7th. 

Job,  Elijah,  brakeman,  corner  Bluff  and  7th. 

Johnson,  Andrew,  laborer,  Washington,  near  3d. 

Johnson,  Alex,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Johnson,  Andrew,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Johnson,  August,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Johnson,  Alex.  laborer,  boards  Brown  and  De  Rush. 

Johnson,  Charles,  laborer,  corner  Washington  and  4th. 

Johnson,  Casper,  laborer,  Washington  and  3d. 

Johnson,  C.  bartender,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Johnson,  Charles,  baker,  Tibbets  House. 

Johnson,  Charles,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Johnson,  Chris,  laborer,  corner  Washington  and  3d. 

Johnson,  D.  laborer,  bds.  Brown  &  De  Rush. 

Johnson,  E.  A.  shoemaker,  bds.  T.  P.  Brimacombe. 

Johnson,  Fred.  M.  hardware.  Lake,  near  Northwestern. 

Johnson,  John,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  4th. 

Johnson,  J.  B.  clerk,  Genesee  street. 

Jo  nson,  Henry,  carpenter,  5th,  near  Superior. 

Johnson,  O.  C.  moulder,  Bluff,  near  4th. 

Johnson,  William,  teamster,  Bluff,  near  7th. 

Johnson,  Wm.  clerk  at  Pendill  &  Beatty's. 

Johnson,  Wm.  iireman,  Superior,  near  6th. 

Jones,  J.  J.  clerk,  Ridge  street. 

Jon^,  Jacob,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 


m 


.it^aiMA'i»i>»fiftrii'ir''i<»'>(j"''^i'V^^ 


Jj^^tJCJJMyrt'iiwA^t-" 


•t^ 


1  iili*iriii»n)-«««i  I  riniw.ii  «rt..iiiiral«ii  Wi)llY-.WiWlt>i»ii»ii»Tfnii  jjjiilil^ , 


r)8 


BEAKIJ'S   DIBECTOHY   OF   MABQUEITE   COUNTY. 


Jones,  John  L.  carpenter,  Michigan  HoUse. 
Jones,  James,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Jone.s,  Mrs.  M.  Ridge,  near  Pine. 
Jones,  W.  T.  clerk.  National  Hotel. 
Jory,  John,  Arch,  east  of  Front. 

Jory, ,  painter.  Front,  near  Arch. 

Joslin,  G.  W.  carpenter,  Arch,  near  Front 
Juthill,  J.  printer.  Journal  office. 

K 

KAHLANGE,  John,  carpenter.  Ridge,  near  3d. 
Kaiser,  Michael,  shoemaker,  boards  Washington  House. 
Kaufraanu,  A.  jeweler,  with  Leib. 

Kiinun,  Michael,  boiler  maker,  boards  Superior,  near  3d. 
Kciin,  Thomas,  printer,  boards  Superior. 
Keeley,  James,  laborer,  boards  Naticnal  Hotel. 
Kecley,  Joseph,  laborer,  boards  4th,  near  Fisher. 
Keegun,  Williuni,  laborer,  boards  4th,  near  Bluff. 
Keh lance,  Casper,  porter.  Ridge,  near  3d. 
Keif,  George  W.  book  keeper,  Washington,  near  4th. 
Kelling,  Chris,  limeburner,  Genesee,  near  Lake. 
Kellog,  Charles,  clerk,  boards  Coles'  House. 
Kelly,  William,  painter,  boards  Superior,  near  Front. 
Kelly,  Janiv.  ,  laborer,  3d,  near  Fisher. 

Kempc,  Herman,  cutler,  with  Levy  &  Co.,  res.  Arch,  near  Front. 
Kempe,  John,  assistant  yard  master,  boards  Bluff,  near  5th. 
Kempe,  William,  clerk.  Bluff,  near  Front. 
Kemmel,  William,  laborer,  Washington,  near  5th. 
Kenk,  Frank,  laborer,  boards  Michigan  House. 
Kendy,  J.  laborer,  boards  Central  House. 
Kennedy,  John,  mason,  boards  Central  House. 
Kern,  John,  telegraph  operator  for  W.  L.  Witmore. 
Kern,  John,  foreman  Merchandise  Pier,  res.  Main  street. 
Kibbce,  James  S.  clerk,  boards  3d,  near  Ridge. 
Kidder,  A.  agent  Pittsburg  and  Lake  Angeline  and  Edwards 
mine,  boards  Coles'  House. 


N^^-i*..ar»-j^)»i|?.fr.'«ii^iiir(tii><wfcl^rft(ifo.ji.t;^ 


mm 


^:iiiiVii'ttW'^'''iV''n"'-'"'"^''^"**^'''-''''^^ 


utmmmm 


60  BKAUD'h   DIBKCTOBY   of   MAHyUETTK   COUNTY. 


DR.  J.  A.  DESJARDINS, 


Plfsiciao  3il  Sineii, 


Above  Old  Post  Office  Place, 


Front  Street,      '    UAEQUETTE,  lUcli. 


jFtor  Consultation,  address 


P.   O.  BOX   203, 


Residence  Cor.  Third  and  Rock  Sts. 


~.miMir»i»  ■»'.■■! i>.*»-*-^ 


:~^.  .,^fu..-,>i^^i^)i,m,0t^<uti  i'ntr|njrt)>lni^jtilSi'»nii. 


JNTY. 


MS, 


beard's  uibbctory  of  mabqobttb  county. 


61 


ace, 


Kilroy,  Michael,  laborer,  boards  Bluff,  near  Gth. 

King,  Michael,  shuemaker,  Bluff,  near  3d. 

King,  John,  laborer,  Lake,  near  rolling  mill. 

Kindlaw,  James,  proprietor  Michigan  House. 

Kirlin,  John,  laborer,  Michigan  House. 

Klunian,  Carl,  clerk,  Spring,  near  Front. 

Kiueg,  Heury,  laborer,  Washington,  near  fnh. 

Knightly,  Robert,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

Knox,  Thouiaa,  plasterer,  corner  Lake  and  Superior. 

Koch,  August,  saloon.  Front  street. 

Kreger,  Peter,  stonecutter,  3d,  near  Washington. 

Krerjausen,  James,  corner  4th  and  Washington. 

Krumer,  J   proprietor  Marquette  House. 

Kuhlman,  August,  grocer,  comer  Washington  and  3d. 

Kuhlraan,  Gustav,  clerk,  corner  Washington  and  3d. 

Kuhlman  &  HotOp,  grocers,  corner  Washington  and  Third- 


rS,  Mich. 


ress 


sk  Sts. 


LABATT,  Joseph,  explorer,  Bluff,  near  Lake. 
La  Dross,  Antony,  teamster.  Bluff,  near  4th. 
Lake  Superior  Iron  Co.  S.  P.  Ely,  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 

Lake  Superior  Building  Company. 

Lake,  H.  N.  clei-k  at  Pendell  &  Beatty's. 

Lake  Superior  Powder  Company,  C.  H. Call,  Secy. 

Lamore,  Lewis,  carpenter,  Washington,  west  of  7th. 
Lamar,  Ed.  machinist,  Washington,  near  4th. 
Lamson,  James,  laborer,  boards  Michigan  House. 
Lang,  John  R.  R,  boards  Washington,  near  3d. 
Landrie,  Charles,  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  Washington. 
Larson,  John,  laborer.  Travellers'  Home. 
Larson,  8.  F.  boarding  house,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Larson,  Jacob  E.  tailor,  boards  corner  Spring  and  3d. 
Larasha,  Joe,  saloon.  Front,  near  Superior. 
Larashiel,  S.  laborer,  Fisher,  near  4th. 
Lamed,  Thomas  H.  agent  Collins  mine.  Coles'  House. 
Larry,  Patrick,  laborer,  3d,  near  Lake. 


imm^l^' 


iriWttiiWilttI'  ■  -&'.Mrt»-aBiai^'iM».  ii^'i,  i.TiWu -|.M>n. 


■liWli  111 


62 


beard's   UIBKCTOIIY   OF   MABQUEIIE   COUNTY. 


Lawler,  John,  brakeman,  4lh,  near  Wa«hingtou. 

Lawler,  Patrick,  brakemau,  Kock,  uear  6th, 

Lawton,  ICd.  lather,  boards  Michigan  House. 

La  Plant,  i'eter,  flagman,  Bluff,  near  5th. 

Ijapland,  John,  carjwnter,  Washington,  west  of  7th, 

Laxsen,  V.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Leary,  Thomas,  laborer,  Superior,  near  3d. 

IjcFav  jur,  H   corner  Fourth  and  Washington. 

LeFdvour,  Lucien,  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  Washington. 

Lehnen,  Frederick,  tinner,  4th,  near  R.  R. 

Lenhald,  Peter,  furnaceman,  WashingtciU,  near  3d. 

lA'8i)erine,  J.  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  Washington. 

Letorinfe-,  Oscar,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Levy,  I.  M.  &  Co.   merchant   tailors  and  clothiers,    Nationa' 

Bank  Building  and  Cole's  Block. 
Levy,  S.  M.  res.  Ridge,  near  Front. 
Levelet,  C.  laborer,  Hampton,  near  rolling  mill. 
Lewis,  J.  C.  surveyor,  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Lewis,  J.  G.  explorer,  Washington,  near  5th. 
Lewis,  N.  B.  explorer,  Washington,  near  5th. 
Liberty,  Godfrey,  teamster,  Washington,  bet.  Front  and  3d. 
Libby,  William  D.  carpenter,  Washington,  west  of  7th. 
Lieb  &  Ritchie,  saloon.  Front  street. 
Lissort,  F.  laborer,  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Lightfu«8,  Charles,  boards  Vibbitt's  House. 
Litchfield,  Geo.  T.  brakeman,  boards  Franklin  House. 
Lobdell,  A.  J.  teamster,  Washington,  near  3d. 
Lobdell,  S.  B.  carpenter,  between  Bluff  and  3d. 
Lodge,  George,  laborer,  boards  Franklin  House, 
Long,  Hiram,  tinner,  Rock,  near  3d. 
London,  Charles,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Longtime,  Oliver,  boarding  house,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Longtime,  Ezra,  laborer.  Lake,  near  Furnace. 
Loork,  Peter,  laborer,  boards  at  Brown  &  DeRush's. 
Lowe,  William  F  shoemaker,  Fisher,  near  3d. 
Ludlam,  J.  L.,  M.  H.  &  O.  Land  Office,  boards  N.  W.  Hotel. 
Luke,  James,  miner.  Ridge,  near  water  works. 


■^j.  ^l^asH^/.^^  f^H^wfcWflffirtW  )f  as.  - . 


OEAHD'h   WIlECTOBY   OF   MABgUKlTE   (BOUNTY.  f)3 


EXCELSTOn 


imm  pilfer 


FREEMAN  &  BRO.,  Prop's. 


CarriapsJlPsiSaiflle  Horses 


TO  LET  AT  REASONABLE  RATES. 


FISHING  PAMTIBS^O 


Supplied  with  Conveyances  and  Guides  to  the  best  Fish- 
ing Grounds. 


IVearly  OppoNtte  the 

First  IVatlonal  Bank, 


Marquette,  Mich. 


fliSr  Tourists  visiting  Marquette  are  \iuviteii  to  (•(ill 
anrl  cxdrnine  our  stock,  find  cdti  rest  assured  that 
their  wants  can  be  fully  complied  with  at  all  hours. 


w 


infitmtiiti  111!  niri'i  !'"■■  i''i«""    rnwiiMT-ii', 


fU  HKAKD'h    ItlUKcrroUY   ok   llAIiyUElTK   COUNTY. 


HENRY  L  GAY  ft  CO. 


^>/'  iifjoi'f  firm,  lof'itted  in 


-.-^CITY  OF  MARQUETTE. 


HENRY  L.  GAY, 

90  Lasalle  Street^        CHICAGO,  III. 


4 


mi  Ij^niMxnAUm 


-PRKPAREU    FOR- 


Public  Buildings,  Churches,  School  Houses,  Hotels, 
and  Private  Residences. 


OFFIC£,  WATSON   BLOCK, 

MARQUETTE,  MICHIGAN 


■•|^^i.»n>iii;i.ffl^)W>jV'<,-nri»i^tga^^  - 


NTY. 


REARDR    DIRECTORY   OF   MARQURTTE   COUNTY. 


65 


TE. 


lIlMI^ 


ses,  Hotels, 


liiiixltrom,  (/harlea,  proprietor  0(K»(Ioiiough  Homo. 

Liitzio,  H.  O.  prinUir,  Uiiigc,  near  4th. 

Lynn,  Col.  B.  F.  II.  mining  editor  Mining  Journal,  bdti.  Huinmit 

I  lout  e. 
Lyon,  Faruhuni,  proprietor  North  Western. 
LyoHK,  H.  I),  car  builder,  Bridge,  near  Blaker. 

• 

M 

MACY,  Joseph,  laborer,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Macy,  Tim.  carpenter,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Macy,  Jame.-*,  brakcinaii.  corner  4th  and  Bluff. 
ALickey,  James,  brakeman,  corner  7th  and  Superior. 
MachtS,  A.  grocer,  old  P.  O.  block,  res.  corner   Front  and 

Fisher. 
Mfii^k,  John,  laborer,  corner  4th  and  Fisher. 
Mack,  John,  contractor,  corner  Washington  and  Front. 
Maciway,  Walter,  brakeman,  Washington,  near  4th. 
Mdhan,  W.  A.  engineer,  Washington,  near  6th. 
Maher,  Iludias,  lai)orer,  Bluff,  near  7th. 
Mahoii,  William,  furniture,  Spruce. 
Mahon  &  Wyckoff.  furniture.  Masonic  building. 
Mahony,  John,  laborer,  corner  Front  and  Spring. 
Main,  Eph.  laborer,  Lake,  near  Bluff. 
Main,  Madi.son,  fireman,  Luke,  near  Bluff. 

Maitlaud,  Fred,  book-keeper  Mining  Journal,  bds.  Summit  Houae^ 
Malburg,  William,  teamster,  Washington  House. 
Mailman,  A.  J.  clerk,  Front  street. 
Mallory,  James,  blacksmith,  Superior,  near  5th. 
Mallory,  Pat.  machinist,  Superior,  near  5th. 
Mancher,  Louis,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Washington. 
Mander,  Andrew,  butcher,  corner  3d  and  Washington. 
Manhard,  M.  R.  clerk,  corner  Front  and  Arch. 

Mapes, ,  attorney,  Arch. 

Marey,  Pat.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Marine  Boiler   Works,  D.  H.   Merritt,  J.  C.  Morse  &  James 

Picands,  Lake  Street. 


i#Biia'i«'ig»'Sl'''v.i'iifi'ir.iMii,ffii)i'Vr^ 


^yfc;„,tfj(iy.iiiiiii-iHi.ai'iT. 


■wmv-y'i'<M:-»iikig»,iii»^iSli^]fiS^v 


"■>)1!«T|#Sk»»-».   . 


<\H 


UEABD's   DUIECTOKY   OF   MAUyUETTE   COUNTY. 


Marian,  P.  corner  Fourth  and  Blutf. 

Marks,  Aug.  brewer,  corner  3d  and  Spring. 

Marquette,  Houghton  &  Ontonagon  R.  R..  D.  H.  Merritt,  Bup't. 

Marquette,  Houghton  &  Ontonagon  R.  R.  Telegraph  Line,  D.  H. 

Merritt,  Superintendent. 
Marquette  &  Pai;ific  Rolling  Mill,  Lake  st. 
Marquette  IVOn  Co.  I-  C.  Mor.-e,  General  Agent. 
Maiqueite  Brown  Stone  Co.  Sidney  Adams,  Managing 

Director. 
Marquette  Coal  Co-  James  Picands,  Agent. 
Miiran,  Ed.  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  Washington, 
"lartin,  W.  R.  printer,  National  House 
Martin,  Robert,  clerk.  Arch,  near  Spruce. 
Martin,  Henry,  First  National  Bank,  Ridge,  near  Cedar. 
Marx,  Aug.  grocer,  Fisher,  near  Front. 
Masters,  Alex,  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  Washington. 
Mason,  James,  blacksmith,  boards  at  Brown  &  DeRust's. 
Mathews,  Thomas,  brakeman,  Washington,  near  6th. 
Mailiews,  Abe,  explorer,  4th,  near  Ridge. 
Maxon,  Natluvn,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  7th. 

May,  William,  upholsterer,  Washington,  ner  r  7th. 

Maynard,  JUL.  H.  Manager  Gas  I^iglit  Co.  and  Marquette 
Brown  .S'ont"  Co.,  Sec'y  Huron  Bay  Slate  and  Iron  Co. 
Office,  over  StHH'i>rd'8,  res.  Ridge. 

McAndrew,  B.  laborer,  bds.  Michigan  House. 

McAndrew,  Thomas,  clerk,  boards  Bluff,  near  3d. 

McAllum,  John  T.  clerk.  Arch  street. 

McAllister,  George,  book-keeper,  Spruce  street. 

McArren,  Tim,  laboi-er,  Superior,  near  Front. 

McBride, ,  saloon.  Lake,  near  rolling  mill. 

McConnell,  D.  A.  clerk,  Spruce  street 

McConnell,  Waither,  farmer,  corner  Front  and  BluiT. 

McCarty, ,  carpenter,  Washington,  west  of  7ta. 

McCarty,  William,  laborer,  Hampton,  near  rolling  mill. 

McCarty,  John,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

McCarthy,  John,  printer,  Journal  office. 

McChesney,  John,  carpenter,  corner  Front  and  High. 


■\fiiiii^fH^i'iftlihi^S^nhi ' 


p? 


I^W$iMWSfiyt;#Mi#^figi'i»'i.\r^^^^^^^^ 


■,iiT»yifira.Wai)M)^.,T 


M 


68  BEAKD'h   DIKEClOliV   OF   MAUQUETTE   t:OUNTY. 


WETMORE  «c  BRO 


DEAIiEBB   IN- 


Staple  and  Fancy 


PRY    OrOODS. 


GEOCERIES,  PROVISIONS, 


WmJp  imlM.^ 


Adams   Blocks 


iij^mnOTfi,  I.,  i., 


Goods  Shipped  on  Order  to  any  part 
of  the  County. 


,  .^.^  ^>«^,^..— .j^,  •     ■  - .1  - -,t:,  ■  s_.g?it-{«tO^'^  '^tSK*'  ■^^^^|^^r^^■^^*^^<gfc»*^^^■'£wl»---^ 


f-: 


w^mmmmmmmmiifm. 


NTY. 


BEAKD'h   niRECTOBY   OS    MARQUETrK   COUNTY. 


6i) 


RO. 


'■y 


■s, 


any  part 


Mi'Cabe,  Jr)hiu,  blacksmith,  Fisher,  near  Front. 
McCoraiick;  William,  fireman,  Kock,  near  3d. 
MoClaiii,  Pat,  brakeman,  Michigan  House. 

McComber  Iron  Co.  Jay  C.  Morse,  Agent. 

McDonald,  Allen,  carpenter,  corner  High  and  Mich. 

McDonald,  William,  carpenter,  corner  High  and  Mich. 

McDonald,  John,  engineer.  Bluff,  near  5th, 

McDonald,  M.  P.  carpenter,  Ridge,  near  water  works. 

McDonuld,  WilHara,  laborer,  Michigan  House. 

McDonald,  Murdict,  carpenter,  corner  6th  and  Wash. 

McFarland,  John,  Bluff,  near  3d. 

McFariand,  Charles,  printer,  Journal  office. 

McGregor,  H.  C.  Arch,  east  of  Front, 

McGregor,  Jason,  asst.  supt.  P.  R.  R.,  res.  Front,  near  Ridge. 

McGunn,  John,  Carpenter,  6th,  near  Bluff. 

MoGilbony,  Malcolm,  laborer,  5th,  near  Bluff. 

McGillimau,  teamster,  Bluff,  near  4th. 

Mclnnes,  Neil,  laborer,  corner  High  and  Arch. 

Mcintosh,  William,  v!arj>enter,  Bluff,  near  4th. 

McKenzie,  Heniy,  hemlock  bark  extractor,  Ridge  street. 

McKinnon,  Donald,  laborer,  6th,  near  Wash. 

McKinnon,  John,  mill  hand,  6th,  near  Wash. 

McKinnon,  Neil,  carpenter,  6th,  near  Wash. 

McKinnon,  Alex  carpenter,  6th,  near  Wash. 

McKinnon,  Archibald,  clerk,  Gth,  near  Wa.sh. 

McKinley,  Robert,  exilorer,  4th  near  Ridge. 

McKov,  Alex,  laborer,  .\ationai  .House. 

McLui    hlin,  Henry,  laborer,  Fisher,  near  5th. 

McLau^   Hn,  T.  laborer,  corner  Front  and  Spring. 

McLain,       ma.son,  corner  Washington  and  4th. 

McLain,  i     nry,  weigher's  office,  Washington,  west  of  7th. 

McLain,  Daniel,  machinist,  Washington,  west  of  7th. 

McMercer,  James,  boiler  maker. 

McMaher,  lime  burner.  Rock,  near  4th. 

McNamara,  T.  ooarding  house.  Spring,  near  Front. 

McNamara,  John  J.  carpenter,  Michigan,  near  High. 

McNab,  C.  engineer,  corner  Washington  and  6th. 


II 


fui.t/ihiy*nt  t«»kii»uv.*(» 


■>l1>'?r;- 


rgayS'Sil^isi.^^lija<ii>yaewiw-^.'^i.'as-- 


illS8Sl?yS><(Li>''i""i'i|>l    •      i|inM|*""ill'Wti 


'T^ 


70 


BEABD'h   UIRECTOUY   of   MABQUEITE   COUNTY. 


m 


McNulty,  John,  grocer,  corner  Front  and  Mich. 

McNulty,  James,  laborer,  corner  Front  and  Mich. 

McNulty,  Mathew,  laborer,  Arch  street. 

McPherson,  Peter,  laborer,  Superior,  near  4th. 

McPherson,  Alexander,  laborer,  boards  with  J.  W.  Watson. 

McQuay,  William,  clerk,  3d,  near  Bluff. 

McRae,  James,  Bluff,  near  6th. 

McRae,  James,  Jr.  blacksmith.  Bluff,  near  6th. 

McRae,  W.  B.  clerk. 

McVean,  John,  yardniaster,  corner  3d  and  Wash. 

Meads,  T.  variety  store.  Front,  near  Superior,  boards  Cole's 

House. 
Meer,  Mi  laborer,  corner  Washini^ton  and  6th. 
Megan,  C.  laborer,  Bluff,  near  5tU. 
Mehan,  John,  laborer.  Arch. 
Melody,  James,  blacksmith,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Miller,  N.  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  Washington. 
Merrett,  William,  laborer,  Travellers'  Home. 
Merrett,  Alf.  brakeman,  corner  5th  and  Washington. 
Merrett,  Frank,  cierk  at  Pendill  &  Beatty's. 
Merrett,  D.  H.  Superintendent  M.  H  &  O.  R.  R.,  res.  corner 

Front  and  Ridge. 
Messe-,  Joseph,  Washington,  near  7tb. 
Messer,  Isaac,  brakeman,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Meyer,  Herman,  tailor,  Fisher,  near  Front. 
Michalowsky,  Louis,  dry  goods,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Michigan  House,  J.  Kindlaw,  proprietor. 
Miciile,  Mitchel,  carpenter,  Washington,  bet.  4th  and  5tb. 
Miller,  Robert,  laborer,  corner  Washington  and  Fourth. 
Miller,  Pat.  plasterer,  Clentral  House. 
Miller,  Fred,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Washington. 
Mills,  Henry,  fiaheiman,  Ridge,  near  water  works. 
Miner,  D.  laborer,  Hampton  near  3d. 
MINING  JOURNAL  CO. 
Moffat,  Cliem,  laborer,  Superior  near  6th. 
Molleu,  William,  laborer.  National  House. 
MoUen,  Michael,  laborer.  National  House. 


V< 


;nty. 


IlEAKDH   DIBEOTOBY   OF   MARQUETTE   OOUNTY.  71 


SFECIUENS,  CURIOSITIES, 


Watson. 


$'l#lil«i^  f  ^elfle 


-ANI)- 


boarda  Cole's 


on. 


R.,  res.  corner 


>nt. 

md  5tb. 
'ourth. 


^v 


GENERAL    MEROHAnOISE 


-AT- 


MEAD'S 


'Ws  mm 


MUSEUM  AND  VARIETY 


s  "ir  o  m  j^ . 


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lt:;ffyy?^"f*^'^"  '■^■^''^  ■''^^^^'■''-'■■'^'lii^Pif'''^  f«,.;.w:..«j. 


72  HKAltn'H   DIHECTOBY    OK   MABQUETTE   COCNTY 


foo  A 


House  Furnishing  Goods, 


OFFICE  FURNITURE  A  SPECIALTY. 


Masonic  Building,  Front  Street, 

MARQUETTE,      MICHIGAN. 


■  ■■-•--'  'rPr"''^-t"'1gtf'^:"'^-~."'  '''-,''^;'~^i^^^.'T^'*^^^f^'-:.'"^^''i  ?^j  'i"'.!^.y*  *  ■^^- : 


DNTY. 


HKAUU'S   DIRECTOUY   OF   MAUyUETrE   COUNTY. 


73 


l.  WYOKOPF. 


9i 


>. 


ALTY. 


IGAN. 


MINING  JOURNAL,  a  firet-class  12-8heet  paper,  of  large 
circulation.  Subscription,  $3.00  per  year.  A  very  superior 
iMlvertising  medium.     Main  street. 

Modie,  W.  J.  clerk,  Washington,  near  Front. 

Mooie,  T.  H.  barber,  waiter  Cole's  House. 

Moore,  Terancc,  P.  M.  res.  Superior,  near  Cathedral. 

Moore,  Frank,  carpenter,  6th,  near  Bluff. 

Moore,  Frank,  county  clerk,  4th,  near  Bluff. 

Monui,  M.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Moran,  John,  moulder,  corner  7th  and  Ridge. 

Moran,  Mike,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front 

Moran,  E.l.  laWtrer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Morgan,  Philip,  sup't  water  works,  res.  Hampton,  near  3d. 

Mor<^an,  John,  puddler,  Hampton,  near  School. 

Morgan,  Thomas,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  3d. 

Morgan  Iron  Co.  S.  P.  Ely,  Sec'y  and  Treasurer. 

Moriarty,  Thomas,  plumber,  corner  Fisher  and  4th. 

Moriarty,  Jivhn,  painter,  corner  Fisher  and  4th. 

Morri.son,  Charles,  shoemaker,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 

iMorse,  Mrs.  M.  E.,  Ridge,  east  of  Front. 

Morse,  J.  C,  agent  McCumber  Iron  Co.,  Bluff,  near 

Front. 
Mosher,  Alex,  laborer,  Washington,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 
Mosher,  James  E.  teamster,  3d,  near  Arch. 
Moussarr,  Frank,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Mowers,  William,  carpenter,  corner  Washington  and  5lh. 
Moyer,  Joseph,  laborer,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Muland,  Tl^omas,  carpenter,  corner  5th  and  Washington. 
Mulligan,  Alvin,  brakeman,  Ridge,  near  7th. 
Mulligan,  Henry,  carpenter.  Ridge,  near  7th. 
Munday,  Sam.  teamster,  corner  4th  and  Bluff. 
Munroe,  Benjamin,  teamster,  Fisher,  near  Front. 
Munroe,  C.  clerk  at  Pendill  «fe  Beatty's. 
Murdock,  Henry,  boiler  maker,  Lake,  near  Bluff. 
Murphy,  Dan.  clerk,  boards  at  Summit  House. 
Murphy,  John,  laborer.  Ridge,  near  3d. 
Murray,  David,  grocer.  Ridge  near  Blaker. 


fflSi>*tJWyigf)'J>»c?i!| 


lpipP^|iJ3git.iifS^.^Sir>ss^^ 


iWtfe" 


74         beaiid'h  DiREfrrouy  of  mauqukite  county. 


Murray  &  Robbins,  grocers,  Wat«on  block. 

Murray.  Cyrille,  laborer,  4th,  near  Bluff. 

Muriha,  Put  boarding  house,  Superior,  near  Front. 

N 

j^TAEHR,  F.  P.  proprietor  Summit  House. 

■i-^    Nail,  Sanford,  fisherman,  Bluff,  near  4th. 

Neals,  L.  M  blacksmith,  bds.  Brown  A  DeRush. 

Negengast,  Fred,  mason.  Bluff,  near  Sth. 

Neidham,  L.  B.  Lake,  near  Bluff. 

Neidhart,  B.  hardware,  -?ront,  near  Superior,  res.  Washing- 
ton, near  4th, 
Nelson,  James,  Arch,  east  of  Front. 
Nelson,  Gust,  miner,  corner  6th  and  Bluff. 
Nelson,  Peter,  laborer,  Washington,  n<?ar  3d. 
Nelson,  N.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Nelson,  Ole,  laborer,  Michigan  House.. 
Newman,  John,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Nido,  Peter,  brakeman,  Washington,  near  7th, 
Nielson,  James,  wholesale  cigars  and  liquors,  Main,  near  Front. 
Nillson,  John,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Noble,  H.  W.  foreman  R.  R.,  comer  Washington  and  Third. 
Nobles,  Henry,  corner  4th  and  Bluff. 
Nonner,  Andrew,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Rock. 
Norman,  Peter,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Northrup,  G.  J.  physician,  Ridge,  near  Blaker. 
Norval,  Freeman,  Cole's  House. 
Northwestern  Hotel,  Farnham  Lyon,  proprietor. 


1 


O 

OAK,  George  W.  explorer.  Keystone  House. 
Oakes,  James,  blacksmith,  corner  6th  and  BiuH". 
Oakes,  Daniel,  blacksmith,  corner  6th  and  Bluff. 
O'Brien,  John,  teamster,  Fisher,  near  4th. 
O'Brien,  William,  laborer,  Rock,  near  5th. 


\^ 


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Tor-!tft«S'^;asg^l^^r-^f^'^tijg?ss^i-^a-i'g4i^ 


D* 


MWM 


beard's   directory   op  MARQUETTE  COUNTY.  75 


« 4«  m^mmm 


DXAIiKB  IN 


FASHIONABLE 


iiiiEi  Mm%% 


DRESS    GOODS, 


f) 


OLO^EJS, 


9 


HAIR  GOODS, 


Sto.,    Eto. 


t  street,  opposite  Coles  Moise, 


MARQUETTE,    MICH 


MWrt.i.Hh'ii^lIife'^Jl     .  ■'''»»^i.iVwii!^^i<atii'«'   'mr.^-3^,ni,^:„^  :SiV.f!'i:    M:ai.lr     .  ifira>a^Mi4'n'i  iinir!''gM»i'|iiii|i,M)|i. 


7G  BEAUD'h    DIUECrORY   OF   MAKQl'ErrE   COUNTY. 


JOHN  W.  AMFHLBTT. 


J.  B.  QUILBAULT 


JOHN  W.  AMPHLETT  &.  CO., 


^WHOLKSaLK  DKAl-KRS   IN. 


fiOCR'I.Vtih.iM  AJ^'i)  OHIO 


STOl^E 


£ 


6-  z;  j1  ss  a  .yd  s  •/  ojvB 


"^t 


AND 


HAMW«  YASES, 


553   JEFF'ER.SOIV    A\   I^IVUK, 


Betroit,  Ificli, 


OUNTY. 


BEAHliH   DIKEOTOBY   OP   MABQUErrK    i  OUNTY. 


77 


].  QUILBAULT 


CO., 


'O 


O'Ony,  Put.  laborer,  TrBvellere'  Hume. 

()glenby,  (ieorge  A.  gas  htter,  Spruce. 

*  )'Hurtt,  John,  laborer,  Travellers'  Home. 

( )KeeHi',  George,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Watson  block,  re«.  corner 

4th  and  Huperior. 
O'Kief,  M.  laborer,  Travellers'  Home. 
O'Kief,  Pat.  proprietor  Tavcllers'  iloiue. 
Olcotl,  H.  Su|)erintendeut  Co.  Schools,  res.  coiner  Front  and 

Bind: 
Olds,  Mortimer,  res.  water  works.* 
O'Jveary,  John,  labor  r,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Olesou,  John,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Oleson,  Ole,  laborer,  corner  BlufT  and  3d, 
O'Mara,  Pierce,  laborer.  Rock,  near  5th. 
( )'Mara,  M.  laborer,  TravellerH'  Home. 
O'Niel,  O.  laborer,  Hampton,  near  rolling  mill. 
O'Neil,  Hugh,  deputy  collector.  Burst  Bros.'  building. 
O'Neil,  Pat.  laborer,  Franklin  House. 
N'Iseil,  Mich,  laborer,  Superior,  near  3d. 
O'Neil,  Jerry,  Franklin  House. 

O'Neil,  William,  blacksmith,  corner  Ith  and  Washington. 
O'Neil,  John,  laborer.  Bluff,  near  5th. 
C'Neil,  Mathew,  blacksmith,  corner  Washington  and  7th. 
Orschel,  Herman,  clerk,  Ridge,  near  Front. 
Osborn,  C.  Y,  manager  Mining  Journal,  boards  Cole's  House. 
Osborne,  Albert,  telegraph  operator,  Washington,  near  3d. 
Ondotte,  John,  boatkeeper,  Lake,  near  Blurt". 
0\MtiH,  George,  proprietor  Central  House. 
Oxiian,  W.  B.  cabinet  maker,  Washington,  near  6th. 
Oxville,  picture  framer,  Washington,  near  6th. 


PAISLEY, ,  foreman  R.  R.,  Washington,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 
Palmer,  J.  Dwight,  Northern  Iron  Company,  Arch. 
Palmer,  E.  B.  civil  engineer,  Ridge,  near  3d. 
Palmer,  Leander,  Arch,  east  of  Front. 


'■|f9 


78 


nKAUn'H    DIUKCIOBV   OF    MARQl'KTIK   COUNTY. 


Parker,  JaiiieH,  fiHherniuii,  Lake,  near  Superior. 

ParkH  &  Ilayden,  attomcyH,  over  Staffbrd'ii. 

ParkH,  W.  H.  attorney,  Aroh  Htreet. 

Paro,  Angoiiiie,  laundretM,  Michigan,  ea«l  of  Front. 

Parry,  John,  brakenian,  4th,  near  Bluff. 

Patneau,  Tim.  laborer,  4th,  near  Uock. 

Patternon,  J.  H.  clerk,  Cedar. 

Pattenion,  W.  foundry,  Arch. 

Patterson,  William,  explorer,  Keystone  Houne. 

Patterson,  C  i«hoemaker,  boardH  at  T.  P  Briinacouibe's. 

Payette,  H.  laborer,  corner  4th  and  BluB". 

Pearnon,  A.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Prick, ,  clerk,  boards  Tremont  House. 

Pecket,  (J.  NV.  carpenter,  Keystone  House. 
Pelliser,  Ame  de,  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  BluH". 

Pendergart, ,  painter,  r)th,  near  Bluff. 

Fendill  &  Beatty,  general  st  re,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Pengelly,  William,  laborer,  Bluff,  near  6th, 

Peninsular  House,  Charles  Khet,  proprietor. 

Peterson,  Nelson,  boarding  house,  Fisher,  near  3d. 

Peterson,  M.  laborer,  corner  3d  aad  Superior. 

Peterson,  W.  carpenter,  Keystone  House. 

Phelan,  John,  Bluff,  near  4th. 

Philip,  J.  W.  laborer,  Franklin  House. 

PicandS,  JaS.  &  Co.  heavy  hardware,  corner  Superior  aud 

Lake. 
Picands,  James,  hardware,  res.  corner  Bluff  aud  Front 
Picands,  J.  D.,  Arch,  east  of  Front. 

Pierce,  George,  moulder,  Lake,  near  Bluff.  * 

Pine,  William,  explorer,  3d,  near  Washington. 
Pine,  John,  brakeman.  3d,  near  Washington. 
Place,  Hiram,  brakeman,  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Place,  William,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Plumb,  Charles,  laborer,  Franklin  House. 
Pomeroy,  Charles,  fireman,  corner  5th  and  Washington, 
Potter,  Henry,  tailor,  Washington,  near  3d. 
Porter,  John,  grocer,  Washington,  near  7th. 


,,i',jpj:';'.t.',ii|yt:'is:gjjWjtt;iijiW'Vi'^^^ 


ukaud'h  uiitKcrrouv  ok  XAugiKrrK  colnty.  71I 


lY. 


:)e  ». 


Front. 


ton. 


SIIDO.OIMJ.OOO. 

f£T£B  WttlTE, 

/^'O /.'  A  Z  /.    7///['  UK/, /A  /i  A/T 

FIRiE,  lAMKiE  AKIO  LIFE 


j;v  /'///!;  i'VOULix 


Tlie  Liverpool,  Ijondon  anti  Giube  limuiuiice  dmiDHnieH. 

A-^els .      -.- 818,r)0(),(K)(» 

The  Detroit  Fire  luul  Marine    ln8nran<'c   ('onipanv,  of  Detroit, 

Mich. 

Assets    - 827(),()(M) 

The  Tiiiveler's  Ijil'e  tiiid  Accident  Insurance  Company  of  Hart- 
ford, (.y'onn. 

Assets  - «l,r)0(),0()0 

The  Pha-nix  Insurance  Company,  of  Hartford,  Conn. 

Assets - $1,800,000 

The  Home  Insurance  Company  of  New  York. 

Assets 8r),(M)0,000 

The  North   British  and  Mercantile  Inusuriince  Conif>any. 

Capital  (m  jrold) «10,000",000 

The  Underwriter's  Agency  of  New  York. 

Assets --.$4,000,000 

The  /Etna  Insurance  Company  of  Hartford,  Conn. 

AsHets $6,000,000 

The  Insurance  Company  of  North  America,  of  Philadelphia. 

Assets .--' -$8,000,000 

The  Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Company  of  Hartford,  Conn. 

Assets , - $2,600,000 

fhe  Connecticut  Mutual  Life  Ins.  Company  of  Hartford,  Conn 

Assets  -. -.  - .--_"-._ $80,000,000 

The  Mutual  Life  Insurance  Company  of  New  York. 

Assets -.- $40,000,000 

The  Universal  Life  Insurance  C-»mpany  of  New  York. 
Assets  - -. $800,000 


»*«=-'- -...-SfeloL-ifcl'S'-H-V  -.I't^-iS-^y:  .V'-V-rt'  -i-T--'-.- 


■m- 


4i;»f-.u- ■.  ^s>i-<*'-"'^- *■•"'- '■'«*«''.-.«*■■ 


^..^!^■V.■.^illl».'^.w,^^ll'i^i^^^^^l.■^^^^.fa.■..^ f*i  -J^'.^,S-^''-.\:^ii:.^-^':'li:^i^s£^ 


So  UI-.AHD's    UIHECTOBY   of   MABQUEITE   COUNTY. 


INCOBIOEATED  TODEE  THE  LAWS  OF  THE  STATE  OF  MICHKJAN. 


Authorized  CaBital,  $500,000.        Capital  m  in,  $200,000. 


ti 


^^  V 


HmMMnM%W^^^ 


'^^> 


MARQUETTE,   MICH. 

TRANSACT  A  OKNERAL 

Banking  and  Exchange  Business. 


-OFFU'KRS- 


AMBROSE  CAMPBELL,  Pre«'t.  J.  M-   WILKINSON,  CashT. 

EDWARD  BRKITUNG,  Vice  PreH't.         FRED.  M.  STEELE,  A«('t  " 


PARTICULAR  AHENTION  GIVEN  TO  COLLECTIONS, 

Aud  proceetls  promptly  remitted  at  the  current  rates  of  exchange, 
on  day  of  payment. 

}re  sett  "Passage  Tickets  to  and  from  the  Old  Country 
by  the  fikivorite  Lines. 

-ALSO- 

Brafb  m  AM  Farts  of  tlhe  WorW, 

A  T  I'HB  LO  WMST  "RA  TES. 


J>i^  <^tfj«aj  tB'r-J-^teflfcv^^*^.^  ' 


ttta 


*'**^« 


UNTY. 


OF  UICHI&AN. 


in,  $200,000. 


BBABd's   DIBEOTOBY  of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


81 


usiness. 


KINHON,  Cash'r. 
STEELE,  Asi't  " 


lUECTIONS, 

ites  of  exchange, 
Old  Ctuntry 


Porter,  John,  fruits,  etc.,  Front,  near  Arch. 

}Vst,  John,  4th,  near  Bluff. 

Powell,  Edmund,  Arch,  near  Cedar. 

Powell,  Edmund,  jr.  laborer,  Cedar,  near  Arch. 

Pratt,  James,  laborer,  boards  at  Brown  &  DeRush's. 

Prentis,  Allen,  carpenter,  Rock,  near  3d. 

Preston  &  Moore,  barbers,  corner  Front  and  Superior. 

PrestODt  E.  A.  millinery,  Fr'-'it.  near  Washington. 

Pretiton,  G.,  barber,  National  Ht^cel. 

Price,  Joseph,  carpenter,  7th,  near  Rock. 

FriniBaU,  J.  H.  city  recorder,  res.  Superior,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 

Priraeau,  Antoine,  Bluff,  near  Front. 

Frimeau,  Peter,  clerk.  Bluff,  near  Front. 

Probert,  John,  brakeman,  Michigan  House. 

Prouls,  A.  clerk,  Superior,  near  4th. 

Proulx,  Albert,  clerk,  Superior,  near  Court  House. 

Pryor,  Pat.  boiler  maker.  Lake,  near  Bluff. 

Pynn,  Arnold,  switchman,  Washington,  near  7th, 

Pynn,  George,  switchman,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Q 

QUARTER,  John,  Rock,  near  3d. 
Quinn,  Henry,  shoemaker,  Superior,  near  3d. 
(^uinn,  Pat.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Quinn,  Ed.,  Genesee,  near  3d. 
Quinn,  I.,  Genesee,  near  3d, 

R 

RAGUSETT,  Henry,  laborer,  cor.  Fourth  and  Washington. 
Rahn,  Andrew,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Rahn,  Peter,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Rahn,  Carl,  proprietor  Peninsular  House. 

Ralph, ,  saloon,  Lake,  near  rolling  mill. 

Raron,  John,  laborer,  coroer  Spring  and  Front. 
Rayl,  J.  painter,  corner  7tb  and  Washington. 
Reed,  Geo.  W.  livery,  Superior,  near  Front. 


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82 


HEAUD's   DIKECTORY   of   MAaQDETTE   COUNTY. 


Ueediiiger,  Julin,  stock  dealer,  comer  Front  and  Superior. 

Reediiiger,  L.,  meat  market,  curner  Front  and  Superior. 

lieoc,  O.  M.  engineer,  corner  Gtii  and  Wasliington. 

Regan,  John,  laborer,  Michigan  House. 

Reid,  F  T.  b<)ards  with  E.  B   Palni<?r. 

Reiley,  F.  laborer,  corner  8p         and  Front. 

Republic  Iron  Co..  S.  F    i^^iy,  Secretary  and  Trea'^urer, 

SujK'rior  street. 
Rese,  .Voseph,  ship  carpenter,  Superior,  near  oti>. 
Re.se,  Alexander,  ship  carpenter,  Superior,  near  5th. 
Reynolds,  Michae!,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Rheinhardt,  Fred,  laborer.  Ri^ck,  near  Froiit. 
Rhodes,  Henry  C  foreuiau  R.  R.  dock,  boai'd.'j  Tremont  House. 
Rice,  W.  8.  carpenter.  Keystone  Hoitso. 
Rice,  Rev   Father,  res.  rear  Cathedral. 
Richards,  E<1.  engiiK-^r,  Michigan,  near  Cedar. 
Richards,  Jerry,  shoemaker,  opp<xsitc  M.  H.  &  (.).  R.  R. 
Richmond,  James,  sexton,  ?'di,  north  of  Ridge. 
Richter,  (Jharles,  saloon,  res.  Front,  near  Rock. 
Rickels,  George,  wfitchiiian.  Rock,  near  3d. 
RiddfcU.  J.  F.  carpenter,,  Front,  Jiear  Arch. 
Rikey,  John,  laborer,  fttichigan  House. 

Ripka,  A.  A .  general  freight  and  shipping  agent  M.  H.  &  O.  R.  R. 
Kisdon.  E.  B.  saloon,  Washington,  near  4th. 
ilisdon  Bros.  lunch  house,  Superior,  near  Front. 
Ris.  on,  Ed.  corner  4th  and  Fisher. 
Risdon,  Dau.  corner  4th  and  Fisher. 

Risdon, ,  bartender.  North  Wcstrrn. 

ROBBIES,  B.  P.  grocer,  res.  Arch.  ,, 

Robinson,  Alt',  cwptain  tug  Dudley,  res.  cor.  Waahington  and  3d. 

Robinson,  Thomas,  .ship  carpenter,  fiuptsrior,  near  7th. 

Rock,  Samuel,  laborer,  boards  at  Brown  »fe  DeRush's. 

Roe,  John,  tailor,  Spring,  near  3d. 

Rogers,  R.  H.  fish,  fruits,  etc.,  Cole's  block,,  res.  corner  l?r,int 

and  Fishei*. 
Rogers,  N.  W   machinist,  Washington,  near  7th. 
RobI,  Charles,  proprietor  Peniiisular  House. 


mmamiisismwamsusamm 


84  beard's   DIllECTOBY   OF   MABQUETTE   COUNTY. 


'D 


a;K^ 


LAKE  flEW  MO" 


THIS  li^  A  NEW  AND 


FIKSf  CLASS  HOUSIE, 


And  the  most  Convenient  jar 


Lake  Superior  Tourists. 


FiR/OlsTT    STI^JUET 


MARQU£TT£,   MICH 


'■'tsiS^-Z'-^Kti'Ar—  - "-^i:-■^Jrr:^L^i^^^;^tel'.'■■«,^T■ylay'!?Jv:;^^      '.-.z.t:  ~~  -    ^-   ,  j.v;^»^'.-r2*|rt=iij  f,^«^»»ftfe«B*i^)(feSfe«*afe^^ 


mmm 


UNTY. 


BEAKD's  DIBECTOBX   OF   MARQUEITE   COUNTY. 


85 


>IJSE. 


Rollin,  R.  P.  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Superior. 
Konau,  Thoina.s,  laborer,  Hampton,  near  rolling  mill. 
Rouey,  James,  helper,  corner  Superior  and  5th. 
Root,  Mrs.  E.  A.  widow,  Blutf,  near  5th. 
Rothschild,  David,  wines,  etc.,  Ridge,  near  Front. 
Rose,  James,  stonecutter,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Rose,  Samuel,  stonecutter,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Rouse,  Waiter,  laborer.  Spring,  near  Front. 
Row,  John,  tailor,  Blufi"  near  4th. 
Rowe,  E.  carpsjnter,  Hampton,  near  School. 

Ruddle, ,  plasterer,  3d,  near  Bluff. 

Kuuquest,  Otto,  laborer,  corner  Superior  and  3d. 
Ri^h,  M.  puddler.  Lake,  near  roiling  mill, 
Riislii.'igton,  S.  laborer,  Ith,  near  Rock. 
Kiitlierf'ord,  — — ,  porter  at  North  Western  Hotel. 


irists. 


EO? 


S 


SADLER,  Anton,  plasterer,  3d,  near  Bluff. 
Sageur,  Morriy,  weigher,  Su|)erior,  near  5th. 
Salter.  Ed.  laborer,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Sung,  David,  sieamboat  owner,  Superior,  near  4th. 
Sang,  James,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  4th. 
Saunders,  Charles,  laborer,  boards  at  Brown  &  DeRu-th's. 
Scher,  Joseph,  laborer,  corner  4th  and  Bluif. 
Schloon,  Mathew,  laborer,  Washington,  uear  3d. 
Schott,  Fred,  clothing,  res.  cor.  3d  and  Bluff 
Schott,  N.  corner  3d  and  Bluff 
Schott  &  Co.,  clothiers.  National  Bank  building. 
Schott,  John,  carpenter,  6th,  near  Bluff. 
Schrosky,  E   laborer.  National  Hotel. 
Schuin,  J.  M.  foreman,  corner  Washington  and  3d. 
Schultz,  Peter,  brakeman,  corner  4th  and  Michigan. 
Schultz,  William,  laborer,  Washington,  near  3d. 
Sehnandt,  John,  moulder,  Ridge,  near  7th. 
Schvenfikfa,  Henry,  carpenter,  Washington,  between  4th  and  5th. 
Schwartz,  John,  laborer,  Rock,  near  3d. 


•td^f^uMtitiliiia^^Ji^-^-^^--  ''- 


86 


BEAKD'h   UIBEOrOKY   OF   MARQUEITE   COtTNTY. 


Schwurtzby,  John,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Genesee. 

ScOVille  &  Johnson,  hardware  and  gasfitting,  Everett  block. 

Hcoville,  David  8.  hardware,  Front,  near  Bluff. 

Seach,  Wni.  carpenter,  Superior,  near  3d. 

Seach,  John,  plumber,  Superior,  near  3d. 

Seager,  James,  general  land  pgent,  Adams'  block,  res.  Bluff,  near 

Front. 
Seageru,  Charles,  moulder,  Michigan  House. 
Selander,  John,  laborer,  Suj)erior,  near  Front. 
S<nnett,  John,  carpenter.  Bluff,  near  5th. 
Seymour,  William,  mason,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Shabel,  Henry,  mason,  7th,  near  Bluff. 
Shabel,  Joseph,  printer,  7th,  near  Bluff. 
Shabel,  John,  mason,  7th,  near  Bluff. 
Shabel,  John,  jr.  mason,  7th,  near  Bluff. 
Shambs,  David,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Shanor.  John,  carpenter,  Bluff,  near  Front. 
Shanteleau,  Felix,  carpenter,  Washington,  iieai  7th. 
Shave,  Henry,  laborer.  Bluff,  near  7th. 
Shaw,  A.  C,  grocer,  Washington,  near  4th. 
Shed«rick,  John,  plasterer,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Shetfif  !d,  Myley,  mason,  Superior,  near  3d. 
Sheldon,  Ti.  H-  chief  engineer  S.  St.  M.  &  M.  R.  R.,  Adams' 

block,  res  ilidge,  near  Cedar. 
Shepard,  E.  M    liiit(i)iilli''l,  3d,  near  Bluff. 
Shine,  Harry,  llliliur,  3d,  near  Main. 
Shorty,  Aug.  brakemnn,  Bluf.',  near  4th. 
Shatboneau,  1.  laboi'  i,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Shuron,  Peter,  jeweler,  Supciior,  near  3d. 
Sick,  William,  laborer.  Front,  near  Spring.  V 

Siegel  &  Basset',  proprietors  National  Hotel. 

Seitz, ,  cook  at  North  Western. 

Siller,  Louis,  laborer,  Franklin  Hou.se. 
Simpson,  W^illiam  H.  carpenter,  3d,  near  Washington. 
Simpson,  Henry,  carpenter.  Keystone  House. 
Slocum,  W.  W   carpenter,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Slyfield,  Andrew,  engineer,  Washington,  near  5th. 


■■i'-ift"n^ijii<iWMrifa'i"i'i'MMl(^iM"i 


88         beabd's  dibectoby  op  mabquette  county. 


REPUBLIC 


Iron  Company* 


Dealers  in  Iron  Ore,  and  Proprietors  of  the 


In  Township  46,  Range  29, 


And  of  various  other  Iron  Locations  iu  Marquette  County. 


President,  JONATHAN  WARNER,  Mineral  Ridge,  Ohio. 
Vice  President,  EDWARD  BREITUNG,  Negaunee,  Mich. 
Secretary  and  Treasurer,  SAMUEL  P.  ELY,  Marquette,  Mich. 


"j-"  :'.■..  'mj-^'mama^ggf^^fgi 


INTY. 


uKAiiDH  tmiwrrouY  of  MAiiyiirrri'.  county. 


89 


,NY. 


the 


tte  County. 


Ridge,  Ohio. 
;aunee,  Mich, 
•quette,  Mich. 


Small,  E.  L.  I'lcrk  at  i'Jorth  WcHteni. 

Sniiillcy,  R.  carpenter,  Michij;aii  House. 

Siiiitli,  Autr.  latjorcr,  corner  Micliiffan  and  4th. 

Smith,  ("harles,  jiorter,  corner  Arch  aixl  4tli. 

Smitli,  MrH.  D.  I).,  doctress,  Blurt",  near  F\ont. 

Smith,  J.  I) ,  teleirraph  operator,  American  Expre.S8  ottice. 

Smith,  Sohastiiin,  saloon,  Ham|)ton,  near  -'id. 

Smitli,  'I'hdinas,  clerk.  Rock,  near  3d. 

Smith,  Thomas,  i)'   cksiiiith,  8n[)erior,  near  3d. 

Smitli,  Tlionias,  tinisher,  Ilock,  near  .3d. 

Smith,  W'm.  lahorer,  Wa-shington,  between  4lh  and  5th. 

Smith,  W.  A.  carpenter,  corner  Ridge  and  4th. 

Smith,  William,  hihorer,   MichigiMi  House. 

Smith,  Williaii),  shoemaker,  HluH",  near  3d. 

Smith,  Win.  A.  builder,  Superior,  opposite  jail. 

SoihI,  (Jeorge,  laborer,  Washington,  near  6th. 

Sdiel,  John,  laborer.  Ridge,  near  6th. 

S,,\vast,  (Jeorge,  brakeman,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Sdwast,  Thoman,  laborer,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Sparrow,  .John,  blacksmith.  Keystone  House. 

SpaiiDw,  Richard,  mason,  Washington,  near  Front. 

SpauKling,  John,  s[)"culator,  corner  Ridge  and  3d. 

Spear,  J.  W.   forwarding,  Bluff',  near  Front. 

Spear,  F.  B.  ev  'iimission  merchant,  Blaker,  near  Ridge. 

Spear,  F.  B.  A  Co  ,  iorvvarding  and  commission,  steamboat  agentfe, 

Lake,  near  Superior. 
Sjieiicer,  Leroy,  saddler.  Front  street. 
Spencer,  L.  M.  harness,  Front,  near  Michigan. 
Spencer,  Ripley,  marble  cutter,  3d,  near  Washington. 
Spetzlei,  John,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Wushington. 
Stafford,  H.  H.    druggist,  Adams'  block,  res.  corner  Blaker 

and  Ridge. 
Stake,  John,  laborer.  4th,  near  Michigan. 
Stanley,  Alt',  blacksmith,  Wa,shington,  near  4th- 
Steed,  George,  carpenter,  corner  5th  and  Michigan. 
Steele,  Andrew,  engineer,  Fisher,  near  4th. 
Steele,  Fred.  M.  asst.  cashier  City  Bank,  res.  Ridge,  near  Cedar. 


.'■,'ytsci^A-' '"    *'ifi'*'«,  -»-■ 


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HK.VKDS    DlUEcrrollY    OF    MAUyUKlTE   COUNTY. 


Steywiller,  L.  jeweler,  Front,  near  Cole's  House,  boards  Cole's 

Iloiwe. 
Sleinbaeh,  Peter,  clerk  ut  Pendill  A  Beatty's. 
Stewart,  T.  J.  ( arpentor,  Superior,  near  .3d. 
Stevens,  Williiiin,  clerk  with  Pi'iniill  &  Realty. 
Stevens,  John,  puddler.  Hampton,  near  School. 
St.  Luiiit*,  E.  laborer,  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Stone,  Win.  E.  clerk,  boards  Cole'n  Huu.se. 

Stonland.  ,  mason,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Stowe,  L.  J.  book-keeper,  boariLs  Suniinit  House. 

Strange,  J.  res.  Bluff,  near  5th. 

Stratton,  Clark,  sup't  Carp,  furnace,  res.  corner  Washington  and 

Front. 
Strong,  S.  A.  l.'iborer,  Bluff,  near  5th. 

Stuck,  C.  T.  architect,  Watson  bhick,  0th,  near  Western. 
Styles,  John,  plasterer.  Central  House. 
Slyli's,  Jarne.s  M.  explorer,   WHshington,  near  5th. 
vSuilivun,  John  I',  laborer,  Fishe:-,  near  4tti. 
Sullivan,  I'ul.  lal>()rer,  Superior,  near  ;kl. 
Sullivan,  Hugh,  laborer,  Superior,  near  3d 
Sullivan,  Levi,  laborer,  Sujierior,  near  Front. 
Sullivan,  Con.  laborer,  Franklin  House. 
Sullivan,  Daniel,  laborer.  High  street. 
Sullivan,  James,  laborer,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Sullivan,  Thomas,  carpenter.  Ridge,  near  7th. 
Sullivan,  Pat.  laborer.  Ridge  near  7th. 
Sullivan,  .John,  telegraph  operator,  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Sullivan,  John,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Hampton. 
Sujierior  House,  M.  Johnson,  proprietor. 
Surrey,  George,  laborer,  Washington,  between  5th  and  6tj). 
Sutherland,  William,  laborer,  corner  High  and  Michigan. 
Sutton,  David,  carpenter,  Washington,  between  5th  and  6th. 
Swansiin,  G.  laborer,  corner  8d  and  Superior. 
Swinneford,  A.  P,  ed.  Mining  Journal,  bds  North  Western. 
Swift,  Eugene  A.,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  5th. 
Sweeney,  James,  pressman,  Washington  street. 
Sweitzer,  L.  boarding  house,  corner  Front  and  Spring. 


JUNTY. 


e,  boards  Cole's 


BRA:U).S   DIUIXTOnY    ok   MAHQI'KTTK   CoI'VTY.  91 


CHAMPION 


e. 


Washington  and 

h,  near  Western. 
th. 


6th. 
II. 

5th  and  Gtll. 
Michigan. 
I  5th  and  6th. 

8  Nortli  Western 


■spring. 


DEALERS  IN  IRON  ORES, 


FROM  THEIR 


Champioin.  Mine, 

A  T  CHAMPION.  MARQUl  TTE  00. . 


CHN  I'AININa  DKCOSIT.S  OK  BOTH 


:viAGNETIO  I  8FJECULAK  (DIES, 

or  GREAT  PTJRIT7, 
And  Proprieiors  of  other  Iron  Locations  in  that  vicinity, 


'/Jostb»,  Mass, 
Marquette,  Mich. 


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23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  HSdO 

(716)  872-4503 


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)UNTY. 


UEAIID's   mURCTOKY   OF   MAKQUETTK   COUNTY. 


i)3 


laf^ 


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,  Cleveland,  0. 
Mich. 


T 

TACH,  Frank,  marhinist,  VVashinf»ton,  near  Ttii. 
Tuft,  H.  iS.  phyfiician,  over  Stattiml's,  r.  Wash,  near  Front. 
Tait,  H.  F.  pliysician,  Spi  iig,  near  F"ri)nt. 
'i^iU'cr,  (iiilt^.n,  lilacksniitli,  \Va.sliinj,'t(in.  near  4lb. 
TiiyKir,  J.  F.  eli-rk,  ;iil  near  Washington. 
'I'liylor,  A.  B.  houk-kecper,  Lake,  near  Superior, 
Taylor,  .John,  carpenter,  Superior,  near  -id. 
Taylor,  H.  C.  corner  Washington  and  3d. 
Teuney,  Will,  machini.st,  .'M,  near  Blnfl". 
rilson,  Janief,  carpenter,  .Spring,  near  Front, 
riieiender,  Oscar,  laborer,  corner  .'5d  and  Superior. 
riiiell,  Alex.  C.  yardmaster  M.  O.  &  H.  R.  R.  4th,  near  Ridge. 
Tlionia.s,  Henry,  laborer,  Michigan  House. 
Tlionip.son,  H.  8.  P.-of.  music,  S|)ruce,  near  Arcl>. 

Tlioin[)8on,  .  Carpenter,  5th,  near  Bluff. 

Tliomp.«on,  Geo.  carpenter.  Spring,  near  Front. 
Tiiliin,  John,  clerk,  Superior,  near  4th. 
Tiiliy,  Wni.  upholsterer,  Washington,  near  7th. 
Todd,  Robt.  R  carpenter,  3d,  near  Bluff. 
Toner,  Thomas,  engineer,  4th,  near  R.  R. 
Tony,  John,  mason,  3d,  near  Bluff. 
Tony,  Mike,  mason,  Superior,  near  4th. 
Torrence,  Samuel,  laborer.  Lake,  near  rolling  mill. 
Tiidi,  L  laborer,  Hamj)ton,  near  rolling  mill. 
rurbcr,  Frank,  laborer,  Washington,  near  3d. 
Travense,  Thos,  laborer,  Bluff,  near  3d. 
Travense,  Rich.  R.  R  office.  Bluff,  near  3d. 
Travense,  Mat.  blacksmith,  Bluff,  near  3d. 
Tremont  House,  H.  H.  Hunt,  prop.  Superior. 
Truthevy,  J.  K.  painter,  Ridge,  near  -Jth. 
Tretlievy,  Geo.  moulder,  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Trethevy,  John,  carpenter,  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Trim,  Chas.  blacksmith,  Washington,,  near  7th. 

Tionibly, ,  laborer,  cornc-  4th  and  Blisfl'. 

Tiiukey,  Felix,  Rock,  near 4th. 


T"^ 


94 


beahdV  dihectoby  of  mabquettr  county. 


Trudean,  Ami.  brakeman,  uoriier  4tli  and  Bluff. 
Treloar,  Thos.  polioeman,  Superior,  near  4th. 
Treloar,  Wm.  boiler  uiuker,  Superior,  near  4th. 

u 

ULUICH,  Chas.  hiUoror,  Bluff,  uear  oth. 
Upstrum,  Alfreii,  laborer,  Bluff,  near  .')th. 
Uren,  Phillip,  biat■k^4mith,  3(J,  near  Bluff. 

V 

VALE,  John,  laborer,  Fisher,  near  4th. 
Van  Iderstine,  John  J.  niaebinist,  Mich.  St. 
Vim  Iderstine,  Clias.  carpenter,  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Van  Iderstine,  J.  P.  ear|)euter,  5th,  near  Bluff. 
Van  Ness,  ,Jas.  Ridge,  near  4th. 
Varinaun,  A.  laborer,  corner  .3<1  and  Superior. 
V^eneau,  T.  brakeman,  corner  4th  and   Wash. 
Verron,  F.  D.  car|)enter,  corner  Fisher  and  Front. 
Vierling,  Martin,  Cleveland  House. 
Vose,  Robert,  laborer,  Bluff,  near  5th. 

w 

WAGNER,  Herman,  laborer,  Frout,  near  Spring. 
Wagner,  Geo.  builder,  Front,  near  Washington.  '' 

Walker,  Chnrles,  carpenter,  4th,  near  Front. 
Walker,  Francis,  carpenter,  Sujjerior,  near  3d. 
Walker,  Richard,  plm.terer,  Su perior,  near  Front. 
Waltz,  Samuel,  mason,  Bluff,  near  6th. 
Wallace,  Morris,  laborer,  corner  3(1  and  Superior. 
Ward  &  Webb,    musical    merchandise,   Washington,   opp. 

Coles  House. 
Ward.  Connell,  Summit  House. 

Ward,  JnO.  E.  real  estate  and  mining  lands,  bds.  N.  West'n. 
Warner,  Peter,  boarding  house,  Front  street. 
Warner,  Chas.  painter,  Bluff,  near  5th. 


*  ",  u4^-^        i  I 


BKAIID'8   UIKEtTOUY   OF   MAltgUETl'E   c:oUNTV.  Uf) 


GhMYWil^MB 


r)Ej^rjE:E?.s  iisr 


fciiat  p)i0i  mti^ 


<*>-  ^ 


WBOM  THEIR  MINEH 


AT  1SHPEMINQ» 


MJCIIIGAJV. 


President  and   TreuHurer,  SAM.  L,  MATHER,  Cleveland,  O. 
Vice  President,  JOHN  OUTHVVAITE,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
Secretary,  FRED  A.  MOORE,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
General  Agent,  JAY  C.  MORSE,  Marquette,  Michigan." 


Ml  KK.AiiD's  i)ii:i;(T(iuy  (H'  MAiuM'i'rrJ"  coi'nty. 


WASlJl'MlTifOI 


\  ^^^.^j^# 


til  SiWiWi.! 


Tliis  Company  miii,  ami  soil  tlieir  well-known,  excellent 


[agnetiic  and  Specular 


FROM  TUKIK  MINKS  IN 


TOW.USEIP  47  NOSTH,  SANSE  27  WEST,  NEAE  HUMBOLT, 


MAEQUETTE  COUNTY. 


President,  .    SEPH  S.  FAY,  Boston,  Mas.' 

Vice  President,  EDWARD  BREITUNG,  Negaunee,  Mioli. 

Secretary  and  Treas.,  SAMUEL  P.  ELY,  Marquette,  Mich. 


Hm^MM^^&i^^'^i''MM 


JUNTY. 


UKAUU'h   JiIRECTOBY   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


97 


,  HUMBOLT, 


.uiiee,  Mich, 
quette,  Mich. 


Wiirg,  Peter,  helper,  Bluff,  near  Lake. 

Washington  Iron  Co.,  s.  P.  Ely,  pres't. 

Washington  House,  Trai  Trudrek,  prop. 

Washer,  Cha.s.  clerk,  \Va.shiugtoii,  bet.  6th  and  7th. 

Watson,  E.  M.  Lake  street,  nenr  Furnace. 

Watson,  Geo.  Lake,  near  Furnace. 

Watson,  J.  W.  Lake,  near  Furnace. 

Watson,  J.  W.  &  Sen,  general  merchandize,  Watson  Bl'k. 

Walts,  Thos.  laborer,  V  ash -igvon,  near  4th. 

Webb,  James,  machinist,  \V      lington  near  6ch. 

Weber,  B.  clerk,  at  Pendell  .     Beatty's,  Wash,  south  of  7th. 

Weiss,  Henry,  bartender,  Sunanit  House. 

Welch,  Pat,  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Westkkc  &  Brown,  general  store.  Front,  opp.  Coles  Honse. 

Westlake,  A.  S.  Washington,  bet.  3d  and  4th. 

Wertman,  M.  laborer.  Superior,  near  Front. 

Wetmore,  W,  L  Pres't  M.  &S.  St.  M.  &  M.  R  R.  Prop. 
M.  &  M.  Tel.  Line.  Pres't  Munissing  Co  Pres't  Huron 
Bay  Slate  and  Iron  Co.  Pres't  Huron  Bny  Iron  and  Slate 
Co.  General  Manager  N.  Y.  Iron  Mine.  Office  Adams 
Block. 

Wetmore,  F.  P.  res.  Ridge  street,  near  Cedar. 

Wetmore  &  Bro.,  dry  goods,  Front  street. 

Wetmore,  L.  Arch,  east  of  Front. 

Wetmore,  R.  C.  clerk,  bds.  with  F.  P.  Wetmore. 

Werner,  Jno.  plasterer,  Washington,  near  3d. 

Weston,  Robert,  carpenter,  Washington,  near  5th. 

Wheaton.  W.  W.  Treasurer  and  General  Agent  Beecher 
Furnace  and  Marquette  Rolling  Mill. 

Wheatley,  Jas.  laborer,  Ridge,  near  Front. 

Wheeler,  Frank,  carpenter,  Blufl",  near  Front. 

White,  Peter,  Pres't  Ist  Nat.  Bank,  Ridge,  near  Cedar. 

White,  Mrs.  M.  widow,  .3d,  near  Bluff. 

White,  Ripley,  printer,  5th  near  Bluff. 

White,  George,  laborer.  Traveler's  Home. 

White,  Martin,  laborer.  Front,  near  Spring. 
Whiting,  I.  policeman,  Washington,  near  4th. 


'.>8  BEAUD'h   DIBECTOUY   op   MABQUE'lTE   COUNTY. 

Whitlaw,  J.  M.  book-keeper,  bds.  Northwestern. 

Whies,  J.  W.  laborer,  National  Hotel. 

Whitley,  Jaa  sup't  dock.  Bluff,  near  4th. 

Whitman,  L.  Arch,  east  of  Front. 

Willman,  Dietrich,  laborer.  Rock,  near  5th. 

Williams,  Tho8.  laborer,  Michigan  House. 

Williams,  Geo.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Williams,  Jno.  J.  Sup't  of  Slate  Quarries. 

Williams,  J.  H.  miner,  4th,  near  Mich. 

Williams,  John,  surveyor,  4th,  near  Mich. 

Williams.  E.  P.  book-keeper,  Front,  near  Wash. 

Wilson,  George,  weigh  office,  Washington,  near  7th. 

Wilson.  Booker,  porter,  Tremont  House. 

Wilson,  Wm.  tel.  op.,  7th,  near  Ridge. 

Wilkes,  Geo.  section  boss,  Superior,  near  3(1. 

Wilkes,  Dan.  laborer,  Superior,  near  Front. 

Wilkes,  8.  engineer.  Bluff,  near  5th. 

Wilkinson,  J.  M.  cashier  Citizen's  Bank,  bds.  Lake  street. 

Willis,  Thos,  blacksmith,  Lake,  near  rolling  mill. 

Winkle,  Fred,  mason,  Lake  st-eet. 

Wood,  Z.  brakeman,  Washiii,-'   i,  west  of  7th. 

Worts,  Dan,  blacksmith,  Keystone  House. 

Worth,  Chas.  tailor,  rear  Cath.  church. 

Wote,  Fred,  laborer,  corner  3d  and  Arch. 

Wright,  J.  H.  carpenter,  4th,  near  Mich. 

Wright.  Wm.  carpenter,  Superior,  near  3d. 

Wright,  C.  E.  iron  expert,  Adams  Block. 

Wyckoff,  J.  W.  sash  and  blind  manufacturer  Wash,  near  Fronf 

Wyckoff,  Clark,  book-keeper,  Washington,  near  Third. 

Wyckoff,  Wm.  overseer,  Washington,  near  3d. 

Wyckoff,  Fay,  Arch,  east  of  Front. 

Y 

■YTOUNG,  A.  M.  engineer,  3d,  near  Bluff. 
■■•     Young,  Jas.  W.  laborer,  3(1,  near  Bluff. 
Young,  Thomas,  plumber,  Lake,  near  rolling  mill. 


-y*^. 


beard'h  dibeotoby  of  mabquette  county. 


99 


T.  B.  BROOKS,  C.  E„ 


EXFEBT, 


AND 


EXPLORER, 


m  CHARGE  OF 


OF  THE 


MARQUETTE  IROX  REGTOJ^, 


Hi  Exslorer  for  the  Marpette,  Hoflfi:!iton  &  Ontouapn  R.  R.  Co. 


Gives  exclusive  attention  to  Explorations  and  Sur- 
veys of  Iron  Ore  and  Timber  Lands 
and  Mines. 

EeferencoB  and  Terms  made  known  on  application. 


100  BEA'ID'8   DIRECTOUY   OF  HAHqUBTTE   COUNTY. 


AkUUi  iii»iiii<iii 


tupuaf 


MARQUETTE,  L  S.,  MICH. 


C.  H.  CALL,  Secretary  m\i  Treasurer. 


lu  ill  tijmf-tif  >  jiyniiii.  ;»-wh<»-..».l  ■  fawaw.-^ 


,V. 


JOUNTY. 


i@af 


H. 


reasaarer. 


Young,  David,  laborer,  Huperior,  near  Fro.it. 
Y.)Uiigblood,  Henry,  laborer,  4th,  near  ridge. 


OYD,  Joseph,  painter,  6th,  near  Bhiff. 


.        ^lA^/i^    l.l,u» !»-»»,•■* 


^^iiAi-iiiiiiaiiSir-'*M>ig.  'I'imm 


iiiiiiiiii|H>iiii>iH  I      I  .^|i.iwawwH<|||i||MW)> 


1()2  DKARD'8   DIBEOTOBY   of    MABQUETrK   COUNT 


NEGAUNEE. 


A  BARE,  A.  cHrpenter,  Iron  street. 
Abraharnsen,  Peter,  laborer.  Iron. 

Adara,  John,  butcher,  Iron. 

Adams,  J.  (^.  Ass't  P.  M.  rea.  Main  near  Teal. 

Adams,  J,  Q.  att'y  at  law,  office  PoHtoffice  Building. 

American  M.  U.  Express  flompany,  O.  W.  Doolittle,  agent. 

Anthony,  E.  C.  harness.  Iron. 

Areland,  L.  laborer.  Peck,  near  Teal. 

Asmuth,  C.  W.  t?vi>or,  Iron. 

Atkinson,  John  T.  clerk,  Iron. 

Atwater,  George  R.  hardware.  Iron. 

Atwater,  John  E.  furniture.  Iron. 

Atwater,  A.  furniture.  Iron. 

Avrill,  Jno,  civil  engineer,  Lincoln,  near  Pioneer. 


B 


BAILEY,  T.  saloon,  Iron. 
Baldwin,  William,  baggage  master,  bds.  with  Mrs.  Capis. 
Ball,  Henry,  bi-akeman,  bds.  with  Mh..  Capis. 
Bandin,  V.  shoemaker.  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 
Bank  of  Negaunee,  James  Mathews,  prop.  Iron. 
Bartle,  John,  miner,  Peck,  near  Renter. 
Bartle,  J  H,  clerk.  Peck,  near  Kanter. 
Bashaw,  Frank,  laborer.  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 
Barraby,  Joseph,  laborer,  corner  Brown  and  Case. 


ililtlf^ll^iHfeiitMii 


"";;*-»?'ii:'?|%i-' '  Tm^^m^f^^^t^'^^^ 


iwiTiw'»yj)»wtihiiilWiWg)rii-fi}ai# 


UNT 


1II.I  Jii..l,IH  ■Wiiimlrmi* ' '!■  i  m'  ■-'   »■ 


llliAUlJH    mUKCTMUY    OF   MAUyUKITK   COtN'iy.  lU.'J 


THE  BANCROFT 


IRON  COMPNY, 


MANUrAOTURBRB  OF 


Building, 
little,  agunt. 


CHARCOAL  PIG  IRON, 


er. 


FROM 


Specular  and  Hematite  Ores, 


OF 


ith  Mrs.  Capis. 


MARQUETTE  COUNTY. 


lae. 


PETER  WHITE,  Presidwit,  Marquette,  Michigan. 
SAMUEL  L.  MATHER,  Treasurer,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
JAY  C.  MORSE,  Secretary,  Marquette,  Michigan. 


#- 


iWnii<'iii'<*l|- 


„..,7WV 


» 


104  BEABD'h   WItECIORY   OF   MAnQUETTE   COUNTY. 


THJE  IcCOlBEfi 


Iron  Company. 


H)  BALK  as  IJV 


u  mi  Pieraatit-c  §11:011  #w, 


FROM  THFAB.  MIMES  AT 


[I 


SAMUEIj  L.  MATHER^  PreaH  and  Treas. 

Cleveland,  Ohio. 
FBEI>,  A,  MOOMEf  Secretary, 

Cleveland,  Ohio. 
J  A  Y  C.  MORSE,  General  Agent, 

Marquette,  Mich. 


llHilll.Ul<*imi>hu 


COUNTY. 


ANY. 


tm  ®ws, 


nd  Treas. 
leveland,  Ohio.  :'r 

Icveland,  Ohio. 

irquette,  Mich. 


Barrett,  Ed.  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Barrett,  Pat,  miner,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 

Barry,  James,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Barry,  JoBeph,  carpenter,  corner  Case  and  McKenzie. 

Bastedo,  John,  wagon  maker.  Case,  near  Kanter. 

Beaumont  House,  A.  Wheatland,  prop. 

Bedinny,  George,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Belrose,  George,  saloon,  Iron. 

Eengley,  Alexander,  clothing.  Iron. 

Bennallick,  John,  miner,  Kanter,  near  Case. 

Bennett,  Charlos,  furnace.  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 

Besiny,  Mic.iael,  laborer,  Clark,  near  Kanter. 

..est,  John,  contractor,  Jackson  Mine. 

Bezza,  Richard,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Bezza,  William,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Bezzo,  Thos.  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 

Blackie,  Thomas,  saloon,  Iron. 

BuUhumeser,  Michael,  cabinet  maker,  Jackson. 

Blake,  Ed.  book-keeper,  Jackson  mine. 

Blake,  William,  laborer,  Case,  near  Pioneer. 

Blodgett,  E.  S.  meat  market,  Iron. 

Blopeslelt,  Paul,  carpenter,  Iron. 

Boesch,  Ed.  jeweler,  Iron. 

Bonei,  Joseph,  carpenter.  Iron. 

Bollman,  Chris,  proprietor  Empire  House. 

Boner.  Frank,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 

Bourja,  E  teamster.  Case,  near  McKenzie. 

Bowdry,  Peter,  niachiuist.  Main,  near  McKenzie. 

Bourrett,  A.  clothing  and  dry  goods,  Iron. 

Boyer,  Henry,  harness,  Iron. 

Bradley,  William,  physician,  Iron. 

Brackenburg,  Robert,  clerk,  Lincoln,  near  Pioneer. 

Breitung,  Edward,   operator  and  dealer  in  mining  and 

timber  lands,  Cyr  street. 
Brinn  &  Peizer,  dry  goods.  Iron. 
Brinn,  J.  dry  goods.  Iron. 
Brisflon,  Raphael,  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 


•«•?* 


1()« 


BKAIiDH    DIliKClOKy   OF   MAHQUETTE    COUNTY. 


Britt,  David,  carpenter,  bds.  with  Mrs.  Capia. 
Brodeur,  A.  dentist,  over  Oyr's  office. 
Brooks,  James,  carpenter,  Kanter,  near  Peck. 
Brown,  Henry,  corner  Pioneer  and  Clark. 
Brown,  James,  barn  boss,  Jackson  mine. 
Brown,  John,  laborer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Brown,  Jacob,  soda  water  bottling  works.  Silver. 
Brown,  W.  H.  blacksmith.  Jackson  mine. 
Buckley,  Thomas,  carpenter,  Kanter  near  Peck. 
Buckley,  William,  Cyr. 
Bulcher,  Joen,  saloon.  Iron. 
Burder,  William,  furnace,  Casi-,  near  McKenzie. 
Burns,  Thomas,  miner,  Iron. 
Buyer,  Henry,  harness,  Iron. 

c 

CAIN,  M.  machinist,  Iron. 
Calhoun,  W.  M.  saloon.  Iron. 
Calhoun,  W.  R.  Main,  near  Pioneer. 
Calhoun,  William  S.  clerk,  Main,  near  Pioneer. 
Campbell,  N.  clerk,  Iron. 
Cancel,  Alt",  shoemaker.  Silver. 
Capis.  Mrs.  boarding  house.  Iron. 
Carney,  O.  &  Bro.,  livery,  Iron. 
Carney,  Dennis,  Iron. 
Carney,  O.   Iron. 

Carney,  Pat.  Lincoln,  near  Pioneer. 
Carr,  Miss  M   R.  millinery.  Iron. 
Carr,  B.  candle  manufacturer.  Iron. 
Carr,  John,  clerk,  Iron. 
Carson,  John,  saloon.  Iron. 
Carter,  Joseph,  grocer,  Iron. 

Carter,  Samuel,  drup,  Iron,  res.  corner  Case  and  Pioneer. 
Cary,  Cor.  stable  boss,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Cary,  Samuel,  barber,  Peck,  near  Kanter. 
Cassady,  Daniel,  shoemaker,  Iron. 
Cassady,  F.  shoemaker,  Iron. 


>iii.ilw»j>«gj(,gKig;>gi!Wgu#j|j^ 


isaes 


m 


•■^^^mi^kimm'm''- 


NAILS,  GLASS, 

Woodee-Wcmre^  Etc. 

IRON  STREET, 

J{KQAVKEE,  L.  S.  MICE  10 AX. 

m,  i  mm  stobe  n  ishpeming, 

Where  we  carry  a  full  line  of  Goods  in  our  business. 
MANUFAOTUREES  OF 

Tie,  Copper  and  Slaeet  Jroa  War©. 
JOBBING, 

IN  OUR  LINE,  A  SPECIAF^TY, 


yjy.  Iid...i  i^.njUwt^^WjiWiW^C'^M  *'^*yi" 


;aL 


mn 


108  beard's   DIBKfiTOHY   OF    MABQJETTE   COUNTY. 


E.  7<.  HA7D0N,  President. 


FBED  STAFFOBD,  CasUer. 


ifstH  atiouu  Aniikl- 


HEGAUNEE.  MICH. 


Thi8  Bank  is  now  ready  for  business,  and  solicits  the  patronage  of  the 

public.      Its  affairs  will  be  conducted  in  a  manner  .strictly 

in  accord  with  safe  banking. 

A  SPECIALTY  WILL  BE  MADE  OF 

FOREIGN  EXCHANGES 

AND    PASSAGE   TICKETS, 

With  the  assurance  to  parties  purchasing  that  thev  are  doing  so  at  the 
LOWEST  MARKET  RATES. 


Will  be  issued,  and  Book  Accounts  opened  bearing  interest,  thus  enabling 

people  with  small  means  to  have  their  savings  increased 

from  time  to  time. 

Exchanges  available  at  all  points  Fast  and  West  will  be  sold  to  parties 
keeping  Comniercial  Accounts 

AT  ONE  aUARTBR  OP  ONE  PER  CENT.  PREMIUM. 


G^COLLECTIONS^^^ 

Entrusted  to  our  care  will  receive  prompt  and  careful  attention. 


rest,  thu3  enabling 
increased 


be  sold  to  parties 

FEBMIUM. 


^^:) 


reful  attention. 


beard's   DIKECTORY   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


109 


Cascade  Iron  Company. 

Chicago  and  N.  W.  R.,  O.  W.  Doolittle,  Agent. 

Chappel,  J.  shoemaker,  Case,  near  Kanter. 

Chalafer,  Charles,  engineer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Cholette,  A.  M.  saloon,  Iron. 

Christiansen,  Andrew,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Crocker,  Allen  &  Co.  iron  manufacturers. 

Crocker,  M.  H.  attorney  at  law. 

CroU,  A.  watches  and  jewelry,  Iron. 

Christmas,  John,  laborer.  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 

Chweig,  Rich,  upholsterer,  Iron. 

Clark,  Thos.  P.,  Singer  Sewing  Machine,  iron. 

Cochran,  C.  F.  physician,  Iron. 

Colon,  J.  laborer.  Peck,  near  Railroad. 

Colwell,  H.  J.  agent  Michigan  furnace. 

Corcoran,  James,  laborer,  near  I.  C  furnace. 

Cory,  Martin,  Pioneer  Mine. 

Cotts,  E.  baker.  Case,  near  Pioneer. 

Courtney,  Mike,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Cox,  G  N.  carpenter,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 

Cox,  L.  carpenter,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 

Crepaut,  William,  book-keeper.  Iron. 

Crocker,  M.  H.  attorney  at  law,  res.  Main,  near  Teal,  off  Iron. 

(iroll,  Adolph,  jeweler,  Iron, 

Cromley,  Charles,  policeman.  Case,  near  Pioneer. 

Crystal,  J.  W.  machinist.  Case,  near  McKenzie. 

Cummon,  Byron,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Cum,  John,  laborer.  Case,  near  Kanter. 

Curren,  Owen,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Curren,  Tim,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Curry,  Thomas,  St.  James  Restaurant. 

Cyr,  L.  D.  physician,  off.  Iron,  near  Cyr. 


no 


^r 


beard's   directory   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


D 

DALY,  Charles,  Engineer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Daly,  Daniel,  engineer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Damp,  George,  tuason.  Peck,  near  Railroad. 
Davis,  liiaac,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Davis,  John,  plasterer,  Jackson,  near  PioneeV. 
Davis,  Stephen,  blacksmith,  near  i.  C.  furnace. 
Demontgier,  Simon,  carpenter,  Kanter,  near  Peck. 

Doherty, ,  teamster,  boards  with  Mrs.  Capis. 

Donahue,  Tim.  machinist,  Jackson  Mine. 

Duntawill,  Wallace,  baker,  Case,  near  Pioneer. 

Doolittie,  O.  W.  freight  ag't,  M.  H.  &  O.  R.  R.,  Main,  n.  Teal. 

Dorn,  James,  tinsmith.  Iron. 

Dow,  Thomas,  laborer,  Kanter,  near  Case.     • 

Downing,  C.  clerk,  I.  C.  store. 

Ducharme,  Frank,  laborer.  Main,  near  Pioneer 

Duesler,  U.  civil  engineer,  Case,  near  McKenzie. 

Dunn,  John  H.  brewer,  Peck,  near  Kanter. 

Dunn,  Michael,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

E 

EAGAN,  Pat.  laborer,  Case,  near  Railroad. 
Eaughn,  Pat.  laborer,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 
Eddy,  C.  C,  hardware,  Iron. 
Eddy,  Frank,  hardware.  Iron. 
Edgial,  B.  laborer,  Empire  House. 
Edwards,  Ant.  laborer,  Kanter,  near  Case. 
Edwards,  James,  laborer,  Kanter,  near  Case. 
Ellsworth,  L.  L.  clerk,  I.  C.  store. 
Emmet,  Frank,  saloon,  Iron. 
Engels,  J.  furniture,  Iron. 
Esher,  Stephen,  laborer,  Iron. 


F 


ALK,  Jacob,  carpenter.  Main  street. 
Feibish,  Philip,  liquor  and  cigars,  Iron. 


,  MaiD,  D.  Teal. 


beard's   DIBBCTORY   OP   MAKQUEITE   COUNTY.  Ill 


HA.YDON'3 


H.  E.  HAYDON,  President. 
FRED.  STAFFORD,  CanhV. 

:negaunee,  l.  s.,  michioaw. 


^0m§E  mi 


For  sale  at  Lowest  Current  Rates. 

PASSAGE    TICKETS 

To  and  from  the  Old  Country, 

BY  ALL  THE  FIMST  CLASH  LINMH, 

Parties  wishing 

To  Send  Money  Abroad, 

Or  who  desire  to  bring  out  their  friends,  will  always  save  money 

by  purchasing 

Drafts  or  Tickets  at  this  Bank. 


m  Bvsj 

TIL/L\SACTED. 


^r3^^vS3v^3.^s«- .    ,  -,-  ,- 


«PB 


112       ukaiu/h  uihkctoky  of  mauquktte  county. 


JULIUS  JACOBSON, 


DEALER  IN  STAPLE  AND  FANCY 

DRY  OOODa 

CLOTHING, 
HATS.  CAPS. 

BOOTS  &  SHOES, 

LADIES'  WHITE  UI\IDERWEAR. 

Traaka,  Mte.,  IHta. 
MY  STORE  IS  ON  IRON  STREET, 

NEGAUNEE. 

HEMEMBEH  TttE  ?tAC£, 

THE  SIGN  READS 

JULIUS  JACOBSON, 


«-i^ 


COUNTY. 


N, 


IlNCY 


DS, 


RWE/[R. 


STREET, 


IAC£, 


beard's  DiBwrrouY  of  mauqueite  county. 


Finnegan,  B.  Jaborer,  Jacksou  Mine. 

First  National  Banic,  H.  E.  Haydon,  Pres't,  Iron 

Fish  A  Pierce,  general  store,  Iron. 

Fish,  8.  Main,  near  Teal. 

Fitch,  Ernst,  engineer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Flauegan,  B.  laborer,  'acksr     Mine. 

Flanegan.  Ed.  brakeinan,  boarde  with  Mrs.  Capis. 

Fiery,  John,  saloon.  Pioneer. 

Flynn,  James,  laborer,  Jack.-^on,  near  Pioneer. 

Flynn,  James,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Flynn,  J.  P.  tailor.  Iron. 

Foley,  James,  mason,  corner  Case  and  Teal. 

Foreman,  C.  A.  musician.  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 

Fc.rest,  E.  clerk,  boards  Ogden  House. 

Forest,  John,  cook,  St.  James. 

Fortier,  C.  A.  physician.  Iron. 

Fortune,  Job.  saloon,  Iron. 

Foster,  T  omas,  steward  ar  Va.  James  restaurant. 

Fossbender,  F.  wagon  maker,  Marquette. 

Fountain,  Charles,  laborer,  Iron. 

Fox,  C.  harnee:3,  Iron. 

Foye,  H.  teamster,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Frazee,  Rev.  E.  W.  corner  Caae  and  Teal. 

Frost,  L.  clerk.  Iron. 

Frusch,  Theo.  brewer,  Peck,  near  Kanter. 

Fuchs,  Fred,  saloon,  Silver,  near  depot. 


C-^AFFNER,  F.  T.  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
J  Garghier,  M.  boarding  house.  Iron. 
Gibbon,  H.  E.  photographer,  Case,  near  McKenzie. 
Gibbs,  M.  A.  book-keeper,  1.  C.  store. 
Gilbert,  John,  miner,  Kanter,  near  Caae. 
Giroux,  H.  saloon,  corner  Pioneer  and  Peck. 
Girzikowsky,  Ed.  &  Co.  jewelers.  Iron. 
Gleason,  Pat,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine, 
Gordon,  James,  contractor,  Jackson  Mine. 


tjl^t; 


114 


UKAIIDH    DIRRrrroRY   OK   IIAUQIJEITE   COUNTY. 


Grnham,  C.  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Gratzie,  William,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Gray,  Gilbert,  ostler,  Case,  near  Teal. 

Gray,  Thomas,  shoemaker.  Case,  near  Kanter. 

Gregory  &  ShornLerg,  saloon,  Iron. 

Gregory,  L.  D.  saloon,  Iron. 

Green  Bay  Iron  Co.,  R.  P.  Harriman,  aupt. 

Green,  Charles  B.  clerk,  boards  Ogden  House. 

Green,  E.  8.  ag't  I.  C.  .nine,  Main,  near  Pioneer. 

Oriffis,  John,  minei,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

(»rigg,  Joseph,  miner.  Peck,  near  Railroad. 

Griswold,  Alonzo,  carpenter,  Main,  near  McKenzie. 

Gustafsen,  Svan,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 

H 

HAGANY,  A.  barber,  Iron. 
Hall,  William,  tinsmith.  Iron. 
Haly,  James  T.  grocer.  Iron. 
Haly  &  Hopkins,  grocers.  Iron. 

Hamilton,  George,  brakeman,  boards  with  Mrs.  Caplis. 
Hananer,  H.  clothipg,  Irrn. 
Hand,  H.  laborer,  Iron. 
Hanske,  Ernst,  carpenter,  Iron. 
Hansen,  Charles,  time-keeper,  Jackson  mine. 
Hansen,  Eber,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Hansen,  Hans,  blacksmith,  Jackson  mine. 
Hansen,  James,  engineer,  Jackson  mine. 
Hansen,  Peter,  saloon.  Iron. 
Hardy,  John,  laborer,  Chicago  House. 
Harrington,  James,  laborer,  Silver. 
Harrington,  John  B.  miner,  Peck,  near  Teal. 
Harrington,  Pat,  miner,  Peck,  near  McKenzie. 
Harris,  John,  boarding-house.  Iron. 
Harris,  Thomas,  grocer.  Iron. 

Hartman,  Conolly  &  Co.  lumber  dealers,  cor.  R.  R.  and  Case. 
Hartman,  C.  J.  Jackson  House. 


':w^^^"^ 


enzie. 


beard's  directory  of   MAKQUETTE  COtlNTY.  115 


MORGAN 


mM  M^Mfm^'*^ 


OHARCOAL  PIG  IRON  AND  BLOOMS. 


From  Ihire  Lake  Superior  Ch'es. 


PROPRIETORS  OF 


MORGAN  FURNACE 


At  Morgan,  and 


CHAMPION  FURNACE, 


At  Champion,  Marquette  Co.,  Mich. 


I.  R.  aad  Case. 


S.  P.  ELY,  Marquette.  Mich.,  Secretary  and  Treasurer. 
C.  DONKERSLY,      do         Vice  Pres't  and  Geu'l  Ag't. 


•:^3^^P? 


^I.rti..  ^iuiiUmtmt  ,l^■^*'TaM^^^^**irt»«r"i*M^^*ww.^^■■v•^-^ 


Si*- 


116  BEAHU'h    DIHKlTOBY    OF    MAItglK'ITR   COUNTY. 


THOMAS  F.  CLARK, 


.KSKjVr  FOH  THE 


SINGER 


SJEWWiU  MAC'HIIE, 


TUB  S£ST  IJV  TUB  WOJiZD. 

219.75S  SOLD  IN  1872. 

NINE   OUT  OF   TEN    BEING   FOR   FAMILY    USE, 

Being  4)500  more  Machines  than  any  other  ( 'ompany, 
And  1-4  of  all  machiuea  sold  during  that  year, 

jnSO  DEALER  /JV 

PIAM8,  OIGASS,  lELOBEOlS, 

-AND- 

MUSICAL  WEMCHAWr  I8E. 

IRON  STREET, 

Xeur  Kirkwoud's  Drug  Store. 


COUNTY. 


BEA.BD'8   DIKE(rrORY   OF    MAKQUETTE   COUNTY.  117 


\RK, 


iJIIE, 


ZD. 


1872. 


'AMILY   USE, 


4Iier  i  'imvpany, 
hat  year, 


OBEOSS, 


I8B. 


Hartraan,  T.  W.  Jackson  House. 

Haiipt,  E.  bakery,  Iron. 

Haydon'S  Negaunee  Bank.  H.  E.  Haydon,  I'rea.,  Iron. 

Hayden,  H.  E.  banker,  Cyr. 

Heiser.  Martin,  carpenter.  Peck,  near  Teal. 

Henderson,  James,  shoemaker,  Iron. 

Henly,  Thomas,  restaurant,  Iron. 

Hewett,  Silas  T.  saddler.  Case,  near  Pioneer. 

Hewett  &  Snyder,  harness.  Silver. 

Hurrimau  A  Spurr  Mine,  R.  P.  Harriman  &  J.  L.  Spurr,  Agto. 

Hartman,  Connelly  &  Co.  lumber  dealers. 

Healy,  W.  P.  attorney  at  law,  Iron. 

Hibbard,  Nathan,  carpenter,  Jackson  Mine. 

Hibbard,  Peter,  carpenter,  Jackson  Mine. 

Hicks,  Philip,  plasterer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 

Hinckley,  Ira,  nit.  glyc.  manufacturer,  Case,  near  McKenzie. 

Hirschman,  F.  L.  physician,  office  with  L.  D.  Cyr. 

Hocking,  John,  mason,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 

Hocksen,  Gus.  laborer,  Jackson  Mine, 

Holmgreen,  John,  tinsmith,  Iron. 

Horastein,  Albert,  clerk,  Pioneer. 

Hooper,  H.  mason,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Hopkins,  C.  H.  Main. 

Hopkins,  William,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Main,  near  Pioneer. 

Howell,  Henry,  ostler.  Iron. 

Hubert,  George,  stable  boss,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Hule,  F.  grocer.  Iron. 

Hutchingsen,  G.  L.  express  agent,  Main,  near  McKenzie. 


IRELAND,  Thomas,  carpenter,  Peck,  near  Railroad. 
Iron  Cliff  Company,  E.  B.  Isham,  sup't. 


Iron  Cliff  House,  Frank  Johnson,  prop. 
Isham,  E.  B.  corner  Main  and  Pioneer. 


^re. 


^^>A.^.....in^m.>,j«^*'^^^<ff^  •  '-£• 


f 


118  beard's   DIRECTOBY   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


FACKSON,  Robert,  baggage  raester,  corner  Kanter  and  Case. 

I    Ji'jkson  House,  E.  A.  Trelease,  prop.,  Iron. 
Jacobson,  Julius,  clothing,  dry  goods,  etc..  Iron. 
Jacobaou,  Morris,  clerk.  Iron. 

Jacknon  Iron  Co.  and  Mines,  F.  Brown,  general  agent. 
Junsen,  Martin,  laborer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Jansen.  Michael,  laborer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Joukins,  David,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Jenniug.s,  D.  book-keeper,  I.  C.  Co. 
Johnson,  Frank,  prop.  I.  ('.  House. 
Johnson,  Frank,  saloon,  Iron 
Johnson,  John,  boarding  house.  Iron. 
Johnson,  Rasmus,  laborer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Jones,  C  book-keeper,  Lincoln  and  Pioneer. 
Jones,  John,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Johes,  G.  clerk,  Iron. 
Jones,  Fred,  clerk,  Iron. 
Jones,  John,  grocer,  Iron. 
Jones,  John,  Jr.,  clerk,  with  Marsell  &  Co. 
Jones,  Robert,  book-keeper,  Lincoln,  near  Pioneer. 
Jones,  R.  plasterer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 

Jong, ,  harness,  Iron. 

Julian,  John,  blacksmith,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Julip,  James,  mason,  Kanter,  near  Peck. 

K 

TT-AMMERDINER,  A.  butcher.  Iron. 

■*^   Kaniller,  R.  C.  carpenter,  corner  Case  and  Pioneer. 

Kane,  John,  miner.  Main,  near  Teal. 

Kappe.^,  R.  baker,  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 

Kassen,  R.  F.  chief  clerk,  I.  C.  store. 

Rating,  B.  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 

Kating,  Con.  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 

Kauster,  Henry,  butcjher.  Case,  near  Teal. 

Keeley,  G.  P.  saloon,  corner  Case  and  Pioneer. 


BEABD'S   DIRRCTOKY   of   MAflQUETl'E   COUNTY.  119 


tttt  ^m^Um  0pOm 


MARQ UETTE,    MWHIQAX, 


Quarry  and  ship,  hy  cargo  or  single  stone,  the  several 
varieties,  (brown,  mottled  and,  clouded)  of 


Sl 


FOUND  IN  THE  MARQUETTE  REGION. 


For  Beauty.  Durability,  and  Adaptability  to  General 
Building,  or  Ornamental  purposes, 


THIS  STOSE  !S  OSKCOALED  BY  AM  OTHER 


ACCESSIBLE  TO  WESTER.h'  MARKETS. 


OFFICERS. 

JOHN  BURT,  Pres't.  HIRAM  A.  DURT,  Vice  Pres. 

WM.  BURT,  Treasurer. 


WM.  A.  BURT,  Secretary. 


t^^m^m^^&M^ 


120  BEAHD'h   directory   of    MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


Vi&Mm  mwwmmnm 


IBOH 


PRODUCE  AJ^D  SELL 


SPECULAR    AND    HEMATITE 


IRON  ORES 


From  their  well-krmwti  Mines  at  Ishpeming, 


MICmQAN. 


JOSEPH  S.  FAY,  Boston,  Mass.,  President. 

S.  P.  ELY,  Marquette,  Mich.,  Secretary  and  Treasr'r. 


'^>f^j^^ij4|iS'-i?J^-''S*''-!'»'i!?Sgy;^g^jf;i*^fgff       '*"' 


■T^-^^SO'- 


DOUNTY. 


MATITE 


shpeming. 


jnt. 

lud  Treasr'r. 


BEAUD's   DIltEOTOnY   OF   MARQUETTE   COUNTY 


Keller,  Louis,  brewer,  Kanter,  near  Peck. 

Kelly,  G.  P.  clerk,  boards  with  W.  L.  Mann. 

Keely,  John,  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Keely,  John  A.  laborer,  Jackson  Mine. 

Kernel,  Peter,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  Mine. 

Kiren,  Conrad,  grocer,  corner  Case  and  Kanter. 

Kirkwood  Bros,  drugs.  Iron. 

Kirk  wood,  John  A.  drugs.  Iron. 

Kiikwood,  P.  B.  drugs.  Iron. 

Kiley,  John,  tenraster,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Kiley,  William,  teamster,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

King,  Peter,  laborer,  corner  Case  and  Kaiiter. 

King  &  Wheeler,  uitro-glvcerine  manufactory,  Iron. 

Kinner,  S.  Peck,  near  Kanter. 

Kirby,  B.  teamster,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Kittson,  H.  shoemaker.  Iron. 

Klen,  S.  H.  mason.  Main,  near  Teal. 

Knese,  Aug.  carpenter,  Kanter  near  Peck. 

Kremer,  J.  boards  with  Mrs.  Caplis. 


LA  FAVOUR,  Atit.  explorer.  Case,  near  Kanter. 
Lamar,  Adolph,  laborer.  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 
Lamsen.  Charles,  teamster,  corner  Peck  and  Teal. 
Lander,  J.  Jackson  mine. 
Landrey,  M.  saloon,  Iron. 
Lanseigae  G.  &  Co.  general  store.  Iron. 
Lans,  M.  laborer.  Pioneer,  near  Iron. 
Lanser,  Michael,  machinist,  Jackson  mine. 
Laterelle,  John,  labprer.  Peck,  near  Railroad. 
Laughliu,  Ed.  saloon,  Iron. 
Laughlin,  Michael,  saloon.  Iron. 
Lawless,  James,  laborer,  Chicago  House. 
Larren,  F.  furnace,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Lamson,  O.  G.  tailor.  Iron 
liCe,  John,  Lincoln,  near  Pioneer. 
Lehman,  William,  carpenter.  Case,  near  Pioneer. 


"•"■rf-t^^ 


122       beard's  dikectoby  of  marqueite  county. 


Lene,  Mathew,  laborer,  Iron. 
^Light,  J.  saloon,  Iron. 
Ijilc,  Anton,  laborer,  Case,  near  Brown. 
Londrie,  Jo8.  tinsmith,  Iron,  res.  Case,  near  Pioneer. 
Lonstorf,  N.  dry  goods,  Iron. 

Low,  Cbester,  veterinary  surgeon,  Case,  near  Kanter. 
Lum  &  Peck,  props.  Ogden  House. 
Lum,  H.  Ogden  House. 
Lynch,  John,  laborer,  near  i.  C.  furnace. 


MADDSFORD,  Will'ara,  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 
Mahan,  James,  laborer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Maitland,  A.  W.  lawyer,  I.  C.  Co. 
Marsell  &  Co.  dry  goods,  boots  and  shoes,  crockery,  etc.,  3  sior'*. 

Iron. 
Mathews,  Jos.  machinist,  Jachson  mine. 
Mathews,  Jas.  banker.  Iron. 
Mathewson,  Duncan,  engineer,  Jackson  mine. 
Maxwell,  Robert,  engineer,  Jackson  mine. 
Mazara,  John,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
McCarty,  Martin,  tear^aitsr.  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
McCarty,  Michael,  engineer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
McCloud,  Norman,  painter,  Main,  near  McKenzie. 
McComber,  W.  C  insurance  agent,  Iron. 
McComber,  Alex,  foreman,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
McConley,  Tim,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
McCrea,  A.  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
McGinnis,  B.  plasterer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
McGowan,  Pat,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
McKenzie,  physician,  Iron. 

McKenzie,  Thomas,  livery  and  boarding  house,  Silver. 
McMullen,  Daniel,  wagon  maker,  Lincoln,  near  Pion^r. 
McMuUen,  J.  carpenter,  Lincoln,  near  Pieneer. 
McRuloff,  John,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Mergan,  Charles,  teamster,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 


wmm 


;OUNTY. 


neer. 


inter. 


ion  mine, 
'ioneer. 


ery,  etc.,  3  8ior'«. 


zie. 


Silver. 
Pion^r. 


beard's   directory   of   MMIQUETTE   OUUNTY.  123 


ESTABLISHED    1S40. 


^^MiVt  #  ^ 


K 


Importers  aad  Jobbers  of 


l#© 


OK  ^v/ 


Our  l«.iliti.w  eiv.blc  us. I.  offer  dealeii.  PRICEj;  aid  TKBMS  as  favorable  a» 
.•an  behndiii  Eiintern  .Mart-ct«. 

ilRliKRS  BY  MAIL  will  receive  especiiil  attention,  and  our  long  experience 
„  the  Luke  .SuiTerior  irade  will  be  (ound  of  advantune  in  eelecting  goods  for  that 


1 
market. 


WO  Woodwara  Avenue,  DETROIT. 


D.  CONGDON. 

(Successor  to  Fitch  k  Congdos,) 


'lo  f  oolf  art  Ai:i.,  DETROIT,  Mick. 


Finest  Stock  west  of  New  Yorli. 

LOVTEST     PRICES. 

OBest    Fitting    Garmonts.O 

EVEYRTHING   UNEXCPXLED. 


H^Speoia,!    .A^ttention    to    Orders."^ 


u 

i  r., . 

\J.  > 


% 


-r:r^'^^!S^^^^^^^^^^^ 


m^m^m^^^^^ 


C' 


124  DEAKD'h   DlllEClOBY   OF   MABQUErrE   COUNTY. 


THE  NEW  YORK 


roniilompany 


PBODUCE  PKO"!!  THEIK 


i^il^ 


Situated  on  Sec.  3,  Town  47,  Eange  27, 


Ores  of  Great  Purity  and  Best  Quality. 


BAM'L  J,  TILJDEN, 

President,  New  York, 


\  L.  WETIMOMM, 

General  Manager ^  Marquette 3  Mich, 


i-Mrtuwnai 


i  Quality. 


DEN, 

,  New  York, 


lettea  Mich, 


Merrett,  J.  carpenter,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Merrett,  Wm.  carpenter,  Jackaon,  near  Pioneer. 
Mengaij,  John,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Miner's  Bank,  D.  G.  Stone,  prop.  Ir.>n. 
Mitchel,  George,  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 
Mitchel,  James,  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 
Mitchel  Jos.  teamster.  Empire  House. 
Moran,  Michael,  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 
Morrow,  C.  B.  boards  at  Mrs.  Sterling's, 
Morton,  A.  saloon.  Silver. 
Murphy,  Michael,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Muck,  Chas.  meat  market.  Iron. 

N 

NABEL,  E.  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 
Nash,  William,  clerk,  Peck,  near  Pioneer. 
Neely  &  Eddy,  hardware.  Iron, 
Neely,  Benj.  hardware.  Case,  neai*  Teal. 
Neely,  Wm.  clerk,  Iron. 
Nelson,  B.  shoemaker,  Iron. 
Nelson,  Rasmus,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Nelson,  W.  D.  clerk,  boards  Jackson  House, 
Nero,  James,  laborer,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 
Nesbit,  James,  saloon,  Iron. 
Newton,  Pat,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 
Noe,  William,  machinist,  Jackson  mine. 
Norris,  Hicks  &  Morrow,  general  store,  Iron. 
Norris,  James  W.  boards  M.  Page. 
Norry,  George,  Jackson  mine. 
Norry,  Henry,  agent,  Jackson  mine. 
Northwestern  Telegraph  Company,  John  Kern,  opp.  Iron. 

O 

OATLY,  S.  E.  saloon.  Iron. 
Ogden  House,  Lum  &  Peck,  props.,  Iron. 
O'Leary,  John,  telegraph  operator.  Case,  near  Kanter. 
O'Leary,  John,  blacksmith,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer 


^4;/S!.^'^vWiwg-^'" 


«^? 


.126         beaiid'h  dibectoby  of  MABQuarrE  county. 


O'Leary,  Michael,  laborer,  Case,  near  Kanter. 

Oleson,  Andrew,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 

O'Neil,  M.  grocer.  Iron. 

O'Neil,  Robert,  engineer,  corner  Main  *nd  McKenzie. 

Orthey,  Julius,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 

Orthey,  Mrs.  J.  R.  millinery,  Iron. 


PAGE,  0.  A.  ass't  sup't  C.  and  N.  \V.  ra,ilroad,  Cyr. 
Pagot,  T.  C,  clothing,  Iron. 
Peck,  H.  O.  prop.  Ogden  House. 
Pendill,  B.  P.  Silver,  near  Railroad. 
Pendill,  Frank,  clerk.  Silver,  near  .Railroad. 
Pendill,  Henry,  clerk.  Silver,  near  Railroad. 
Pendill,  James,  clerk.  Silver,  near  Railroad. 
Pendill,  J.  P.  general  store,  Silver,  near  Railroad. 
Peninsular  Brewery,  G.  C.  Sheldon,  prop.  Silver. 
Perkins,  George,  attorney  at  law,  Cyr. 
Pettibone,  Day  &  Morrow,  general  store  Main. 
Perry,  Ed.  clerk,  corner  Lincoln  and  Pioneer. 
Peters,  Robert,  laborer,  corner  Jackson  and  Pioneer. 
Peterson,  A.  saloon.  Iron. 

Peterson,  Andrew,  laborer,  Lincoln,  near  Pioneer. 
Peterson  Chris,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Phillips,  Thomas,  miner,  Kanter,  near  Case. 
Pierce,  A.  grocer,  Iron. 
Pierce,  L.  S.  Center. 

Pierce,  N.  sup't  mine,  corner  Pioneer  and  Case. 
Pische,  Joseph,  carpenter,  Iron. 
Purvis,  Robert,  miner,  near  Cliff  furnace. 

Q 

OUALSTROM,  John,  carpenter,  Case,  near  Brown. 
Quinn,  John,  clothing.  Iron. 
Quinn,  Joseph,  clerk.  Iron. 
Quinn,  Robert,  clerk,  Iron. 


*"         Jvy.rf^-'a-  c-.?^^3.A*' 


■''■iV.  " '■"■"jageWggWWi 


BBAH0*8   DIRECl'ORY   OF   MAUyVKTrK   COUNTY. 


127 


.R 


R 

AIN,  Michael,  machinist,  Jackson  mine. 
Rang,  C.  saloon,  Iron. 


Ray,  Capt.  school  teacher,  bds  at  Mrs.  Caplis. 
Regarr,  Jas.  laborer.  Peck  near  Kanler. 
Renny,  B.  laborer,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 
Risharr,  Francis,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Revere,  Peter,  Main  near  McKenzie. 
Rice,  Frank,  fireman,  boards  at  Mrs.  Caplis. 
Richards,  W.  H.  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 
Richardson,  Geo.  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Riley,  Geo.  engineer,  boards  at  Mrs.  Caplis. 
Roach,  Jas.  miner,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 
Roach,  Wm.  laborer,  Empire  House. 
Roberts,  Henry,  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 
Roberts,  Henry,  laborer,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 
Roland.  Wm.  book-keeper  I.  C.  Co. 
Rosmursen,  Chris,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Rosmurseo,  Hans,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Rosmursen,  Mil.  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Ross  &  Wyman,  fruit  and  vegetables,  Iron. 
Ross.  Alexander,  helper,  Jackson  mine. 
Ross,  Charles,  American  House. 
Ross,  Robert,  engineer,  Jackson  mine. 
Ross  John,  engineer,  Jackson  mine. 
Rough,  H.  contractor,  Jackson  mine- 
Rowland,  William,  P.  M.  boards  St.  James. 
Rowley,  Paul,  carpenter,  Iron. 
Roy,  T.  clerk,  boards  over  N.  Y.  store. 

Pendle,  Thomas,  soda  water  and  bottling  establishment.  Silver. 
Ruplet,  Albert,  tinsmith,  Iron. 
Ryan,  T.  liquors  and  cigars.  Iron. 


« AUNDERS,  Jno.  miner,  Peck  near  R.  R. 
^  Saunders,  Wm.  miner,  Peck  near  R.  R. 


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128 


BEAKD'h    DlIlECTOllY   OF    MARQIIRTTE   COUNTY. 


Sawyer,  A.  carriages,  Silver. 

Scaiilon,  John,  laborer,  JaekHon  mine 

Seanlon,  Tim,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 

Sehalmo,  P.  saloon,  Iron. 

Schmidt  &  Ring,  saloon.  Iron, 

Schmidt,  A.  saloon,  Iron. 

Schneider,  Jacob,  saloon,  Iron. 

Schneider,  John,  tinner,  Iron. 

Schrara,  Fred  .  drver,  Irion. 

Schwartz,  Chas.  mason.  Peck  near  Kanter. 

Schwartz,  J.  shoemaker.  Iron. 

Schwarz,  John,  miner,  Iron. 

Seer,  Jos.,  laborer,  Brown  and  Case, 

Sein,  Adam,  mason,  Peck  near  Kanter. 

Senecan,  Alf.  Pioneer  near  Iron. 

Seymour,  Rev.  E.  Peck  near  R,  R, 

Shannessy,  Wm.  shoemaker.  Case  near  Kanter. 

Shehau,  Joh,n  laborer.  Case  near  McKenzie. 

Shehan,  Thomas,  teamster,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Sheldon,  Geo,,  brewery.  Gold. 

Sherman,  Wm.  engineer,  near  I.  C  furnace. 

Smitbauer,  Jos.  laborer,  Pioneer  near  Clark. 

Smith,  G.  N.  book-keeper,  I.  C,  store. 

Smith,  Jas.  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Smith,  Jos.  machinist,  Jackson  mine. 

Smith,  M.  W.  ass't  road  master.  Case  near  Teal. 

Smith,  R.  laborer,  Iron. 

Snow,  F.  E.  Case  near  Teal. 

Snyder,  Chas.  harness.  Peck  near  Pioneer. 

Snyder,  John,  tinner.  Case  near  Pioneer. 

Sowstorf,  N.  general  store.  Iron. 

Sporley,  G,  boarding  house,  Iron. 

Stack,  Geo.  laborer,  near  I,  C.  furnace. 

Stafford,  Fred,  boards  Jackson  House. 

Stecker,  G.  saloon.  Iron. 

Steele,  S,  H,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

St.  James  Restaurant,  Iron. 


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beabd'b  dibectoby  of  mabquette  county.       129 


Stirling,  A.  J.  clothing,  nor.  Main  and  McKenzie. 

Stirling,  Walter,  clerk,  cor.  Main  and  McKenzie. 

Stockwell,  A.  E.  clothing,  Iron. 

Stone,  D.  G.  banker,  dry  goodfl,  groceries,  etc.,  Iron. 

Stone,  Samuel,  janitor,  Hayden'a  Bank. 

Strand,  Nelaon,  oatler,  Iron. 

Strebbe,  A.  carpenter,  Iron. 

Sullivan,  Daniel,  miner,  near  Sheldon's  brewery. 

Sullivan,  Tim,  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 

Sundberg,  Chaa.  watchmaker,  Iron. 

Sutherland,  Jas.  clerk,  Main  near  McKenzie. 

Sweeney,  E.  livery,  Case  near  Teal. 

Sweeney,  John,  clerk.  Peck  near  McKenzie. 

Swink,  Peter,  butcher.  Case  and  McKenzie. 


T 


TAF,  George,  engineer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Tatty,  M.  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Taylor,  Thomas,  clerk.  Iron. 
Tellon,  Martin,  foreman  Jackson  mine. 
Tiddy,  William,  contractor,  Jackson  mine. 
Tiller,  George,  miner,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Thela,  Charles,  carpenter.  Main,  near  McKenzie. 
Thiel,  Chris,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
The  S.  C.  Smith  Iron  Company. 
Thom,  Charles,  tailor.  Case. 
Thomas,  John  R.  machinist,  Jackson  mine. 
Thompson,  A.  J.  Barber,  Iron. 
Tobin,  Michael,  constable,  Chicago  House. 
Tongung,  Joseph,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Town,  Charles,  tailor,  corner  Case  and  Pioneer. 
Trelease,  E.  A.  prop.  Jackson  House. 
Trezone,  Joseph,  engineer,  Jackson  mine. 
Trudell,  A.  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Truant,  John,  mason,  corner  Case  and  Pioneer. 
Tyler,  John,  laborer,  Peck,  near  Railroad. 


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130 


UKAUU'h   DIRKCTOBY   of  MAligUETTE   COUNTY. 


U 

UHRBACH,  John,  butcher,  Iron. 
Uren,  8.  cabinet  maker.  Iron. 


VA8HR0N,  Louii,  carpenter,  Cn«e,  near  Brown. 
Vashron,  Louis,  Jr.  clerk,  Case,  near  Brown. 
Vick,  George,  laborer.  Peck,  near  Kauter. 
Vigors,  H.  laborer,  Jackson,  near  Pioneer. 
Virren,  William,  shoemaker,  Iron. 
Volker,  J.  J.  jeweler,  Iron. 

W 

WARD,  J.  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Warner,  Wilkes,  Uilor,  Case,  near  McKenzie. 
Warm,  Joel,  agent  Green  Bay  store,  Main,  near  Teal. 
Warm,  Joseph,  clerk.  Main,  near  Teal. 
Wasley,  Frank,  miner,  corner  Case  and  Kanter. 
Wiitony,  John  foreman  Jackson  mine. 
Weed,  Charles  W.  book-keeper,  bank  of  Negaunee. 
Weyman,  J.  W.  jeweler,  Main,  near  McKenzie. 
Welch  &  Morton,  saloon,  Silver. 
Welch,  Richard,  Silver. 
Wells,  T.  L.  clerk,  I.  C.  store. 
Westlie,  tailor,  Iron. 
Wilup,  Ed.  laborer,  near  I.  C.  furnace. 
Williams,  Joel,  stage  line  to  Cliff  mine,  Iron. 
Winter,  Joseph,  butcher,  corner  Main  and  Teal. 
Winter's  Opera  Hall,  Wheelock  &  Winters,  props.  Iron. 
Wheatland,  A.  prop.  Beaumont  House. 
Wheeler,  E.  G.  clerk  Ogden  House. 
Wheelock  &  Winter,  meats.  Iron. 
Wheelock,  J.  meats.  Iron. 
White,  John,  barber.  Peck,  near  Railroad. 
White,  Ole,  laborer,  Jackson  mine. 
Wohl,  Peter,  mason,  Iron. 
WoUner,  H  N.  merchant  tailor,  Iron. 
Wyman,  H.  D.  Iron. 


YIRKE,  Fred,  saloon,  Iron. 
Young,  Ed.  harness,  Iron. 


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BKARD 


I'a  DIRKCTOBY   OF   MABQUETTE  OOCNTY.  131 


Bmmm  il&me 


Brown, 
■own. 


tm  uA  Mmhv  mo. 


MANUFACTURBR8  OF 


Kenzie. 
lear  Teal. 


mmoiiL  nG  ii  m  urn, 


aunee. 
zie. 


fHOM  f UHE  MKE  SUf EBIOIl  0W8, 


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eal. 

props.  Iron. 


Furnace  near  Ishpeming,  Mich. 


GARDNER  GREEN,  President,  Norwich,  Conn. 
D.  R.  SULLIVAN,  Vice     "  "  " 

THEO.  P.  McCURDY,  TreasT. 
C.  H.  HALL,  Agent,  Ishpeming.  Mich. 


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beard's  directory   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY.  133 


'© 


ISHPEMING. 


A 


,  &c. 


Is  made. 


ADAMS,  Jno.,  book-keeper,  with  N.  Hodgkins  &  Co. 
Allen,  Henry,  carpenter,  Pine. 
Allen,  Henrj'.  laborer,  Division. 
Allen,  Juo.,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquotte  R.  R. 
Allen,  Jno.  carpenter,  Pine. 
Allen,  Wm.,  laborer.  Main,  near  Division. 
Allisv>n,  Jno.  M.,  barber,  Main. 
Amraerson,  C.  foundryman,  Superior  foundry. 
Andtrson,  A.  A.  jewelry.  Main. 
Anderson,  Bangt,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Anderson,  C.  saloon,  Main. 

Anderson,  Ch.aS.  clothing,  corner  Pearl  and  1st. 
Anderson,  Chas.  clerk,  Union  Store  Company. 
Anderson,  G.  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 
Anderson,  Jno.,  laborer.  Division. 
Anderson,  Oscar,  Agent  Union  Store  Company. 
Anderson,  Severn,  saloon.  Main, 
Andrews,  H.  weigh-maater,  near  Lake  Angeline. 
Andrews,  Jno.,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Astenius,  J.  O.  clerk,  Main. 
Atwood,  Wm.,  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Austin,  F.  &  C,  meats,  etc..  Division. 

B 

BACON,  Mrs.  S.  millinery,  Main  street. 
Baptist,  Robert,  blacksmith,  corner  2d  and  Cleveland. 
Barnes,  L.  clergyman,  corner  Division  and  3d. 


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134  BEABd's   DIBEOrOBY  OF  MABQUETTE   COUNTY. 


Baruum  Iron  Mine,  W.  H.  Murray  sup't. 

Bauer,  Seb.  clerk  with  Henrietta  &  Co. 

Beckman,  Ed.  policeman,  corner  Pearl  and  Main. 

Benberg,  O.  N.  saloon,  corner  2d  and  Cleveland. 

Bennett,  A.  butcher.  Main. 

Beunett,  C  J.  clerk  with  Myers  &  Biglow,  Main. 

Berg,  Charles,  laborer,  corner  Cleveland  and  Ist. 

Besnit,  N.  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 

Bewnander,  John,  clerk,  Main,  near  Front. 

Bice,  Win.  laborer.  Division,  near  Main. 

Bicale,  George,  laborer,  1st,  ?<ear  F-v.quette  Railroad. 

Bissonette,  Louis,  teamster  fj    ^"i'         "'  Biglow. 

Biglow,  B.  S.  physician  to  rainw,  iiue. 

Bjorkslaud,  And.  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 

Blackwell,  T.  blacksmith,  Superior  foundry. 

Blake,  Wm.  clerk  with  Henrietta  &  Co. 

Bout,  Fred,  fireman,  Superior  foundry. 

Bourke,  P.  wholesale  wines  and  liquors,  Main  street. 

Boyce,  H.  N.  book-keeper,  with  B.  M.  Colwell. 

Braasted,  Fred,  agent,  Nora's  Store  Co. 

Brasear,  Xavier,  saloon,  Pearl. 

Bundy,  ,D.  R.  clerk,  with  B.  M.  Colwell. 

Burschel,  Andrew,  livery,  Division,  near  1st. 

Burk,  George,  saloon,  Main. 

Burns,  Andrew,  saloon.  Division. 

Bush,  V.  A.  saloon,  corner  Ist  and  Clevela.^ 


CAIN,  Pat.  saloon,  Division,  near  Main. 
California  House,  P.  Haspel,  prop.  Pearl. 
Campbell,  C.  D.  clerk  with  J.  C.  Ward. 
Canfield,  D.  F.  Ish.  Bank. 

Carpenter,  W.  T.  physician  to  mines.  Main,  near  Division. 
Cliabebeau,  Nau,  boarding  house.  Division. 
Chamberlain,  Oscar,  book-keeper.  Union    tore  Company. 
Christiansen,  Chris,  book-keeper,  Unio'^   '•  'e  Company. 
Christiansen,  W.  clerk,  Noras  Store  Comi  tuy. 


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DIBECTORTf  OP   MABQUETTE  COUNTY.  135 


ISHPEffiNG  SQDARl  DEALING  CLOTHIHG  STORE. 


CHaS.  a.  anberbos, 


'DSALB'R  IJ^ 


HING, 


IttJsiuWni)  fido^S, 


HaU,  Gaps.  Trunks.  Valises.  &c. 


A  Splendid  Line  of 


Ym%M  and  B©ys'  ClotMiig. 


Corner  First  and  Pearl  Sts.,  3  doors  from  Union  Store, 


ISHPEMINQ.  MICH. 


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136       beard's  directoby  op  marquette  county. 


Union  Store  Company 


OSCAR  ANDERSON,  Agent. 


DEALERS  IN 


®illll 


PROVISIONS, 


BOOTS  AM)  SmOE 


OROCKERY  AND  GLASSWARE, 


CLOTHING, 

HATS  AM)  CAPS. 


ISHPEMma,  MICHIOAJ^. 


on 


COUNTY. 


INT. 


=>, 


mm 


riRE, 


MICHIGAJ^. 


Christy,  John,  laborer,  Division,  near  Main. 
Clark,  James,  yard-master,  boards  at  Mrs.  Crawford's. 
Clark,  W.  S.  soda  water  works,  Division. 
Clayton,  G.  telegraph  operator,  Marquette  Depot. 

ClevelaOid  Iron  iline,  F.  B.  Mills,  Supt. 

Clines,  E.  teamster.  Main,  near  Division. 

Cofferits,  John,  butcher,  Pearl,  near  1st. 

Cofferits,  Sam.  butcher.  Pearl,  near  Ist. 

Coleman,  John  B.  taxidermist,  Division. 

Colwell,  B.  M.  hardware.  Main. 

Combs,  Wm.  H.  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 

(k)ngden,  Mich,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 

Conners,  John,  laborer,  with  And.  Burchel. 

Cough,  Pat.  saloon.  Division. 

Corlson,  J.  machinist,  Supr.  Foundry. 

Crabb,  Richard  carpenter.  Main,  near  Division. 

Crabb,  Simon,  laborer.  Main,  near  Division. 

Crawford,  Mrs.  E.  boarding  house,  near  Marquette  Depot. 

Cundy,  Chas.  butcher,  Cal.  House. 

Cylling,  Philip,  saloon,  Main. 

D 

DAHLIN,  A.  blacksmith,  Superior  foundry. 
Daniel,  J.  pattern  maker,  Superior  foundry. 
Daniel,  Samuel,  laborer,  1st,  near  Marquette  railroad. 
Datcher,  A.  J.  general  store,  corner  Ist  and  Cleveland. 
Day,  Jetf.  book-keeper,  Pine. 
Decker,  D.  Steele,  lumber,  corner  2d  and  Division. 
Demaric,  Joseph,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marqette  railr  id. 

Deer  Lake  Iron  and  Lumber  Company,  C.  H.  Hail, 

sup't,  2  miles  distant. 

Demearais,  George,  blacksmith  and  wagon-shop,  2d  near  Cleve- 
land. 

Devine,  Pat,  saloon.  Main. 

Devan,  John,  laborer,  Division. 

Divan,  P.  saloon.  Main. 

Dolan,  John,  laborer,  Division. 


,..,iwriM#«iriw»iiiig|p«!iiy'i'»y"-< 


■;<gff,#iwfe»l-'»gl'."t'»^ 


138       beabd's  directory  op  marquette  county. 


Donahue.  Con.  clerk  with  B.  M.  Colwell. 

Donahue  &  Co.  boots  and  shoes,  corner  Pine  and  Division. 

Donahue,  T.  F.  liquors,  corner  Pine  and  Division. 

Donpier,  Fritz,  laborer,  2d,  near  Division. 

Donpier,  Jacob,  laborer.  Id,  near  Division. 

Duffy,  James,  saloon.  Division. 

Dunn,  George,  with  N.  Hodgkius  &  Co. 

Dunn,  M.  T.  bakery  and  restaurant,  corner  Division  and  Ist. 

E 

EAGAIT,  John,  laborer,  Division,  near  Main. 
Earle,  C.  M.  W.  boots  and  shoes.  Main. 
Ebstrup,  butcher,  Pearl,  near  lat. 
Eddy,  Eugene,  clerk.  Main. 
Edyrain,  John,  harness,  1st. 
Ekland,  John,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Ellis,  John,  laborer,  1st,  near  Marquette  R.  K. 
Elson,  H.  8.  butcher,  Main. 
Ely,  C.  R.  clerk,  with  B.  M.  Colwell. 
Emery,  A.  G.  photographer.  Pearl. 
Endelman,  M.  jeweler.  Main. 
Ericson,  A.  laborer,  Cleveland  and  Ist. 
Excelsior  Iron  Mine,  J.  Fredericks,  sup't.,  3  miles  distant. 
Excelsior  Kilns,  J.  Fredericks,  prop.,  3  miles  distant. 

• 

F 

FEEDER,  George,  plasterer,  corner  Pearl  and  Main. 
Fenah,  Andrew,  laborer,  2d.  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Finney,  R.  P.  clerk,  corner  Pearl  and  Main. 
First  National  Bank,  R.  Nelson,  pres't.  Main. 
Fleming,  James  T.  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  railroad. 
Foley,  I.  C.  &  Cc.  clothing  and  dry  goods,  Main 
Frpr.vlo,  John,  clothing  and  dry  goods.  Main. 
Franscene,  F.  O.  clerk,  corner  Pearl  and  Ist. 
Frontz,  John,  plasterer,  corner  Pearl  and  Main, 
Fugles,  Aaron,  bartender,  corner  1st  and  Cleveland, 


wm 


mmmmmm 


OUNTY. 


beard's  direotoby  op  marquettk  county.       139 


i  Division. 
»n. 


ision  and  1st. 


les  distant, 
istant. 


id  Main, 
te  Railroad. 


railroad. 


land. 


G 

GALLAGHER,  James,  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 
Galline,  A.  teamster,  with  Myers  &  Biglow,  Main. 
Geary,  John,  general  store,  Main. 
Gettman,  John,  butcher.  Main. , 
Gevert,  B.  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Gillenberg,  Peter,  laborer,  corner  Pearl  and  Main. 
Gilling,  T.  F.  saloon,  Main. 
Girline,  Andrew,  laborer,  Cleveland,  near  Isi. 
Girzikowsky,  E.  &  Co.,  jewelers,  Main. 
Glasson,  James  carpenter.  Pine. 
Glcason,  Pat.,  laborer.  Main,  near  Division. 
Gleason,  Pat.,  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Gochin,  John  W.  clerk,  with  Neely  &  Eddy. 
Gold,  John,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Gong,  Eli,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Gonier,  C.  hostler.  Main,  near  Division. , 
Green,  Richard,  moulder,  Division,  near  Main. 
Gribbon,  James,  laborer.  Division.  " 

Griep,  B.  liquors,  Main. 
Griep,  Bernhard,  merchant  tailor,  Main. 
Grombach,  Isaac,  agent  Kahn  &  Newman. 
Guisnier,  Marcell  &  Co.,  dry  goods  and  clothing,  Main. 
Guisnier,  F.  clothing.  Main.  ^ 
Gunther,  Frank,  saloon.  Division. 
Gylding,  John  F.  saloon.  Main. 

H 

HALY,  John,  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Hall,  David,  veterinary  surgeon. 
Hansen,  Peter,  policeman,  Superior  Foundry. 
Harrigan,  Cal.  laborer,  Division,  near  Main. 
Harris,  John,  saloon.  Division. 
Harris,  John,  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 
Harris,  Thomas,  laborer.  Main,  near  Division. 
Hawkins,  John,  carpenter,  Division. 


«s0&m:i'':a0i:¥fws^f>^ssismsm-im^f'f"'i'^ 


':w^' 


140  BEABD'b  DIREOTOBY   of  MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


Hawley,  M.  carpenter.  Division. 

Hays,  Jamee,  book-keeper,  Main. 

Hays,  Thomas,  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 

Heaton,  T.  physician,  Pine. 

Heineman,  H.  8.  clothing.  Main. 

Heineman  &  JacoSson,  clothing,  Main. 

Heudeyx,  F.  A.  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 

Henley,  Peter,  laborer,  Division. 

Henleyson,  C.  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 

Henrietta,  J.  &  Co.,  meats.  Main. 

Henrietta,  Miles,  meats.  Main. 

Hickey,  Wm.  laborer.  Main,  near  Division. 

Higgins,  John,  shoemaker.  Division,  near  Main. 

Hill,  Edwin,  clerk,  with  Myers  &  Biglow. 

Hillsdale,  Wm.  clerk,  corner  Pearl  and  Ist. 

Hocking,  Wm.  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 

Hodgkins,  N.  &  Co.,  livery,  Pearl,  near  Ist. 

Hodgkins,  Gilbert,  livvy»  Pearl,  near  1st. 

Holman,  Frank,  near  Lake  Angeline. 

Hornstein,  Ed.  derk,  Main. 

Hosking,  Wm.  Main. 

Hospel,  P.  prop.  Cal.  House. 

Houle,  Cyrille,  baggage-maater,  2d. 

Howard,  Henry,  clerk,  corner  Pine  and  Division. 

Hubbard,  Samuel,  laborer,  1st,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 

Hughes,  Jas.  butcher.  Division. 


ISAACS,  Justus,  laborer,  Division,  near  Ist. 
Ishpeming  Bank,  Robert  Nelson   and  H.  E.  Hayden, 
props.,  D.  F.  Wentworth,  cash.,  Pine  and  Main. 
Ishpeming  Hospitjil,  R.  Nelson,  pres..  Main. 


TACKSON,  G.  W.  barber.  Main. 
I    Jacobi,  Aug.  baker.  Division,  near  1st. 
Jacobson,  Henry,  jewelry,  Main. 


ik-uhk. . 


mmfmmm^^ 


;:^F^' 


Jacobson,  A.  clothing,  Main. 

Jacques,  A.  laborer,  2d,  near  Division. 

James,  H.  machinist,  Superior  foundry. 

Jenks,  M.  furniture.  Main. 

Jochim,  John,  saloon,  Main. 

Jones,  P.  boards  Mr^.  Crawford's. 

Johnson,  Aug.  engineer,  Division. 

Johnson,  Aug.  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 

Johnson,  C.  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 

Johnson,  Charles,  shoemaker,  1st,  near  Cleveland. 

Johnson,  Fred,  book-keeper,  Cleveland,  near  1st 

Johnson,  Gust,  pattern  maker,  Superior  foundry. 

Johnson,  G.  D.  carpenter,  Superior  mine. 

Johnson,  H.  saloon,  2d,  near  Cleveland. 

Johnson,  J.  book-keeper.  Main. 

Johnson,  L.  B.  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 

Johnson,  M.  saloon,  Ist,  near  Front. 

Johnson,  M.  &  Co.  saloon.  Pearl,  near  Main. 

Johnson,  S.  clerk,  Nora's  Store  Co. 

Johnson,  Seymour,  clerk,  Superior  mine. 

Johnson,  J.  B.  clerk,  with  Myers  &  Biglow. 

Jury,  Mrs.  M.  Saloon,  Cleveland. 

K 

KAHN  &  Newman,  clothing.  Main. 
Kendergaw,  B.  fireman.  Division. 
Keeve,  Jas.  laborer.  Division,  near  Main. 
Kennedy,  Cornelius,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Division. 
Kennedy,  C.  weigh-master,  Division. 
Kennedy,  Jas.  laborer.  Division,  near  Main. 
Kirkwood  Bros.,  drugs,  stationery,  etc.,  Main. 
Kretchmar,  H.  furniture,  corner  1. '  and  Cleveland. 


AIRD,  Jas.  clerk,  Hetirietta  &  Co. 
La  Fever,  Henry,  butcher,  Cal.  House. 


iita-ii.i.irwa^iip.lp'iRSBjgjaji?^^  •;M'''i^^^ 


142        beard'h  dibeotoby  of  mabqoette  county. 


Lake  Angeline  Mine,  H.  Deamond,  aup't. 

Lake  Superior  Iron  Mine,  G.  D.  Johnson,  sup't. 
Lake  Superior  Peat  Furnace,  J.  B.  Lyon,  sup't 
Lake  Superior  Peat  Works,  J-  H.  Welch,  sup't. 

Laeflin,  Jas.  plasterer,  corner  Pearl  and  Main. 

Larseii,  Andrew,  clerk  with  Myers  &  Bige^ow. 

Larange,  Jos.  saloon,  Pearl  street. 

Larsen,  Andrew,  saloon,  corner  Cleveland  and  Ist. 

Lawson,  J.  laborer,  corner  Cleveland  and  1st. 

I^ee,  Scoville,  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 

Le  May,  Nap.  shoemaker,  corner  Division  and  Main. 

Lewis,  8.  W.  foreman,  Superior  Foundry. 

Linn,  Michael,  mason,  Division. 

Linquist,  August,  laborer,  corner  2d  and  Marquette  R.  R, 

Londquest,  P.  O.  shoemaker,  Cleveland,  near  Ist. 

Lonvil,  A.  shoemaker,  Euclid. 

Lorenge,  Jos.  saloon,  Pearl. 

Loth,  Jos.  saloon,  Maioi 

Lund,  Missel,  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 

Lundbery,  Andrew,  clerk,  corner  Cleveland  and  Ist. 

Lynch,  D.  saloon.  Pearl,  near  1st.     * 

Lyon,  Dennis,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 

Lyons,  F.  engineer,  near  Lake  Angeline. 

M 

MACK,  Daniel,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Madden,  John,  mason.  Main,  near  Division. 
Malone,  John,  clerk  with  Henrietta  &  Co. 
Malquist,  Charles,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Malquist,  John,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Maualy  Arthur,  wagon  maker,  2d,  near  Cleveland. 
Marchant,  B.  saloon,  Pearl. 
Marquette,  Houghton  &  Ontonagon  Railroad,  W.  J.  Newman, 

agent. 
Maroney,  John,  saloon,  Division,  near  Main.  * 

Mathews  House,  M.  Mather,  prop.,  Main. 
McCallen,  W.  J.  machinist,  Superior  foundry. 


-a;,-*»^4^  5*r  *!-  -frV^^tJsS^^  "^^rjf?  ""yy^  ^ijBiqtT- 


DOUNTY. 


n,  Bup't. 
)n,  sup't. 
1,  Bup't. 


St. 


IVIaiu. 


ette  R.  R. 

t. 


BKAMD'S   WBECTOBY   ok   MABQUErrE   COUNTY.  143 


Ist. 


i  Railroad, 
on. 

Railroad. 

iiroad. 

nd. 

W.  J.  Newman, 


McCulloch,  P.  carpenter,  Division,  near  Main. 
McDonald,  A.  prop.  Sherman  House. 
McFarland,  T.  F.  harness,  Division. 
McGinty,  Ed.  Clerk,  Pine. 
McGinty,  Pat.  wagon  maker,  Pine. 
McGinty,  Wm.  freight  agent,  Pine. 
McHugh,  E.  J.  watchmaker.  Main,  near  Pearl. 

Mclnness, ,  clerk,  lat,  near  Cleveland. 

McNamara,  Charles,  harness  maker,  and  dealer  in  trunks, 

etc..  Division. 
Meeter,  Joseph,  harness,  1st 

Mertine,  Casper,  blacksmith,  corner  Pearl  and  Main. 
Michael.  James,  laborer,  Pearl,  near  1st. 
Milbach,  Charles,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Mildon,  H.  H.  liquors,  Main. 
Miles,  John,  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Mills  House,  J.  H.  Mills,  prop.  Division  St. 
Mills,  Capt.  F.  P.  Cleveland  mine. 
Mills,  J.  H.  prop.  Mills  House,  Division  St. 
Mockler,  John,  grocer,  Main. 

Mocklcr,  Wra.  clerk,  Main,  near  Front. 

Monahan,  Peter,  grocer,  Ist,  near  Cleveland. 

Moran,  Hugh,  clerk,  Division,  near  1st. 

Morley,  Pat.  machinist  Superior  foundry. 

Morrison,  John  E.  wagon  maker,  Euclid. 

Morthey,  Jas.  machinist,  Superior  foundry. 

Mullen,  Daniel,  clerk,  Ist,  near  Cleveland. 

Mullen,  J.  lal)orer,  Euclid. 

Murray,  Robbins  &  Co.  general  store,  Main, 

Murray,  Frank,  blacksmith,  2d,  near  Cleveland. 

Myhre,  B.  shoemaker,  1st,  near  Cleveland. 

Myers  &  Biglow,  general  merchandise,  next   door  to  Bank  of 
Ishpeming. 

Myers,  A,  A.  res.  Euclid  St. 


N 


N 

AIL,  Ed.  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 
Nedo,  Mrs.  C.  saloon,  Pearl  street. 


aTiiiilfig-.TjCiiilyiljIjIl^ 


■;ji  i;iiHyitv;,i«,.;',';ji;il  IgS'fttSgy^ 


.-'■...■■'-!  Jit!*?.' IWJi 


.M-ess 


144  beard's  DIKECTOBy  OF  MABQUErrE   COUNTY. 


ISHPEMING.  MICH. 

MANUFACTURKR8  OF 

ENGINES, 


Blast  "^urnace, 


Mir^ITVO^     JILIVD     lyilLI^ 


Iron  and  Brass  Castings, 

BOILERS 


BUILT  AND  BEFAIBED. 

A  full  Block  of  STEAM  AND  GAS  GAS  PIPE,  AND  FITTINGS  of 
all  kinds  and  descriptions.    A  large  and  complete  stock  of 

RUBBER    AND    HEMP    PACKING. 

All  sizes  of  Bar  and  Round  Iron  always  on  hand. 
Agents  for  Knowles'  Patent  Steam  Pumps,  Wm.  Canfield  &  Co's  Empire 

Packing. 


i^'AjSeSasi, 


BOUNTY. 


'» 


IILI^ 


ngs, 


^D  FITTINGS  of 
ete  slock  of 


\CKING. 

I  hand. 

eld  &  Co's  Empire 


deabd'h  niuErrouY  op  jiARQUKrrK  county.       145 


Neely  &  Eddy,  hardware,  Main. 

Neely,  Thos.  agent,  Ne«ly  &  Kddy. 

Nelson  A  ftayden,  iron  agenU,  Main  street. 

NelBon,  E.  D.  cashier,  Ist  National  Hank, 

NeUon,  U.  president  1st  National  Bank. 

Nelson,  R.  president  Ish.  Hank. 

Nelson,  VV.  S.  grocer,  Main. 

Nelson,  U.  &  Co.,  meat  market,  Division. 

Neuberger,  U.  millinery  and  clothing,  Main. 

Neuberger,  P.  auction  and  commission,  Main. 

Newman,  V.  J.  age.it  American  Express  Company,  Depot 

New  England  Mine,  Hon.  H.  C.  Williams,  sup't.  3  miles  distant. 

N.  Y.  Mine  Store,  gen.  mer.,  J.  H.  Gillett  manager,  N.  Y.  Mine. 

New  Superior  Mine.  G.  F.  Tracey     -p't.  5  miles  distant. 

New  York  Mine.  Hon.  ^''    E.  Dickenson,  sup't. 

Niles,  C.  ph>(tician,  Pii 

Nixon,  John,  clerk,  with  H.  M.  Colwell. 

Nolan,  Michael,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 

Nolen,  John,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marqi:ette  R.  R. 

Noras  Store  Co.  gen.  store,  Fred  Braasted  agt., Cleveland,  near  Ist. 

Norberry,  John  E.  agent,  hardware,  Main. 

Norton,  VVm.  laborer,  1st.  near  Marquette  R.  R. 

Northmore,  John,  prin.  High  School,  Main. 

Mygraw,  Ernest,  clerk,  Kahn  &  Newman. 

O 

ODGERS,  Richard,  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Oie,  J.  N.  grocer.  Main. 
Oie  &  Nelson,  grocers.  Main. 
Oien,  Henry,  saloon,  Cleveland,  near  Main. 
O'Leary,  M.  J.  billiard  room,  Division. 
O'Leary.  Michael,  shoemaker,  Divisidn,  near  Main. 
Olesen,  L.  carpenter.  Division. 
Oliver,  Wm.  &  Co.,  livery  stable. 

Oliver,  John,  carpenter,  Hematite  mine,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 
Oliver,  Thoma  ,  book-keeper. 
O'Niel,  Terance,  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 
Osborn,  L.  E.  manager  Superior  Foundry. 


i! 


•I 
-ft* 


■U-' 


■JM 


146  beard's   DIBECrOBY   OF   MABQUETTE   COUNTY. 


PAINTER,  William,  Main,  near  Division. 
Parks  «fe  Haydcn,  attorneys,  Main  street. 
Parkes,  A  C.  machinist,  Superior  foundry. 
Parkes,  Samuel,  machinist,  Superior  foundry. 
Fendill  &  Beatty,  general  store.  Main. 
Penglase,  John,  laborer,  Division. 
Peuna,  J.  P  Superior  mine. 

Perry,  William,  laborer,  Ist,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Pet«reon,  A.  shoemaker,  1st,  near  Cleveland. 
Peterson,  A.  E.  saloon,  1st,  near  Front. 
Peterson,  A.  O.  clerk,  Nora's  Store  Co. 
Peterson,  Charles,  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Peterson,  John,  saloon,  Ist,  near  Front. 
Peterson,  K.  laborer,  2d,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Peterson,  Peter,  saloon,  Cleveland,  near  Ist. 
Ficands,  Van  Cleve  &  Co.,  hardware,  mining  supplies,  etc. 
Pierce,  N.  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 
Pierce,  Samuel,  Main,  near  Division. 
Ponthwait,  John, 
Provost.  Michael,  shoemaker,  division,  near  Main. 

R 

RAISKY,  W.  F.  saloon.  Main. 
Reynolds,  J.  engineer,  Pine. 
Rice,  Samuel,  liquors  and  tobacco,  Main. 
Richards,  Alfred,  moulder,  Division,  near  Main. 
Richards,  A.  J.  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 
Richards,  F.  W.  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 
Rider,  Richard,  butcher,  Division. 
Filey,  W.  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 
Riplel,  John,  photographer,  with  Emery. 
Robbins,  E.  clothing,  boots  and  shoes.  Main. 
Roden,  John,  laborer,  Cleveland,  near  1st. 
Rogers,  Wm.  laborer,  Division. 
Rones,  J.  post-master,  Pine. 


"i^j^r^- 


n,  ii'iiiii|i»>pi>'>*M.i*fti»»"« 


OTJNTY. 


beard's   directory   op    MARQrFTTE   COUNTY.  147 


Ropes,  J.  &  Co.,  drugs,  Stationery,  and  consulting  chemist, 

corner  Pine  and  Division. 
Russell,  Frank,  shoemaker,  Division,  near  Main. 
Ryan.  John,  carpenter,  Division,  neai'  Main. 
Ryan,  John,  lahorer.  Main,  near  Division. 
Ryan,  Mathew,  saloon,  Main. 


ilroad. 


in. 


SAGINAW  Iron  Mine,  J.  P.  Mitchell,  sup't.  5  miles  distant. 
Sanson,  John,  saloon,  corner  Cleveland  and  3d. 
Sandberg,  Andrew,  clerk,  with  Myers  &  Biglow. 
Sargent,  VVm.  clerk,  Main. 

Schlin,  John,  clerk,  with  Union  Store  Company. 
Shaner,  Chas.  clerk,  Henrietta  &  Co. 
Sheldon,  Geo.  clerk.  Pine. 
Sherley,  W.  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 
Sherman  House,  A.  McDonald,  prop.,  Division. 
Shiel,  Pat.,  shoemaker,  Division. 
Sieble,  Philip,  butcher,  Cal.  House. 
Sillistrap,  P.  R.  watchmaker.  Main. 
Slatlerly,  Michael,  shoemaker.  Division,  near  Main. 

Sloat,  O.  D.  agent  C.  &  N.  W.  Railway,  Main. 

Slyney,  J.  laborer,  1st,  near  Marquette  R.  R. 

Smith,  Jas.  B.  book-keeper,  Superior  Foundry. 

Smith,  Peter,  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 

Smith,  W.  machinist,  Superior  Foundry. 

Smith,  W.  G.  harness,  Division. 

Smith,  W.  R.  pop  works.  Division. 

Soddgreen,  Gus.  teamster,  Division,  near  Main. 

Solberg.  Samuel,  clerk,  Union  Store  Company. 

Spencer,  J.  L.  harnsa-maker,  Pearl. 

Staftbrd,  W.  8.  Division. 

Stanley,  L.  H.  agent,  Dicker  &  Steele. 

St.  Germain,  John  B.  policeman,  Pearl. 

Stockwell  &  Ward,  dry  goods.  Main. 

Stolt,  J.  P.  saloon,  corner  Cleveland  and  Ist. 

Streeter,  E.  8.  lumber,  come.  Lake  and  Front. 


.i-a^AjUi4«*<M*ij«^¥*'*!^^^^^«*'™^"r 


,^,:z.jsssi 


148 


beard's   DIBECTOBY   op  MArtlUETTE   COUNTY. 


Superior  Foundry,  comer  Lake  and  IVont. 
Swift,  W.  F.  attorney-at-law,  Main. 


T ALLEN;  John  A.  clerk,  Hineman  &  Jackson. 
Tengue,  T.  J.  machinist,  Superior  foundry. 
Thomson,  S.  A.  clerk,  Cleveland. 
Tislor,  W.  O.  saloon.  Pearl,  near  Ist. 
Trebilcock,  William,  laborer,  Pine. 
Trevilcock,  James,  laborer,  Division. 
Truan,  John,  saloon.  Main. 
Truscott,  William,  clerk,  Main. 
Trygsland,  S.  clerk,  Kahn  &  Newman. 


UNION  STORE  CO.,  cash  capital  $10,000,  Oscar  An- 
derson, agent.  Pearl,  near  Ist. 


V 


AUGHN,  Misses  A.  D.  millinery,  Main. 
Volker,  N.  saloon,  Main. 


WADSWORTH,  D.  F.  cashier  Ishpeming  Bank. 
Wallace,  L.  laborer,  Division. 
Ward,  J.  G.  clothing  and  dry  goods,  Main. 
Waters,  John,  contractor.  Main. 
Webster,  William,  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 
Welsh,  Alex,  saloon,  Pine. 
Wesley,  John,  wagon  maker,  2d,  near  Cleveland. 
White,  Jacob,  boarding  house,  Ist,  near  Marquette  Railroad. 
Wheeler,  8.  S.  physician.  Main. 
Wilhurst,  M.  machinist,  Superior  foundry. 
Wilkinson,  K.  physician,  Pine. 

Williams  Iron  Mine,  S.  S.  Curry,  supt.  3  miles  distant. 
Williams,  Thomas,  laborer,  Main,  near  Division. 


beard's  dibectoey  of  mabquette  county.       149 


kson. 


Wilson  D.  contractor,  opp.  Marquette  depot. 

Wingate,  C.  H.  genera!  store,  Main. 

Winters,  Joseph,  meat  market,  Main. 

Winthrop  Mine,  Richardson  &  Wood,  supts.  3  miles  distant. 

Wilt,  A.  A.  butcher.  Pearl,  near  Ist. 

Woodlock,  William,  saloon.  Division. 

Wright  &  Outhwaite,  general  store,  Cleveland  Mine. 


'OUNG,  Max,  clerk.  Main. 
Young,  O.  clerk,  Pine. 


0,000,  Oscar  An- 


ETHRALUS,  F.  G.  W.  clerk,  Division. 
'  Znerol,  A.  P.  jeweler.  Main. 


Bank. 


d. 

3tte  Railroad. 


listaut. 


r^y*™*  ''^*'^'^"IS''.'^^'.'''!'''■'^'V^'-''''W%'*W?^^  Bi  jimiijywoi  in'iirmi  t^' 


wr 


'■■r?>^s 


150  BEABP'a   DUIECTORY   OF   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


MICHIGAMME. 


This  town  having  been  totally  degtroyed  by  fire,  in  June, 
1873,  and  rebuilt  in  August  of  the  same  year,  we  give  the  adult 
names  taken  from  the  census  rolls,  compiled  in  August,  as  an 
evidence  of  the  wonderful  energy,  enterprise  and  resources  of 
the  citizens  of  this  town.  On  account  of  the  unsettled  state  of 
affairs,  we  are  unable  to  ^rive  the  business  or  occupation  of  all 
the  residents,  many  being  ac  a  loss  themselves  to  state  what  they 
intend  as  yet  to  follow  for  a  livelihood.  We  do  not  wish  to  be 
understood  by  this  that  the  town  is  mado  up  of  idlers,  far  from 
it,  there  seems  no  drones  here,  on  the  ":ntrary,  all  is  life,  activity 
and  business. 

A 

Anderson,  Peter,  board'g  house. 

Anderson,  Simon. 

Angefe,  David. 

Anson,  John. 

Anson,  Ole, 

Armstrong,  G. 

Armstrong,  J.  B. 

Arroatroiig,  W.  H. 

Ayotte  John. 


Alexander  &  Hanna,  hotel. 
Ai  Jerson  A. 

Anderson,  Andrew,  saloon. 
Anderson,  Chas. 
Anderson,  H. 
Anderson,  John. 
Anderson,  Laws. 
Anderson,  Lewis. 
Anderson,  Martin. 
Anderson,  P. 


Backman,  Oli. 
Bang,  Peter. 
Bank'iead,  Wm. 
Bargoau,  Louis. 


B 

Barker,  A. 
Barman,  Fred. 
Barnes,  H.  M. 
Barry,  A. 


■Mi'&Mi^'i^^ 


'I'.fc'SSer 


Hn 


.  _..-, 1  I  .  r.'t^'i -jt^m 


COUNTY. 


BEAKD'S   directory   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


151 


E. 


by  fire,  in  June, 
we  give  the  adult 
in  August,  as  an 
and  resources  of 
unsettled  state  of 
occupation  of  all 
to  state  what  they 
io  not  wish  to  be 
3f  idlers,  far  from 
ill  is  life,  activity 


er,  board'g  house, 
ion. 


B. 


L.  J.  CLEVELAND'S 

EUREKA 

OINTME^NT 

CURES  ALL  KINDS  OF  SORES  ON 
AND  ALL  SWELLINGS  CAUSED  BY 

Huvts^    Sprains    or    Bruises. 

, »  ^  §    ■»—... .    -  ■■' 

CORNS.— It  virtually  euros  corns  in  twenty-four  hour*,  relievinn  all  pain  and  sore- 
ness, and  effectually  cures  In  ten  days.  ,  -     .  ,  J     11  1  ■   J      n. 

MOSQUITO  BITES.— It  cures  mosoulto.  insect  and  fly  biles,  and  all  kinds  i)f  bee 
atinua  in  one  to  twelve  hours,  and  keeps  them  off. 

CHILBLAINS.— It  cures  chilblains  in  three  to  five  days. 

LAM  K  BACK.— It  cures  lame  back  in  three  to  ten  days.  ,     ,        .  . 

UURNS.--It  Ukos  all  soreness  out  of  burns  in  twelve  to  twenty-four  hours  and 
heals  very  taat. 

SCALDS.— The  same  as  burns. 

SORE   rilROAT.-Itrplievesall  pain  in  one  night. 

SWBELLED  FACE.-U  relieves  the  pain  m  one  to  twenty-four  h,)ar8. 

CUTS  AND  WOUNDS.— It  takes  out  the  soreness  m  tour  to  forty-eight  hours. 

BOILS.— It  takes  out  pain  in  boils  in  six  to  twelve  hours  and  cures  in  3  to  5  dayi- 

KELONS.— Same  as  boils  on!v  longer  to  cure  them.  ..  .    ^t 

SORE  EYES  cured  in  5  to  10  days.    Put  the  ointment  around  the  eye  not  m  the  eye. 

FKOST  BITES  cured  in  five  to  ten  days.  ...  ,         j 

PILES  cured  in  seven  to  eightaon  days.    Use  a  small  syringe  twice  a  day. 

•\!1UPPED  HANDS  cured  in  four  or  Hve  days. 

CHAFES  and  OALLS  o(  any  kind  cured  in  twelve  to  forty-eight  hours. 

NKURALOIA  cured  in  three  to  ten  da.vo. 

EAR  ACHE  cured  in  fifteen  minutes  to  three  hours. 

SCRATCHES  cured  in  three  to  eight  days. 

SPEED  CRACKS.— Same  as  scratches. 

OREASED  UKEL  cured  in  ten  to  eighteen  days.  „,,„,,    „  u   oi,.„-,    ntA 

Itoh  Sourvey,  Ring  Worms,  Scrofula.  Fever  Sores.  Poll  Evil,  Salt  Rhenm,  Old 
Sores  and  Erysipelas  cured  in  two  to  twelve  weeks. 


Apply  the  ointment  in  any  way  most  cii  enient  and  not  hurt  the  sore  or  part 
affected.  In  case  of  sores  where  there  is  swelling,  get  it  all  over  the  swelling  as  well 
as  the  sore.  It  does  not  smart  any  sore.  For  corns,  pare  them  every  aigbt,  (n  jt 
hurt  them)  for  eight  or  ten  nights  and  they  will  disappear. 


TESTIMONIALS  PEOM  THE  TOLLOWINCl  PASTIES : 

David  Hall.  Veterinary  Surgeon,  Ishpeming.  Mich;  A.  E.  McDonald,  foreman 
Spurr  .Mountain  Mine  Stable,  Spurr  Mountain,  Mich-:  B.  F.  Reed,  foreman  m 
Miohiganirae  Mine  Stable,  .Miohigaiume.  Mich.  ;  Win.  Watkins,  foiem«n  in  Chaui-  . 
Pion  Furnace  Stable,  Champion.  .Mich.;  A.  W.  Wheat,  foreaian  in  tinma  Mine 
Stable,  Cascade.  Mich.;  Robert  Parker,  foreman  in  '^hampion  Mine  Stable,  Cham- 
pion Miah. :  Frederick  Lamsoii,  foromim  in  Washingion  Mine  Stable,  Uumboldt. 
Mich.;  Joseph  French,  foreman  in  Barnum  Mine  Stable,  Isnpeming.  Mich. ;  t^lem. 
(3onyo,  foreman  in  Livery  Stable,  Ivhpeming,  .Mich. ;  R.  McMillan  &  Co.,  Lumber- 
men, Ushkosh,  Wis. ;   J.  B.  MoCuiuber,  Fond  du  Lac.  Wis. 

x<L  XI  V  XI  x«.  jm  »r  o  ai  s  • 
Capt.  John  Mitchell,  of  Saginaw  M'ne,  Mich.;    Cant  Duun,  of  Kloman  Mine, 
Republic,  Mich:   Joshua  Culbort,  Livory,  Marquette,  Mich.  ;    J.N.  Lighthall,  269 
W.  Tyler  stieet,  Chicago,    III.  _     


Put  up  in  one,  two  and  four  ounce  vials. 

.     L.  J. 


Betails  25e,  50c  and  $1.00. 
CLEVELAND, 
Islipeinlnir?  Mich. 


^^u>  y„^,*finf-^'-'^'~'Tf, 


COUNTY 


iwuiuiiiij^i'Miii'inri! 


f*r- 


r  Michigamme  and 
old  stand,  and 
of 


beard's   DIllECTORY   OF   MABQCETTE   COUNTY.  153 


Bastedo,  Jas. 
Bauman,  A.  J. 
Bayden,  E.  S. 
Bayle,  Jno. 
Beard,  H'^.nry. 
Beckman,  Andrew. 
Beckinan,  Chas. 
Bellmau,  E. 
Beng,  L.  E. 
Bennie,  Geo. 
Benson,  S. 
Bergstrom,  G. 
Betsberg,  H.  E. 
Blodget,  E.  L. 
Blomquest,  A. 
Bloom,  Wm. 
Blum,  Jno.  P. 
Bodeau,  A. 
Bonely,  H. 
Botaford,  L. 
Bour,  Jos. 


Call,  Jas. 
Campbell,  Robt. 
Camaran,  Jno. 
Canestrang,  C. 
Cansgo,  M.  T. 
Careaon,  A.  W. 
Carinaugh,  G. 
Carpib,  Kee  M. 
Carg,  Eph. 
Cary,  Jno. 
Chapman,  L.  P. 
Christiansen,  C. 
Christiansen,  H.  C. 
Christiansen,  T. 


Bourgo,  Frank. 

Bournett,  Oliver  «k  Bros.,  gro- 
cers and  liquors. 
Boushan,  J. 
Breraan,  Jno. 
Bright,  M. 
Brooks,  Wm. 
Brown,  Edgar, 
Brown,  F. 
Brown,  Jno. 
Brown,  Nelson. 
Brown,  Saml. 
Burdamis,  E. 
Burdamis,  Wm. 
Burk,  Frauk. 
Burns,  David. 
Butler,  Chas. 
Butler,  Jas. 
Butler,  M. 
Bvland,  Jno. 


Christoosen,  A. 
Cleveland,  L.  J. 
Clifford,  M. 
Coakly,  I.,  saloon. 
Coakly,  Morris. 
Cole,  B.  H. 
Coleman,  Peter. 
Cogins,  M. 
Conners,  M. 
Cook,  Smith. 
Coon,  Jas. 
Coughlin,  Jno. 
Coyle,  J.  P. 
Craig,  Chas. 


.*^n<ii.W#it!M<U.)i«*l''i""H'  fi'¥''* 


w 


154 


BEABD's   directory   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


Crosby,  J.  L. 
Cryler,  8.  T. 
Cuckins,  Jaa. 
Cuddy,  Pat 


Curley,  Jno.,  capt.  of  niioe. 
Curtis,  Wm. 
Cuyler,  J.  S„ 

D 


Dolf,  Warren,  Deputy  Sheriff.    Dowe,  Ed. 


Daniel,  J. 
Deal,  A. 
Domasey,  Jno. 
Denton,  W.  A. 
Depete,  A. 
Derusha,  Fred. 
Deschamp,  J. 
Dishno,  A. 
Ditch,  Henry. 
Divine,  Wm. 
Dix,  C.  H. 
Dolan,  Jno. 
Dolan,  Larry. 


Doyle,  Jno. 

Dinglo,  Wm. 

Drake,  Saml. 

Duff,  Jno. 

Dugan,  Pat.,  groceries  &  liquors. 

Duggan,  Jno. 

Dunn  Daniel. 

Dunn  David. 

Dunn  Jas. 

Dunn  Jno. 

Duquetto,  Jos. 

Dwyer,  J.  H. 


Ebnew,  Paschel. 
Eddy,  Jas.  saloon. 
Ederstrom,  J. 
Einkoff,  Chris. 
Elk,  L.  P. 
Ellison,  Swan. 
Elnes,  O. 
Eltrop,  Peter. 
Ely,  C.  M. 


Falck,  Wm. 
Falcomer,  R.  J. 
Faren,  S.  B. 
Farnsberg,  Peter. 


Engstrom,  Frank. 

Erickson,  A. 

Erickson,  E. 

Erickson,  J. 

Erickson,  John.  ' 

Ericson,  Henry. 

Erkson,  Wm. 

Erendon,  Jas. 

Eytenberg,  Edward,  gen.  store. 

F 

Fams worth,  E.  M. 
Farnsworth,  M.  J. 
Fay,  J.  O. 
Fay,  M. 


*i,^ 


Wiiiliikyll^iiil 


X 


COUNTY, 


apt.  of  niioe. 


roceries  &  liquors. 


uik. 


Iward,  gen.  etore. 


i:.  M. 
I.J. 


BEAIID's    directory   of   MARQUETTE   COUNTY. 


155 


Flicke,  Chas. 

Frisk,  A.  P. 

Forrest,  P. 

Fowle,  J.  C.  caah.  Michi.  mine. 

Franks,  A. 

Furlong,  R. 

G 

Gillis,  John. 

Gillia,  Neil. 

Qlailand,  Isaac. 

Glass,  F. 

Gleason,  M.  boarding  house. 

Godfrey,  F.  A. 

Qoe,  J.  W. 

Gokay,  A. 

Gongo,  Jas. 

Gongo,  Lewis. 

Gort,  Chas. 

Gouchie,  C. 

Gould,  John. 

Green,  John. 

Greenbery,  Fred, 

Gulby,  C. 

Gullin,  E. 

Gustafsen,  C. 

H 

Hackett,  Richard.  Hamlin,  Jas. 

Haley,  M.  Hamon,  Thos. 

Hall,  E.  D.  &  Co.,  dry  goods  Hanahan,  Xfios.  boarding  house. 

groceries  and  drugs.  Hanston,  Robt. 

Hal!,  John.  Harrington,  John. 

Halverseu,  Louis.  Harrington,  T.  J. 

Halverson,  R.  Harris,  G. 

Halyon,  A.  Harvey,  Samuel. 


Fiiinegan,  John. 
F'innegan,  Thos. 
Fish,  A.  J. 
Fish,  E. 
Fisher,  Wm. 
Fitzgerald,  John. 
Flannery,  M. 

Gabrie,  O. 
Garberg,  L. 
Gardner,  Robert 
Gardner,  8. 
Garrett,  A. 
Garvin,  Simon. 
Garanson,  A. 
Geary,  R. 
Grenberg,  John. 
Gendron,  A. 
Geran,  Ely. 
Gibbs,  Wm. 
Gibbs,  Fred. 
Gilbertson,  K. 
Gillen,  A. 
Gilles,  John. 
Gillis,  Alex. 
Gillia,  Donald. 
Gillis,  Duncan. 


^ii,ia.i,»iiii#ri»ii|ii»yi*i<liifi»'iiii'"SB»''*J»ig>» 


V  iiii^Wttjj 


lu.ii.j  Kjiiiif.ijMjtiiii  ;j. 


»?'jjir 


156 


beard's   DIIIECTORY   OF   MARQUBnTE   COUNTY. 


Hathaway,  J.  D. 
Haulaby,  A.  A. 
Haydcn,  J.  J. 
Hays,  John. 
Haysler,  John. 
Henderson,  Chas. 
Herrin,  Morris. 
Hickley,  John. 
Hindle,  Walter. 
Hitchcock,  E. 
Hoalden,  N. 
Holland,  D. 
Holland  &  Bcott,  hardware. 


Halm,  John. 

Holmes,  J.  J. 

Hooper,  John. 

Hooper,  Thos. 

Hooven,  A. 

Hopkins,  Martin. 

Hopkins,  Peter. 

Houglin,  Chu8. 

Houghton,  Jacob,  sup't.  Michi- 

gammi  Mine. 
Howe,  Thos. 
Harley,  D. 


Idell,  A.  G. 
Isaacs,  Peter. 


Isaacson,  E. 


Jacobson,  J. 

Jacobson,  M. 

Jack,  Thomas, 

Jackson,  John. 

Jackson,  L. 

James,  H.  C. 

Jant,  Charles. 

Jenkins,  F.  G. 

Jercan,  Isaac. 

Jereuson,  C. 

Jewell,  Henry,  engineer. 

Jewsberg,  A. 

Johannasen,  A. 

Johns,  Wm.  blacksmith. 

Johnson,  A. 


Kelly,  E. 
Kelly,  M. 


Johnson,  Andrew. 

Johnson,  A.  L.  boarding  house. 

Johnson,  A.  W. 

Johnson,  C. 

Johnson,  Chas.  boarding  house. 

Johnson,  E.  S. 

Johnson,  Henry. 

Johnson,  John. 

Johnson,  L. 

Johnson,  Ole. 

Johnson,  Peter. 

Johnson,  Swan. 

Johnston,  Joseph. 

Jolder,  E. 

Jones,  P. 

K 

Kennefick,  J. 
Kennefick,  P. 


, -.0.. 


MpiwmwiPMtn 


J,  Bup't.  Michi- 


w. 


boarding  house, 
boarding  house. 


beabd'h  dikeotory  op  mabquettk  county. 


157 


Kerr,  John. 
Kindstraud,  C. 
King,  A. 
King,  Joseph. 


King,  Mark. 
King,  O. 
King,  Lamb. 
Kinney,  S. 


Ladue,  P.  E. 

Lagreen,  A.  T. 

Lally,  James,  bearing  house 

and  saloon. 
Lamb,  Henry. 
Lamb,  John. 
Lambert,  Charles. 
Lamene,  Peter. 
Lapimere,  L. 
Lame,  C. 

Lavene,  Frank,  board'g  house. 
Lawson,  Andrew. 
Lawson,  C. 
Lawson,  E. 
Lawson,  E.  Q. 


Lawson,  John. 
Limburger.  Joseph. 
Liucour  Arcale. 
Lindahl,  O.  P. 
Lindenstreth,  O. 
Linn,  John. 
Lockhart,  J. 
Lombake,  T. 
Longreen,  John. 
Lovejoy,  H.  B. 
Ludwick,  John. 
Lundberg,  8. 
Lynch,  Frank. 
Lynch,  George. 
Lynch,  J.  L. 


Magean,  Jos. 
Magnosen,  John. 
Malmberg,  L. 
Malone,  John. 
Maloney,  J.  S. 
Maloney,  D. 
Malvern,  Norris. 
Malvy,  Austin. 
Marsh,  H.  P. 
Marshall,  Thos. 
Martin,  Jos. 
Maxou,  Geo. 
M^yham,  E.  C. 


M 

Mayham,  F.  K. 
McAllister,  Wm. 
McCrimmon,  John. 
McCuin,  Geo. 
McCumber,  G.  H. 
McCumber,  J.  R. 
McDonald,  A. 
McDonald,  D. 
McGraw,  Jas. 
McGregor,  Henry. 
McKennon,  A. 
McKenzie,  H. 
McLean,  Wm. 


,,i<rf<niiiiiSixiX^1itmmm^>^ji^-^rsfi}^  ^-i'  ■»i*>-*-!nitffj)fc^ 


-*-^ 


158 


BEARD'h   DIREOTOIIY   OF   MABQOETTE   COUNTY. 


McLean.  W.  H. 
McMahon,  J. 
McPhee,  John. 
McTige,  J  08. 
Meekin,  James. 
Melene,  Peter. 
Merry,  Joe. 
Mikner,  Wm. 
Miller,  A.  W. 
Mills,  D. 
Mitchel,  A. 
Mitchel,  J.  8. 
Monahan,  M. 
Monahan,  P. 
Moore,  Hugh. 
Morin,  J. 


Morris,  John. 
Morrisey,  M. 
Morrow,  Morris. 
Mower,  H.  E. 
Mulbar,  £. 
Mullen,  B. 
Munck,  A. 
Murphy,  John. 
Murphy,  Henry. 
Murphy,  Hugh. 
Murrey,  John. 
Murrey,  8.  T. 
Murrey,  W.  J. 
Myers,  A. 
Myers,  E, 
Myers,  J. 


Neddo,  Peter. 
Neice,  Lew. 
Nekle,  F. 
Nelson,  Fred. 
Nelson,  Henry. 
Nelson,  Peter. 
Neunent,  Max. 


N 


Nilson,  A. 
Nolen,  H.  O. 
Nord,  lohn. 
Nord,  S. 
Norman,  N.  T. 
Nostrum,  G. 
Numan,  John. 


Obie,  D. 
Obirg,  C.  E. 
Okestroni,  H. 
Olsen,  A. 
Olsen,  Andrew. 
Olsen,  Charles. 
Olsen,  H. 
Olsen,  J. 


Olsen,  Martin. 
Olsen,  N. 
Olsen,  Ole. 
Olsen,  S. 

Ollrick,  William. 
O'Neil,  James. 
Osmensen,  P. 
OuUette,  H.  J. 


t^^i  1 ! .  m  jililMim 


^sit-.    *  -yJ  *■=.« 


I 

i 

1. 


beard'h  dibectoby  of  mamquette  county.        15 


p 

ParkiB,  W.  0. 

Peterson,  John. 

Perry,  8. 

Peterson,  M. 

Peters,  D, 

Peterson,  Nils. 

Peterson,  A. 

Pierce,  P. 

Peterson,  Andrew. 

Pierce,  Richard. 

Peterson,  Anton. 

Pinzie,  Leon. 

Peterson,  Ans. 

Pippin,  P.  saloon  and  b.  house. 

Peterson,  C. 

Piquette,  J. 

Peterson,  C.  F. 

Plock,  Geo.  saloon. 

Peterson,  E. 

Pollack,  D.  W. 

Peterson,  G. 

Porter  Frank. 

Peterson,  Gust. 

Pouliat,  0. 

Peterson,  J. 

Powers,  John. 

Peterson,  Jas. 

Prout,  Jas. 

Q 

Quilty,  A. 

Quirk,  James.                                                       | 

Quilty,  Michael. 

R                              1 

Randell,  David. 

Roberts,  A.  W.                                                     | 

Eeady.  E. 

Roberts,  Jos. 

Reed,  M. 

Rock,  Henry. 

Reid,  B.  F. 

Rock,  J.  W. 

Rexter,  Ole. 

Rogers,  John. 

Reynolds,  Jas. 

Rondguest,  M. 

Richards,  E. 

Rosengreen,  T. 

Richardson,  B.  W. 

Ross,  John. 

Richster,  Chas. 

Ross,  P. 

Riley,  John. 

Ross,  R. 

Ringwood,  John. 

Ryan,  P. 

Riopel,  Dennis. 

Ryan,  Thos. 

Riopel,  G. 

,.  ^w■-*■to«-.^M^te4tlij'Li^MafA^^tr^^■nr^»i^'^^ 


m^ 


-t^ii^i^m^ixt^ifmuv 


IG'I        beabd's  dibeovorv:  of  mabquette  county. 


Saleberry,  Fred. 
feaies,  John, 
feandstrom,  Fritz, 
fiuqu'^ot,  A. 
Sanquest,  J. 
SautHang,  Samuel. 
Santg,  PhilJp. 
Sanstorf,  J. 
Sawyer,  Chaa. 


S 

Smith,  Johr. 

Smith,  Richard. 

Smitii,  Samuel. 

Soderberg,  S.  E. 

Southcombe,  Wm. 

Spr>^tley,  G. 

Standenmaicr,  J.  boots  &  abof  ~. 

Stevens,  E.  I . 

Stuvena,  H.  C.  Justice  of  Peace. 


Sawyer  &  Snavely,  proprieiora  St.  Amene,  R. 

Adams  House.  St.  German,  Peter. 

Scaalan,  Jas.  Stoddard,  F.  S 

Schafer,  F.  Stonlone,  Eli. 

Scheizer,  Louis.  Stout,  Ed. 

Scully,  Michael.  Strait,  J. 

Senthany  &   Neddo,  jewelry,  Stremberg,  J. 


liquors  and  cigars. 
Settler,  Jas. 
Seymour,  Chas. 
Seymour,  J.  J. 
Shaffer,  Jacob. 
Shea,  C. 
Shea,  John. 
Stepham,  M. 
Shields,  John. 
Sheron,  John 
Shoulderbaeh,  S.  E. 
Simuer,  Henry, 
Simon,  Perval. 
Simons,  N. 
Sinclair,  Robt. 
Smith,  Jas. 


Strom  bach,  John,  saloon. 

Sul'"van,  M.  T.  hotel  and  hitloon. 

Suiiivan,  T. 

Sullivan,  Wm. 

Sundberg,  Frank. 

Sutherland,  J.  A. 

Swallen,  John. 

Swan,  John. 

Swanson,  A.  M. 

Swansea ,  C. 

Swanson,  G. 

Swavely,  G.  A. 

Swellin,  B. 

Swenderson,  P. 

Swereason,  C. 

Swerenson,  J, 


Taylor,  F. 
Tersmach,  Charles. 


Theber,  Adnrew. 

TibbittB,  J.  boarding  house. 


,.jf^-.,c-^^.. 


-JA*w.-.E.<JJ.fc. 


NTY. 


beahd's  dibectouy  of  mauquette  county. 


161 


Tibbttts,  H.  L. 

Trudo,  Jerry. 

Tillson,  Stephen. 

Trudo,  Joseph. 

Todd,  William. 

Turcott,  Frank. 

Trelean,  E. 

Tuttle,  D. 

'"rudo,  Isaac. 

U 

Ure,  A. 

ots  &  shof ".. 

V 

ce  of  Peace. 

Vandervelt,  J. 

Verestr&iu,  Fred. 

Vansou,  E. 

Vodden,  Robert 

Varufty,  C.  J. 

Vogtlin,  A. 

Vellum,  Oie. 

Yogtliu  &  Weber,  butchers. 

V/ 

Wade,  J.  E 

West,  liayden   &  Co., 

Walden,  Jos, 

clothing,  and  groceries. 

aloon. 

Walden,  Peter. 

Weterstrom,  Jas. 

1  aud  hiiloon. 

Walker,  G.  W. 

White,  Chas. 

Wallraan,  Jno. 

White,  D.  W. 

Walstein,  A. 

White,  Jos. 

Watson,  Frank. 

White,  8. 

Waahareu,  J. 

Wicklander,  A. 

Weber,  R. 

Wilander,  A. 

Webster,  S. 

Wilson,  E. 

Week,  Chaa. 

Wilson,  Gust, 

Wekeland,  W. 

Wilson,  Peter. 

Welander,  P.  J. 

Wise,  Chas. 

Welander,  P.  S. 

Word,  Eugene. 

Welauder,  W.  S. 

Wyley,  Jas.  ' 

Wertemberg,  A. 

Y 

Young,  P.  A. 

Z 

nor   hniine. 

Zimner,  M. 

(I 


'J 


mmm 


imW!»i|<HJIIII»aiiilll<Mi»i  I 


lia  BEAED'b   DIBECTOKY   of   HAIWBETrE   COUNTY. 


CHERRY  CREEK. 


Barns,  Edward,  teamster. 

Barns,  Henry,  carpenter. 

Bishop,  O.  D.  sawyer,  Eraser's  luills. 

Bergham,  Charles,  farmer. 

Cundy,  Charles,  farmer. 

Conol,  William,  carpenter. 

Ewing,  George  E.  farmer. 

Ford,  William,  farmer. 

Ford,  John,  sawyer,  Frazer's  mills. 

Garvey,  Thomas,  farmer. 

Garvey,  Peter,  farmer. 

Goodman,  Barney,  contractor. 

Griffin,  James,  foreman,  Fraser  mills. 

Rowland,  James,  Fraser  mills. 

Johnson,  Angus,  contractor  and  farmer. 

King,  Allen,  farmer. 

King,  Frank,  carpenter. 

Kipp,  Daniel,  farmer. 

Knox,  William,  farmer. 

LaPete,  Jack,  farmer. 

Lemarr,  Antoine,  farmer. 

Mahaffa,  R.  J.,  Fraser  mills. 

Mahatfa,  John,  Fraser  mills. 

Mahaffa,  Andrew,  Fraser  mills. 

Mahaffa,  William,  teamster. 

McCuUom,  Murray,  farmer,  Fraser  mills. 

McCoombs,  John,  teamster,  Fraser  mills. 

McLaughlin,  Duncan,  teamster,  Fraser  mills. 

Moore,  James,  Fraser  mills. 

Preb,  Fred.,  farmer. 

Preb,  William,  farmer. 

Richards,  R.  N.,  farmer. 

Roberta,  W.  B.,  farmer. 

Saunders,  James,  laborer,  Fraser  mills. 


iiiiiiittti'^fe' 


lihi^'wu'ilfufiiiwiiwritiBiftnittiiM  mm 


iiiiwrwiiMg.  ■ 


164        beard's  directory  op  marqdette  county. 


CHAMPION, 


Champion  Kining  Ck>mpany. 
Champion  Furnaoe  Company. 

Doty,  L.  H.,  Postmaster, 


CLARKSBURG. 


Amerman,  A.  S.,  physician. 

Colwell,  H.  J.,  superintendent  Michigan  Iron  Company. 

Diilong,  E.,  general  store. 

Ferray,  John,  druggist. 

Kaiser,  John,  jeweler. 


GREENWOOD. 


Michigan  Iron  Co.,  manufacture  pig  iron,  and  general  store. 


yz^^^v,i«^i. 


''''^"^■■ii 


Uompany. 


sneral  store. 


■fc.fc^.„.  ■Ji'fcAii. 


EARLY  HISTORY 


LAKE  SUPERIOR 


SKETCH   OF    THE    EABLY    EXPLORATIONS,    WITH   A     NOTICE   OF 
THE   MISSIONARIES   AND   THEIH   LABORS. 


BY  C.  1.  WALKER. 


It  is  now  more  than  two  centviriK?  since  civilized  men 
penetrated  the  vast  solitudes  of  the  region  of  Lake  Superior. 

The  history  of  the  early  explorations,  missions,  and  settle- 
ments in  this  region  is  full  of  deep,  romantic,  and  sometimeo 
tragic  interest  The  particular  site  on  which  has  sprung  up  the 
city  of  Marquette  was  not  early  brought  into  prominence. 
There  were  here  no  trading  posts,  missions,  stations,  or  settle- 
ments, but  Marquette  has  outstripped  its  elder  sisters,  and  is  now 
the  metropolis  of  Lake  Superior.  In  population,  wealth,  and 
business,  and  in  its  means  of  communication,  it  is  far  in  advance 
of  any  other  point  upon  the  lake ;  and  in  a  work  devoted  to  this 
particular  locality,  it  is  eminently  appropriate  that  there  should 
be  a  reference  to  the  early  history  of  the  whole  region  of  witieh 
it  is  now  the  metropolis  and  principal  city,  mill  a  reverent 
tribute  to  the  men  who  here  first  planted  the  i^'.'oSvS  and  esiTecially 
to  Father  Marquette  from  whom  it  derived  its  name. 

From  the  time  when  the  footstejis  of  the  white  man.  first 
penetrated  the  forests  of  our  commonwealth,  until  the  power  of 
France  on  our  continent  was  terminated  by  the  victory  of  Wolf 
on  the  plains  of  Abraham,  the  entire  teiritory  of  Michigan  was 
under  the  undisputed  dominion  of  France.  And  virtually  it 
remained  a  part  of  Canada  until  1796,  when,  under  the  pro- 


m 


':^^\ 


i 


I 


' 


isj^'" 


iiiiii.i  iT.ni.^iii.|i.  iiM|if^i]i«»»ii'Miii  n(iniiiH)yiiiiiii  iiim}miin<jiimtwinw«»gip^iHTin"iiWi"'i«ini 


t,«^,.,Ul,t.„.» 


.i^ 


»wiHlMilHl'HI<W^>lllltt 


166 


EABLY   HISTORY   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


visions  of  Jay's  treaty,  it  was  surrendered  to  the  \  iiited  States. 

From  France  we  received  our  first  laws,  om  original  social 
polity,  our  early  religious  character.  And  althinigii  the  wave 
of  Anglo-Saxon  immigration  has.  within  a  half  of  a  century, 
rolled  in  upon  us  a  population  of  more  than  a  million,  it  has  not 
oblfterated,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  it  never  will  obliterate,  the 
clear  and  distinct  influence  upon  our  social  character,  of  the  era 
of  French  dominion. 

We  may  not  forget,  we  should  ever  be  proud  to  remember, 
that,  for  the  first  century  of  its  existence,  the  metropolis  of  our 
State,  the  "  City  of  the  Straits,"  was  essentially  French  in  all 
ita  characteristics. 

MISSIONS. 

We  should  never  forget  that  the  pioneers  of  civilization  and 
Christianity,  along  the  shores  of  the  noble  rivers  and  mighty 
lakes  that  form  the  boundaries  of  our  State,  weie  the  French 
Jesuits. 

These  men,  with  a  firm  step  and  intrepid  mien,  in  the  face  of 
dangers,  toils,  sacrifices  and  suflerings,  which  no  language  can 
portray,  and  no  imagination  adequately  conceive,  bore  aloft  the 
torch  of  christian  truth,  amidst  the  moral  darkness  and  desola- 
tion tha*;  here  reigned  in  terrible  and  savage  grandeur.  And, 
sustained  by  a  mental  and  moral  discipline,  known  to  few  save 
the  followers  of  Loyalla,  and  by  that  unfaltering  trust  in  God, 
which,  thank  heaven,  is  confined  to  no  creed,  and  to  no  sect, 
they  met,  nay,  even  welcomed,  torture  and  death  with  a  calm 
joyousness  that  finds  few  parallels  in  the  annals  of  mankind. 

The  memory  of  those  early  Jesuit  Missionaries  to  the  Indians 
has  been  embalmed  in  the  glowing  pages  of  Bancroft. 

It  may  not  be  inappropriate  or  uninteresting  to  enter  some- 
what more  into  detail  in  relation  to  their  labors  upon  the  shores 
of  Lake  Superior. 

Quebec  waa  founded  by  Champlain  in  1608.  In  1615  the 
first  priests  (Recollects)  arrived.  They  were  reinforced  in  1620, 
aud  in  1625  some  Jesuits  arrived.  But  these  all  returned  to 
France  in  1629  on  the  mpture  of  Quebec  by  the  English. 
But  in  1683,  when  Champlain  returned  to  his  government  he 
brought  with  him  Brebeuf  and  another  priest 


aak'Mm  wiWMU1iia»itfafth*ft*W 


T-Vl 


EABLY   HISTORY   OF   LAKE   80PEBI0B. 


167 


'iited  States, 
(■igin^i  social 
fji  the  wave 

|f  a  century, 
)n,  it  haa  not 
)Iiterate,  the 

Jr,  of  the  era 

o  remember, 

polls  of  our 

''reach  in  all 


ilization  and 

i  and  mighty 

the  French 

in  the  face  of 
language  can 
tore  aloft  the 
I  and  desola- 
ideur.  And, 
1  to  few  save 
rust  in  God, 
d  to  no  sect, 
with  a  calm 
mankind. 
}  the  Indians 
oft. 

'  enter  some- 
)n  the  shores 

[n  1615  the 
■ced  in  1620, 
returned  to 
the  English, 
rernment  he 


Before  this  perio.l  (1638)  but  little  progress  had  been  made 
in  the  conversion  of  the  Indians.  The  Hurons  were  the  first 
nation  that  cordially  opened  their  hearts  to  the  reception  of 
Christian  truth. 

They  occupied  a  somewhat  anomalous  position  in  relation  to 
^he  two  great  divisions,  into  which  the  Indians,  bordering  on  the 
St.  Lawrence  and  its  tributaries,  were  divided — the  Algonquins 
and  the  Iroquois. 

When  Jaqucs  Cartier  ascended' the  St.  Lawrence  in  1534,  he 
found  its  banks  iniiabited  by  tribes  of  the  great  Algonquin  race, 
and  at  Hocelaga  oi  Montreal  he  found  a  very  populous  Indian 
town. 

When  Champlain  in  1608  first  raised  the  banner  of  France 
on  the  rock  of  St.  Louis,  the  Algonquins  gathered  around  him 
to  give  him  a  welcome. 

He  found  them  the  hereditary  enemies  of  their  neighbors,  the 
Iroquis,  a  race  with  similar  habits,  but  with  a  radically  different 
language,  fewer  in  numbers  and  occupying  a  far  less  extent  of 
territory.  But  these  disadvantages  were  more  than  compensated 
by  their  compactness ;  by  their  admirable  system  of  govern- 
ment ;  by  their  superior  prowess,  and  by  their  haughty  ambition. 

Occupying  a  territory  but  H^tle  larger  than  the  State  of  New 
York,  they  arrogantly  aspired  to  become  the  Romans  of  this 
western  world  ;  the  arbiteis  of  peace  and  war,  from  the  Atlantic 
to  the  Mississippi,  from  the  great  lakes  to  the  everglades  of 
Florida.  Their  tomahawks  carried  terror  and  destruction  into 
the  villages  of  the  peaceful  Illinois  on  the  broad  prairies  of  the 
west,  and  the  fiendlike  yells  of  their  war  parties  were  echoed 
back  by  the  rocks  that  ranged  themseWes  along  the  shores  of 
the  mighty  lake  of  the  north. 

THE  HURONS. 

The  Hurons,  or  Wyanduttes,  were  of  the  same  lingual  stock 
of  the  Iroquis,  and  Occupied  for  a  time  a  kind  of  neutral  posi- 
tion between  the  great  contestants  for  aboriginal  dominion. 
They  were  the  intellectual  superiors  of  the  Iroquis,  without  their 
love  of  war,  or  their  lust  of  power. 
They  had  gathered  in  large  numbers  about  Georgian  Bay 


ii'^ftft'  wlHWi^V'^*    - 


""     luiULiliii      »i.«J|iii>iiJB|.« 


«>iHipi*iW 


mmUA 


•mmmmm. 


i" 


\ 


rtf'aiiiWiitiiir'^ii  i»^:iiiiimSi>>'mUii 


iiiniwMwiriiiiMiaft^uii"  ii'H  I" 


1(58 


EARLY   HIHTOBY   OF   LAKE   SUPEftlOR. 


and  Lake  Siracoe,  where  they  sustained  themselves  by  hunting, 
fishing,  and  a  better  system  of  agriculture  than  generally  pre- 
vailed among  the  Indians. 

The  year  of  the  settlement  of  Quebec,  Champlain  joinwl  an 
expedition  of  the  Algonquins  of  the  St.  Ijawrence  into  the 
country  of  the  Iroquis,  by  way  of  the  beautiful  lake  that  bears 
his  name.  From  him,  in  that  expedition,  those  fierce  warriors 
first  learned  the  terrible  power  of  firearms. 

From  that  moment  they  became  the  bitter  enemies  of  the 
French,  who  had  thus  espoused  the  cause  of  their  hereditary 
foes,  and  at  frequent  intervals,  for  a  century  and  a  half,  the 
French  colonies  suffered  from  their  vindictive  and  cruel  wrath. 

The  Hurons,  at  a  very  early  day,  became  the  fast  friends  of 
the  French.  As  early  as  1615,  lather  Carron  visited  them,  on 
an  embassy  of  peace  and  love.  And  from  1622  to  1625,  the 
Recollects  had  a  mission  among  them. 

On  the  arrival  of  the  Jesuits,  they  commenced  their  labors 
among  the  Hurons, — labors  that  were  to  have  so  tragic  an  end. 

Brebeuf  acquired  a  knowledge  of  their  language  and  man- 
ners, and  was  adopted  into  their  nation. 

By  the  conquest  of  Canada,  1629,  the  mission  was  broken 
up.  But  on  the  restoration  of  th^pFrench  power,  in  1633,  it  was 
renewed  with  increased  zeal  and  numbers.  Then  villages  were 
reached  by  the  circuitous,  laborious  and  dangerous  route  of  the 
Ottawa  river,  the  more  direct  route  being  through  a  country 
where  the  Iroquois  were  found  upon  the  war  path. 

The  journey  was  replete  with  difiiculties,  hardships  and  dan- 
gers,— reaching  for  300  leagues  through  dense  forests.  The 
rivers  were  full  of  rocks  and  waterfalls,  and  the  missionaries 
were  compelled  to  ply  the  paddle,  to  draw  the  canoe  over  rapids, 
and  10  carry  heavy  burdens  over  roughest  portages. 

Food  was  scarce,  and  the  Indians  unfriendly.  But  after 
severe  toil  and  intense  suffering,  the  sacred  envoys,  Brebeuf  and 
Daniel,  reach  the  heart  of  the  Huron  wilderness,  and  commence 
their  labors,  soon  to  be  followed  by  the  gentle  Lailemant,  and 
many  others. 

Here,  for  fifteen  years,  with  calm,  impassive  courage,  and 


'.(W 


by  hunting, 
enerally  pre- 

lin  joined  an 
ace  into  the 
ce  that  bears 
erce  warriors 

emies  of  the 
ir  hereditary 
1  a  half,  the 

cruel  wrath, 
ast  friends  of 
ted  them,  on 

to  1625,  the 

1  their  labors 
ragic  an  end. 
ge  and  man- 

1  was  broken 
a  1633,  it  was 
villages  were 
I  route  of  the 
gh  a  country 

tiips  and  dan- 
forests.  The 
i  missionaries 
)e  over  rapids, 
I. 

f.  But  after 
,  Brebeuf  and 
ind  commence 
allemant,  and 

courage,  and 


EARLY   HISTORY   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


IGJ) 


wearied  patience,  the  Jesuits  continued  their  self-denying  labors, 
in  the  midst  of  privations,  peril,  suffering,  insult,  contumely  and 
dttiigera  the  most  imminent,  the  details  of  which  would  make  a 
volume  of  thrilling  interest. 

The  arm  of  French  power  had  not  yet  taught  the  savages 
the  sacred  character  ol  the  "  Black  Coats,"  a«  the  Jesuits  were 
tailed,  to  distinguish  them  from  the  Recollects,  or  "  Grey  Coats." 

The  medicine  men  of  the  Indians,  feeling  that  their  craft  was 
in  danger,  spared  no  opportunity  to  arouse  against  the  missiona- 
ries savage  hate.  Misfortune,  sickness  aud  death  were  all 
charged  upon  them,  as  the  fruit  of  their  prayers  and  ceremonies, 
and  the  baptism  of  a  dying  infant  was  sometimes  a  source  of 
imminent  danger. 

To  avoid  this  they  often  resorted  to  stratagem.  Father 
Pigart,  being  rudely  repulsed  from  a  cabin,  whose  iumates  re- 
fused to  have  a  dying  infant  baptised,  offers  to  the  little  sufferer 
a  piece  of  sugar,  and  unperceived,  though  watched,  pressed  from 
a  wet  cloth  a  drop  of  holy  watc*  upon  its  ftvtred  brow. 

But  ultimately  the  patience  and  loving  perseverance  of  the 
Missionaries  overcame  all  opposition,  and  the  Huron  nation 
received  the  truth.  But  the  kour  of  their  destruction  waa  at 
hand.  The  terrible  Iroquis  came  down  upon  them  like  a  wolf 
upon  the  fold. 

In  July,  1648,  at  early  dawn,  while  the  men  were  mostly 
absent  on  a  hunting  expedition,  the  populous  town  of  Te-an-an- 
sta-que  was  aroused  by  the  fearful  war  cry  of  the  Iroquois. 
The  few  defenders  rally  at  the  feeble  palisades,  encouraged 
by  the  Godly  father  Daniel.  Hastily,  as  if  the  salvation  of 
souls  hung  on  each  flying  moment,  he  confesses,  baptizes  by 
aspersion,  pronounces  a  general  absolution,  and  flies  to  the 
chapel  where  many  of  his  flock  have  gathered  for  safety. 
He  does  the  same  there,  exhorts  them  to  flee  from  the  rear  of 
the  building,  while  he  bodly  opens  the  front  door  and  faces  the 
approaching  foe,  to  give  a  moment's  time  to  his  flying  flock. 

They  recoil  at  the  brave  man's  presence ;  but  soon  they  rally  ; 
his  body  is  pierced  with  arrows,  a  fatal  bullet  finishes  the  work. 


■ 

w. 

1 

p 

^. 

1 

|foi  tii 

i 

J 


■"MMMUlillfNfiM 


170 


EABLY    HI8TOBY   OF   liAKE   HI  I'FKIOli. 


He  fallo, — breathing  the  name  ofJesua,  and  hiH  body  is  <  ist  iuu, 
the  fire  made  by  his  burning  chapel. 

The  following  year,  in  March,  other  townH  fell.  The  brave 
and  noble  Brebeuf  and  the  gentle  and  loving  Gabriel  Ln'  inant 
met  death  by  tortures,  that  only  demons  could  invent  or  demons 
inflict. 

The  whole  annaln  of  martyrdom  scarwiy  afford  a  pfirallfl, 
either  in  the  ingenious  cruelty  of  the  tormentors,  or  in  the 
wonderful  fortitude  and  heroism  of  the  victims. 

The  Huron  nation  was  destroyed.  Many  perished  by  the 
hand  of  the  enemy  ;  others  submitted  and  became  incor[)orated 
to  their  tribes.  Another  portion  settled  near  Quebec,  and  a 
.mil  fraction,  consisting  of  600  or  800  fled,  first  to  the  Mana- 
toulin  Islands,  thence  to  Mackinaw,  and  from  thence  to  Bay  de 
Noquet.  And  when  the  mission  at  La  Point  was  established  in 
1666,  they  gathered  ^iround  the  standard  of  the  cross,  erected  by 
Father  Alloney.  Driven  thence  by  the  Dacotahs,  they  were 
eetablished  at  Mackinaw  by  Marquette,  in  1671. 

When  Detroit  was  founded  in  1701,  they  removed  to  this 
poi.nt.  In  1751  they  mostly  removed  to  Sandusky,  and  subse- 
quently, by  the  name  of  Wyandottes,  took  an  active  and  con- 
spicuous part,  on  the  side  of  the  British  in  the  war  of  the 
Revolution.  They  have  been,  since  their  dispersion,  wanderers 
without  territory  of  their  own,  depending  for  a  home,  upon  the 
hospitality  of  other  nr    ons. 

FIRST  VISIT  TO  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 

It  was  from  the  Huron  mission,  that  the  first  Mis-  nary 
explorers  were  sent  forth  to  examine  the  moral  desolation  of  our 
own  territory.  At  a  feast  of  the  dead,  held  in  Huronia,  in  early 
summer  1641,  there  were  in  attendance  a  delegation  from  the 
Chippewas  of  Sault  St.  Marie. 

The  Missionaries,  with  that  skill  which  was  peculiar  to  them, 
soon  ingratiated  themselves  into  their  favor  and  were  cordially 
invited  to  return  with  them  to  their  homes,  on  the  confines  of 
the  "great  lake,"  the  charms  of  which  they  depicted  in  glowing 
colors. 


itBiBi^iBii 


?.«B.J^3taKat^,a.».. 


RARLY   HIHTORY   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


171 


1 


ily  is  cast  inUi 

The  brave 
riel  Ln'  iiiant 
ent  or  dfinons 

(1  a  |i!irallf'l, 
irrJ,  or    iu   the 

riHhed  by  the 
e  incorporated 
Quebec,  and  a 
t  to  the  Mana- 
nc6  to  Bay  de 
I  established  in 
rosa,  erected  by 
ihs,    they  were 

emoved  to  this 
iky,  and  subse- 
ictive  and  con- 
he  war  of  the 
sion,  wanderers 
home,  upon  the 

R. 

iirst  Mis-  mary 
esolation  of  our 
urouia,  in  early 
Ration  from  the 

3culiar  to  them, 
I  were  cordially 
the  confines  of 
cted  in  glowing 


The  MiMsionariefi,  ever  anxious  to  extend  the  dominion  of  the 
cross,  joyfully  accepted  the  invitation. 

Charles  Raymbault,  a  father,  thoroughly  versed  in  the 
.\lgonquin  language  and  customs,  and  Isaac  Joques,  equally 
familiar  with  the  Huron,  were  selected.  These  men  were  the 
tir^t  who  planted  the  cross  within  the  limits  of  our  State. 

On  the  17th  of  Juno,  1641,  they  started  upon  their  adven- 
turous vo3'age.  For  sevenleen  days,  they  plied  the  paddle  on 
the  clear  waters  of  the  Northern  lakes,  and  through  the  channel 
uf  the  8t.  Mary's  River  gemmed  by  a  thousand  beautiful  islands. 

They  were  kindly  ami  honpitably  received  by  the  Chippewas 
ut  the  8ault,  who  urged  them  to  remain  with  them,  that  they 
might  profit  by  their  w^rds.  They  told  them  of  the  "  Great 
Lake,"  of  the  fierce  Dacotahs,  and  of  numerous  other  tribes,  of 
whom  the  fathers  had  never  before  heard. 

But  they  were  compelled  to  relum,  and  after  planting  the 
cross,  they  left,  hoping  soon  !>  be  ab.  to  establish  a  mission  at 
this  promiiiiing  point  among  the  docile  Chippewas. 

Raymbault  died  with  consumption  the  following  year,  and 
Jaques  met  a  martyr's  death  among  the  Iroquois. 

No  further  attempt  was  made  to  send  the  gospel  to  the  great 
Northwest,  until  1656.  After  the  destruction  of  the  Hurons, 
thi'  Iroquois  ranged  in  proud  and  haughty  triumph,  from  Lake 
Erie  to  Lake  Superior. 

Upper  (Janada  was  desolation,  and  even  the  route  by  the 
Ottawa  river  was  not  safe  from  tlie  war  parties  of  these  bold 
marauders. 

During  this  year,  some  Ottawaa  made  their  way  to  the  St. 
Lawrence.  Two  missionaries  left  to  return  with  them,  one,  the 
celebrated  and  devoted  Dreuilletts.  They  were  attacked  by  the 
Iroquois.  Father  Garreau  was  mortally  wounded,  and  Dreu- 
illettes  brutally  abandoned. 

Another  company  of  Ottawas  and  other  Algonqiiins,  appeared 
at  Quebec  iu  1(560,  and  a.sked  for  a  missionary  Mia.sion»  had 
now  received  a  fresh  impulse  from  the  pious  Levulle,  the  first 
bishop  of  Quebec,  who  came  out  in  1659. 


ii 


m 


t     -I  I    Mil  I II  1 19 


172 


EAKLY    HIHTOBY   OK   I,AKR   Hri'EniOR. 


FATHER  ME8NARD. 

Father  Mt«nar<I  whm  selected  ah  the  first  ambaMHador  of  the 
(•ro88  oil  the  HhoreH  of  "Gitchie  Gnmoe,"  the  '*  Big  Sea  Water." 

The  clioicc  was  a  fit  one.  He  ha(!  been  a  compeer  of  those 
noble  men   who  had  enriched  Hurunia's  soil  with  their  blood 

He  had  experienced  every  vicissitude  of  missionary  service 
and  suHcring.  He  had  rejoiced  in  baptizinj^  many  a  convert  on 
the  banks  of  the  beautiful  Cayuga,  and  his  seamed  face  attested 
the  wounds  he  had  received  in  the  cause  of  truth.  Tha  frosts  of 
many  winiors  adorned  his  brow,  and  severity  of  toil  and  suffer- 
ing had  somewhat  broken  his  frame,  yet  his  spirit  was  still 
strong,  and  ho  was  ready  for  the  sacrifice. 

Although  not  buoyed  up  by  the  enthusiasm  of  youth,  or  in- 
experience, he  not  only  did  not  recoil  from  the  labor,  peril, 
suffering  and  death,  which  he  fefl  awaited  him,  but  ho  cheer- 
fully looked  forward,  a.s  the  true-^t  happiness,  to  a  death  of 
misery,  in  the  service  of  God. 

Alone,  in  August,  1660,  he  leaves  the  haunts  of  civilization, 
and  put«  himself  into  the  hands  of  savage  strangers,  who  treated 
the  aged  priest  -.vith  coarse  brutality.  From  morning  till  night, 
in  a  cramped  position,  they  liompei  him  to  ply  the  unwelcome 
paddle  ;  and  over  sharp  rocks  to  drag  the  canoe  up  the  foaming 
rapids ;  and  at  portages,  to  carry  heavy  burdens. 

He  is  subjected  to  every  form  of  drudgery  ;  to  every  phase  of 
insult  and  contempt.  Want,  absolute  and  terrible  comes  in  to 
enhance  the  horrors  of  the  voyage.  Berries  and  edible  moss  are 
exhausted  ;  and  the  moose  skin  of  their  dresses  is  made  to  yield 
its  scanty  and  disgusting  nutriment. 

Finally,  with  his  breviary  contemptuously  cast  into  the 
water;  barefooted,  wounded  by  sharp  stones,  exhausted  from 
toil,  hunger,  and  brutal  treatment ;  without  food,  or  the  means 
of  procuring  any,  he  is  abandoned,  upon  the  desolate  shores  of 
Lake  Superior  to  die. 

But  even  savage  cruelty  relents.  After  a  few  days,  during 
which  time  he  supports  life  with  pounded  bones,  his  luditun 
companions  return,  and  convey  him  to  their  winter  rendezvous, 
which  they  leach  October  15th,  St.   Theresa  Day.     From   that 


Ki 


^^^ 


j£, 


KARLY    HIHTOKY   OF   LAKE    HlirEllIOU. 


173 


^ador  of  the 
"^ea  Water." 
)eer  of  those 
their  blood 
nary  service 
a  convert  on 
face  attested 
Thj  frosts  of 
1  and  sutfer- 
irit    wait  still 

youth,  or  in- 
labor,  peril, 
but  ho  cheer- 
)  a  death    of 

f  civilization, 
i,  who  treated 
ing  till  night, 
le  unwelcome 
)  the  foaming 

very  phase  of 
1  comes  in  to 
liblc  moss  are 
made  to  yield 

cast  into  the 
liausted  from 
J!  the  means 
ate  shores  of 

days,  during 

i,  his    Indian 

r  rendezvous. 

From   that 


circumstance     he    called     it     "Ht.    Theresa    Bay,"     probably 
Keweenaw  Hay. 

Here,  amidst  every  discouragement  and  privation,  with  no 
white  brethren  nearer  than  Montreal,  he  began  a  mission  and 
said  "  Mass,"  which  he  says,  "  repaid  mo  with  usury,  for  all 
my  past  hardships." 

For  a  time  he  was  permitted  a  place  in  the  dirty  camp  of  Le 
Bouchet,  the  chief  of  the  band,  and  who  had  so  cruelly  aban- 
doned him.  But  this  aged  and  feeble  servant  ot  God  was  soon 
thrust  out  and  forced  to  spend  the  long  and  bitter  cold  winter  on 
that  inhospitable  shore,  in  a  little  cabin,  built  of  fir  branches, 
piled  upon  one  another,  through  which  the  winter  wiiid:^  whistled 
freely,  and  which  answered  the  purpose,  "  not  so  much,"  says  the 
meek  missionary,  "  to  shield  me  from  the  rigor  of  the  storm,  as 
to  correct  my  imagination,  and  persuade  me  that  I  was  sheltered." 
Want,  famine,  that  frequent  curse  of  the  improvident  tribes  that 
skirt  the  great  "  Northern  Lake,"  came,  with  its  horrors,  to  make 
more  memorable  this  first  eflbrt  to  plant  the  cross  by  the  waters 
of  Lake  Superior. 

"  O  the  long  and  dreary  winter  ! 
O  the  cold  and  cruel  winter  ! 
Ever  thicker,  thicker,  thicker, 
Froze  the  ice  on  lake  and  river  ; 
Ever  deeper,  deeper,  deeper. 
Fell  the  snow  o'er  all  the  landiicape, 
Fell  the  covering  snow,  and  drifted. 

Through  the  forest,  round  the  village, 
Hardly,  from  his  buried  wigwam. 
Could  the  hunter  force  a  passage  ; 
With  his  mittens  and  hiw  dnow-shoes, 
Vainly  Wiilked  he  through  the  forest ; 
iSought  for  bird  and  beast,  but  found  none. 
Saw  no  track  of  deer  nor  rabbit. 
In  the  snow  beheld  no  foot-print , 
In  the  ghastly,  gleaming  forest. 
Fell, — and  could  not  rise  from  weakness, 
Perished  there, — from  cold  and  hunger. 

()  the  famine  and  the  fever  ! 
O  the  wasting  of  the  famine  ! 
O  the  blasting  of  the  fever  I 


> 


^^^^H^tt^^^^^^B 


m 


m 


Sti<:sslBiasSS!^S!SIBm>'^.' 


|iMtlti^'l|1^IHl|i^ti>yn;ii'j 


174 


EARLY   HrSTOBY   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


()  the  wailing  of  the  chldren  ! 

()  the  anguish  of  the  women  1 

Ail  t'.ie  earth  waA  nick  and  fa.aished, 

Hungry  was  the  air  around  them  ; 

Hungry  was  the  sljy  above  them  ; 

'lUd  the  hungry  stars  in  heaven, 

Like  the  eyes  of  wolves,  glared  at  them." 

Yet,  the  good  father  found  sources  of  consolation  even  here, 
and  desired  not  to  be  taken  down  from  the  adorable  wood. 

A  few  adults  listened  to  his  words  of  love,  and  some  dying 
infants  were  baptized. 

Spring  came  and  relieved  the  pressure  of  physical  suffering, 
and  hopefully  did  the  missionary  labor  on. 

The  band  of  partially  christianized  Hurons, — who,  on  the 
destruction  of  their  nation,  had  sought  refuge  from  the  Iroquois 
in  these  northern  fastnesses, — were  now  at  Bay  de  Noquet ;  and 
they  sent  for  Father  Mesnard  to  come  and  administer  to  them  the 
rites  of  religion.  It  was  a  call  he  could  not  resist,  although 
warned  that  the  toil  of  the  journey  was  too  great  for  his  failing 
strength,  and  that  dangers  beset  his  path.  He  replied,  "  God 
calls  me  thither,  I  must  go,  if  it  costs  me  my  life." 

He  started  ;  but  on  the  10th  of  August,  1661,  while  his  only 
attendant  was  getting  the  canoe  over  a  portage,  he  wandered 
into  t'  ..  forest,  and  was  never  seen  more. 

Whether  he  took  a  wrong  path  and  was  lost  in  the  wood,  or 
whether  some  straggling  Indian  struck  him  down,  was  never 
known. 

Thus  ended  the  life  of  Father  Mesnard,  the  first  christian  mis- 
Monary  who  labored  within  the  bounds  of  our  commonwealth. 
Although  possessed  of  no  striking  qualities,  yet,  by  his  fervent 
piety,  by  his  faithful  and  incessant  toil ;  by  his  calm  endurance, 
of  hardship  and  suffering  ;  by  his  noble  christian  courage  ;  by  his 
earnest  faith  and  christian  hope,  he  had  become  one  of  the  ruoat 
useful  missionaries  in  the  nev  world ;  commanding  the  respect 
of  his  superiors,  the  love  of  his  equals,  and  the  veneration  of  the 
Indians, 

As  a  pioneer  in  '^ur  own  State,  Michigan  should  cherish  liis 
memory,  and  seek  to  perpetuate  a  knowledge  of  his  virtues.    But 


F,ABI.Y    HISTORY   OF   LAKE   8UPEBI0B. 


175 


even  here, 
ood. 
[)mo  dying 

suffering, 

ho,  on  the 
le  Iroquois 
)quet ;  and 
o  them  the 
,  although 
his  failing 
ied,  "God 

ile  his  only 
)  wandered 

e  wood,  or 
was  never 

'istian  mis- 
lonwealth. 
lis  fervent 
;ndurance, 
ge  ;  by  hia 
>f  the  most 
le  respect 
tion  of  the 

herish  his 
ues.     But 


as  yet,  not  a  stream,  not  a  bay,  not  a  headland,  bears  his  honored 
name  ;  and  on  the  shores  of  the  great  lake  where  he  first  raised 
the  cross,  that  emblem  of  our  faith,  even  his  existence  is  hardly 
known. 

Hardships,  discouragements,  persecutions  and  death,  seemed 
only  to  excite  the  Jesuits  to  renewed  and  more  energetic  effort 
to  carry  the  gospel  to  the  poor  Indian. 

FATHER    ALLOUEZ. 

In  16Q^,  Claude  Allouez  left  Quebec  to  commecce  a  chris- 
tian mission  on  the  shores  of  Lake  Superior.  He  may  well  be 
called  the  founder  of  uorthwastern  missions  ;  the  real  pioneer  of 
Christianity  and  civilization  in  the  region  bordering  on  the  great 
northern  and  western  lakes. 

He  bad  not  that  cultivated  intellect ;  that  refined  taste  ;  that 
genial  heart  ;  that  elevation  of  soul ;  that  forgetfulness  of  self; 
that  freedom  from  exaggeration,  that  distinguished  father  Mar- 
quette ;  but  he  was  a  strong  character,  of  dauntless  courage ;  of 
ceaseless  and  untiriug  energy  ;  full  of  zeal ;  thoroughly  acquainted 
with  the  Indian  character,  and  eminently  a  practical  man.  For 
a  full  quarter  of  a  century,  he  was  the  life  and  soul  of  the  mis- 
sionary enterprise  in  Wisconsin  and  Illinois,  and  to  some  extent, 
Michigan. 

On  his  voyage  to  the  Sault,  he  was  subjected, — as  was  gener- 
ally the  case  with  the  missionaries  until  the  arm  of  French 
power  was  distinctly  felt  in  those  remote  regions, — to  the  keenest 
insult  and  to  the  coarsest  brutality  from  his  Indian  conductors. 
He  reached  the  Sault  early  in  September.  He  passed  on  beyond. 
For  a  whole  month  he  coasted  along  the  shores  of  the  Great 
Lake,  which  he  named  de  Tracy,  in  honor  of  the  Marquis  de 
Tracy,  then  in  command  of  Canada  as  governor,  and  in 
October,  at  Chegonnegon,  the  beautiful  La  Point  of  our  day,  he 
raised  the  standard  of  the  cross,  and  boldly  preached  its  doc- 
trines. 

The  Hurons,  in  search  of  whom  father  Mesnard  lost  his  life, 
iome  of  the  couvorts  of  father  Mesnard,  and  many  heathnn 
bands,  gathered  around  the  solitary  priest,  and  listened  to  his 


m 


i 


170 


EAKLY   HIHTOBY   OP  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


words  ;  yet  they  opened  not  their  hearts  readily  to  "the  prayer." 

He  visited  remote  tribes,  and  after  seeing  how  broad  was  the 
harvest,  and  how  ripe  for  the  sickle,  he  descended,  in  1667,  to 
Quebec,  for  more  laborers.  Quickly  he  moved  ;  promptly  he 
acted. 

In  two  days  after  Ir.s  arrival,  he  was  on  his  way  back  to  his 
beautiful  northern  field,  with  an  additional  priest  and  a  lay 
brother  in  his  company. 

He  remained  at  La  Point  until  father  Marquette  took  his 
place,  in  the  fail  of  1679,  when  he  founded  the  mission  of  St, 
Francs  Xavier  at  Green  Bay. 

After  father  Mnrquette'n  death,  he  succeeded  him  in  the 
Illinois  mission,  and  aftorward.s  founded  the  mission  of  St. 
Joseph,  on  onr  own  beautiful  river  of  that  name. 

It  does  J-iot  fall  in  witl;  cue  pisrpose  to  trace  the  intereUing 
career  of  this  man,  and  point  out  his  abundant  labors  and  Uintir- 
ing  zeal  as  a  roiasioaary,  or  his  valuable  services  an  an  explorer  ; 
for  our  own  soil  vras  but  incidentally  the  field  of  his  efforts, 

FATIIETR    M \RQl'  ETTE. 

But  of  all  the  meti,  whose  names  are  connected  with  the;  early 
history  of  I/ake  Superior,  thers  is  iioae  toward  whom  we  turn 
with  so  warm  a  love  and  feo  high  a  veneration  as  to  James 
Marquetf*. 

Ilia  cultivated  mind,  his  refined  taste,  his  warm  and  genial 
nature,  Ida  temdet  love  for  the  «ouls  in  his  charge,  his  calm  and 
immovable  courage  in  everf  hour  of  danger,  his  cheerful  sub- 
mission to  the  little  privations  and  keen  svifferiug  attending  the 
missionary  life,  bis  important  discoveries,  his  devotion  to  truth, 
his  catholic  spirit,  and  liwit  but  not  least,  'lji,s  early,  calm,  joyous 
and  heroic  death,  ail  entitle  him  to  that  high  pi  ace  in  the  regard 
of  posterity  which  his   memcfy  ha,8   beeji   slowly,    but   surely 

acquiring- 

Marquette  was  born  in  1637.  He  was  of  gentb;  blood, 
hav-.iig  descended  from  the  roofit  notable  family  in  the  small,  but 
ancient  and  stately  city  of  Leon,  in  the  north  (tf  France. 

Tht)  family  havo  for  centuries,  been  eminent  for  s,  dovotioji 


UMl 


mmiitamtaaicmumiiumiiiiMimMiiimtmiam 


;he  prayer." 

oad  was  the 
in  1667,  to 
ironaptly  he 

back  to  his 
,  ami  a  lay 

:te  took  his 
iasion  of  St. 

hiiu  in  the 
ssion   of  St. 

3  intereiting 
i'8  and  uiiitir- 
111  explorer  ; 

efforts, 


itli  the  early 
lom  we  turn 
is  to  James 

I  and  geoDial 
lis  calia  and 
iieerful  sub- 
.ttending  the 
Jon  to  truth, 
calm, joyous 

II  the  regard 
but   surely 

lenth;    blood, 

he  small,  but 

aiice. 

r  e,  devotion 


KAltLV    HlSTOitX    OF   LAKE   SLU'KiaOU. 


177 


to  military  life,  and  three  of  its  memlxsra  shed  their  blood  ufmu 
our  own  soil  during  the  war  of  the  Riivolution. 

Through  the  iii.struetions  of  a  pious  mother,,  he  became,  at  an 
early  age,  imbued  with  an  eanief*t  dessire  to  devote  hiaibelf  to  a 
religious  life. 

At  the  age  of  weventeen  he  renounced  the  allurements  of  liie 
world,  and  entered  tlie  Bociety  of  Jesus.  ,\8  required  by  the 
rules  of  the  oider^  he  spent  two  year?  in  tho.se  spiritual  exercisra 
proscribed  by  their  great  founder.  Then,  for  ten  king  years,  lie 
remained  under  tlie  remarkable  training  and  leachiug  of  the 
urder,  and  aL-cjuired  that  wonderful  .self-control,  that  quiet 
repose,  that  power  of  calm  endurance,  that  unquestioning 
obedience  to  hi.s  superiors  ;  thut  thirst  for  trial,  sutfej'ing  and 
(ifutli  that  marked  the  Jesuits  in  this,  the  gohlen  age  of  their 

pOWlT, 

III' took  for  hisi  lU'idel  in  life  the  great  Xavier,  and,  like 
liim,  longed  to  des'ote  his  (iayft  to  the  convei-sion  of  the  heathen, 
and  like  him,  to  die  in  (he  midst  ol  Id.-,  lahon,  in  a  foreign 
laud,  alone. 

Although  he  had  not  that  joyous  hilarity  of  soul;  that  gay 
huoyancy  of  spirit ;  and  tlmt  vi/oiiderful  pc»wer  over  men,  tliat 
.■^'j  distinguished  the  Aj'ioslle  to  tlie  Indira  ;  yet,  he  had  nuich  of 
Uiat  Hweet)ie.ss  of  disposition,  that  genial  temporament.,  that 
facile  a(i;.ipt,ation  to  cir(!Uin.^lftrice.4,  that  depth  of  love.,  and  that 
apostolic  /;eal  vt^hieh  behniged  to  that  wonderful  man. 

Panting  fir  a  missionary  life,  My.rqiiette,  «,fc  the  age  of 
ivvealy-nine  siiJed  fior  New  France,  which  he  reached  i-teptember 
20,  16()0. 

Early  in  October,  he  was  placed  imc^er  the  tuition  of  the 
celebrated  Father  Drenilletle  at  "  Three  Eivei*"  U)  learn  the 
native  language. 

After  a  year  and  a  half  of  pfapzratUm,  be  left  for  the  Sault 
>'t.  Mary  to  plant  the  first  permaaeicit  inisi-iion  and  settlement 
witliin  the  bounds  of  our  State. 

Th(5re  were  then  about  2,000  }:&di;5.n/i  at  this  point;  the 
liicilinr  with  which  they  <;ould  live  by  fishing,  niakiag  it  one  of 
rhe  most  populous  pla.'es  in  Indian  territniry. 


fltilSKHIW 


itH^«e%'«i£iiHia$iie£sitQB«Aift^%wni«MHWti.iQni 


i^ii,t-j»**U.w>«^  ;■  .*  >>ytiwiiiA-^t-),,.t 


i  »r*'\nnwkmmiitififf^ 


ITS 


KAliLY    aiNTOHY   OF   LAKE   SUPfiUIOB. 


They  were  Algonquin?,  mostly  Chippeways,  and  received  the 
teachings  of  the  good  father  with  great  docility,  and  would 
gladly  have  been  baptized,  but  the  wise  and  cautious  missionary 
withhold  the  rite  until  he  could  olearly  instruct  them  in 
ciiristian  duty.  In  the  following  year,  he  was  joined  by  Father 
Dablou,  when  the  first  ciiristian  church  on  Michigan  soil  was 
erected.  But  he  was  not  long  to  remain  in  thia  first  field  of  his 
labors.  In  obedience  to  ordei-s  iVom  hi.s  superiors,  in  the  fall  of 
1609  he  went  to  La  Pointe,  to  take  the  place  of  Allouez,  who 
proceeded  to  found  a  mission  at  Green  Bay.  For  a  whole 
month,  through  much  suffering  and  in  constant  peril  of  hia  life, 
he  coa.-^ted  along  the  shore.s  of  J^ake  Superior,  contending  with 
fierce  winds,  ice  and  snow. 

At  La  Point,  he  found  400  or  -500  Huronf<;  a  company  of 
Ottawas  and  some  other  tribes. 

The  Hurons  had  mostly  been  baptized;  and,  he  isaya  "still 
pre.ierve  some  Christianity."  "  Other  tribco,"  to  use  his  own 
language,  "  were  proud  and  undeveloped  "  and  he  had  so  little 
hope  of  them  that  he  did  not  baptize  healthy  infanta,  watchinj,' 
only  for  those  that  were  sick. 

It  was  only  after  long  months  of  trial  that  he  baptized  the 
first  adult,  i,fter  seeing  his  assiduity  in  prayer,  his  frankness  in 
recounting  his  past  life,  and  his  promises  for  the  future. 

Here  an  Illinois  captive  was  given  to  him,  and  he  imme- 
diately commenced  to  learn  the  language  from  this  rude  teacher, 
and  as  he  gradually  acquired  a  knowledge  of  it,  his  loving  heart 
warmed  towards  the  kind  hearted  and  peaceful  nation,  and  he 
longed  to  breuk  to  them  the  bread  of  life. 

"  No  one,"  he  exclaims,  "  must  hope  to  escape  crosses  in  our 
missions,  and  the  best  means  to  live  happy  is  not  to  fear  them  ; 
but  ia  the  enjoyment  of  little  crosses  hope  for  others  atill  greater. 
The  Illinois  desire  us,  like  Indian:;,  to  share  their  miseries  and 
suffer  all  that  can  be  imagined  in  barbarism.  They  are  lost 
sheep,  to  be  sought  through  woods  and  thorn.s." 

Here  it  was,  in  the  heart  of  this  Northern  winter,  surrounded 
by  his  Indians,  talking  in  a  broken  manner  with  his  Illinois 
captive,   that  he  conceived  the  idea  of  a  voyage  of  discovery. 


'^''^^uSiTn^mummxafn^r. 


W)''- 


EARLY   HlflTOBY   OP  LAKE  SUTEUIOB. 


179 


received  the 
and  would 
missionary 
t  thera  in 
i  by  Father 
itan  soil  was 
field  of  his 
in  the  fall  of 
A.llouez,  who 
''or  a  whole 
■il  of  hia  life, 
tending  with 

company  of 


K;  .says 


'still 


use  his  own 

had  so  little 

int«,  watching 

I  baptized  the 
i  frankness  in 
uture. 

^nd  he  immc- 
I  rude  teacher, 
8  loving  heart 
ation,   and  he 

crosses  in  our 
to  fear  them  ; 
'8  still  greater. 
'  miseries  and 
They  are  lost 

er,  surrounded 

,h  his  Illinois 

of  discovery. 


He  hears  of  a  great  river,  the  Mississippi,  whose  course  is 
southward.  He  says,  this  great  river  can  hardly  empty  into 
Virginia,  and  we  rather  believe  that  its  mouth  is  in  California. 
He  rejoict*  in  the  prospect  of  seeking  for  this  unknown  stream, 
with  one  Frenchman  and  this  Illinois  captive  as  his  only 
companions,  if  the  Indians  will,  according  to  their  agreement, 
make  him  a  canoe.  This  discovery,  he  aay.s,  will  give  us  a 
complete  knowledge  of  the  southern  and  we.'jtern  sea. 

But  his  further  labors  at  La  Pointe  and  his  pian.s  of  present 
discovery  were  suddenly  terminated  by  the  breaking  out  of  war. 

The  fierce  Dacot^hs,  tiiose  Iroquois  of  the  West,  who 
inspired  the  feeb'-'  tribes  about  them  with  an  overpowering  avre, 
thieatened  to  det  '  'e  the  region  of  La  Pointe. 

The  Otiawas  fii-st  left,  and  then  the  Hurons,  who  soenjcd 
destinod  to  be  wanderers  upon  the  face  of  the  earth  without  a 
spot  they  could  cull  their  own,  turned  their  faces  to  the  east. 

Their  hearts  fondly  yearned  for  that  delightful  home,  from 
which  they  had  been  so  cruelly  driven  iwonty  year,}  before. 
And  we  may  well  imagine  that  the  devoted  missionary  longed 
to  labor  in  that  field,  made  sa'red  by  the  blood  of  Daniel, 
Brebeuf,  Lallemant,  and  others. 

But  the  dreaded  Iroquois  were  too  near  and  too  dangerous 
neighbors  for  such  an  experiment,  and  with  their  missionnry  at 
their  head,  they  selected  for  their  home  the  point  known  as  St. 
Ignace,  opposite  Mackinaw. 

Bleak,  barren  and  inhospitable  as  was  this  spo*,  it  had  some 
peculiar  and  compensatory  advantages.  It  abounded  with  fish, 
and  was  on  the  great  highway  of  a  growing  Indian  commerce. 

Here,  in  the  summer  of  1671,  a  rude  church,  made  of  logs, 
and  covered  with  bark,  was  erected,  and  about  it  clustered  the 
stiil  ruder  cabins  of  the  Hurons.  Near  the  cha^wl  and  inclosing 
the  cabins  was  erected  a  palisade  to  defend  the  little  colony 
against  the  attacks  of  predatory  Indians. 

Thus  did  Marquette  become  the  founder  of  Mackinaw,  as  he 
had  before  been  of  Sault  St.  Mary.  Some  of  the  Hurons  wore 
still  idolaters,  and  the  Indians  were  weak  and  wayward,  but  ho 
looked  upon  them  with  parental  love. 


Jl 


mii 


/> 


.  •i&iM*lg*\i^,iaux.  .  ^^-.i 


'■*yit»wi*.^  - 


i^ai^^--imii/i0^^^'^  ii^iViiJ^'if^ 


180 


EABLY   HIBTOBY   OF  LAKE  SPPEBIOB. 


"  They  have,"  he  writes,  in  1672,  "  come  regularly  to  prayers 
and  have  listened  more  readily  to  the  instructions  I  gave  them, 
consenting  to  what  I  required  :o  prevent  theirdisorders  ana  abomi- 
nations. We  must  have  patience  with  untutored  minds  who 
know  only  the  devil ;  who,  like  their  ancestors,  have  been  his 
slaves,  and  who  often  relapse  into  the  sins  in  which  they  were 
nurtiii?d."  "  God  alone  can  fix  their  feeble  minds  and  place 
and  keep  them  in  his  grace,  and  touch  their  heart  while  we 
stammer  at  their  ears." 

A  large  colony  of  Ottawas,  located  near  the  mission,  although 
intractable,  received  his  faithful  and  Ibving  a'tention,  thus, 
"  stammering  at  their  ears,"  and  trusting  that  God  would  reach 
the  heart,  the  good  father,  through  privation,  suffering  and  inces- 
sant toil,  subjected  to  every  caprice,  insult  and  petty  persecution, 
labored  for  two  years,  cheered  by  the  privilege  of  occasionally 
baptising  a  dying  infant,  and  rejoicing  in  a  simple,  mournful, 
loving  faith  in  its  death.  Hearing  of  a  sick  infant,  he  says,  "  I 
went  at  once  and  baptized  it,  and  it  died  the  next  night.  Some 
of  the  othev  children,  too,  are  dead,  and  are  now  in  heaven. 
These  are  the  consolations  which  God  sends  us,  which  make  us 
esteem  our  life  more  happy  as  it  is  more  wrotehed." 

Htre,  again,  his  attention  was  called  to  the  discovery  of  the 
MiHsifisiitpl,  which  he  sought,  that  new  nations  might  be  open  to 
thi'  U'i'ImM  III  peace  and  good  will. 

Ii:  11  letter  to  his  superior,  after  speaking  of  his  field  of  labor, 
he  suv)^  '  I  am  ready  to  leave  it  in  the  hands  of  another  mis- 
sionary, and  go,  on  your  order,  to  seek  new  nations  towards  the 
South  Sea,  wlii)  an:  M\\\  unkiio\>a  to  us,  luid  teach  them  of  our 
great  (iftd,  wiiom  tliey  have  hitherto  unknown." 

His  fond  wishes  in  this  regard  were  nhout  to  be  gratified. 
The  newi!  ol  the  great  river  at  the  westward,  running  to  the 
southern  ssea,  had  reached  the  ears  of  the  great  Colbert,  and 
through  him,  of  Louis  XIV.  himself. 

Tiiey  did  not  lail  to  see  the  infinite  advantage  of  dib^overing 
and  possessing  this  great  element  of  territorial  power. 

The  struggle  for  dominion  in  America  between  the  English 
and  the  French,  was  then  pending.     If  the  English  settlements. 


KABLY   HISTORY   OF   LAKE  8DPEBI0R. 


181 


y  to  prayers 
gave  them, 
s  ana  abomi- 
minds  who 
ve  been  his 
h  they  were 
18  and  place 
,rt  while  we 

on,  although 
ention,  thus, 
would  reach 
ig  and  inces- 
persecution, 
occaaioually 
e,  mournful, 
,  he  says,  "  I 
light.  Some 
V  in  heaven, 
lich  make  us 

3overy  of  the 
It  be  open  to 

field  of  labor, 
another  mis- 

s  towards  the 
them  of  our 

be  gratified, 
nning  to  the 
Colbert,  and 

if  disb-iovering 

er. 

1  the  English 

li  settlements, 


then   feeble  and  scattered  along  the  Atlantic  coast,  couid  be 

hemmed  in  by  a  series  of  French  posts,  from  the  "  Great  Lakes" 

to  tht  Southern  Sea,  France   would  control  the  continent,  and 

ambitious  schemes  of  Britain  would  be  nipped  in  the  bud. 

Colbert  authorized  the  expedition,  and  was  ably  seconded  by 

the  wise  energy  and  sagacious  forecast  of  Count  Frontenac  and 

of  Talon,  Governor  and  Inteudant  of  New  France. 

Jolliet,  a  young,  intelligent  and  enterprising  merchant,  of 

Quebec,  and  Marquette,  were  appointed  to  execute  the  project. 

In  the  fall  of  1672,  Jolliet  arrived  at  Mackinaw  with  the 

joyful   news.     Marquette  had.  as  he  says,  long  invoked  the 

"  blessed  virgin"  that  he  might  obtain  of  God  the  grace  to  be 

able  to  vinit  the  nations  of  the  Mississippi. 

He  is  enraptured  at  the  good  news  that  his  desires  are  about 

to  be  gi-atified  ;  that  he  is  to  expose  his  life  for  the  salvation  of 

those  nations,  and  especially  of  the  Illinois. 

They   were   not  to   leave  until  spring     During    that  long 

dreary  winter  on  that  desolate  point,  he  spent  his  leisure  time  in 

gathering   from   the   Indians   all   possible   information   of  the 

unknown  region  they  were  about  to  visit,  and  tracing  upon  the 

bark  of  the  birch,  maps  of  the  courses  of  rivers,  and   writing 

down  the  names  of  the  nations  and  tribes  inhabiting  their  banks, 

and  of  the  villages  they  should  visit. 

On  the  17th  of  May,  1673,  in  two  bark  canoes,  manne;"»  by 

five  men,  and  stocked  with  a  small  supply  of  Indian  corn  and 

dried  venison,  the  two  explorers  left  Mackinaw. 

"  Our  joy  at  being  chosen,"  says  the  good  father,  "  for  this 

expedition,   roused   our   courage   and   sweetened   the   labor  of 

rowing  from  morning  till  night."     And  merrily  over  the  clear 

waters   of  Lake   Michigan  did   they    ply   the  paddle  of  their 

light  canoe  .    . 

"  And  the  forest  life  wa«  in  it ; 

All  its  mystery  and  maRic ; 

All  the  brightneaa  of  the  birch  tree, 

All  the  t()iighne«w  of  the  cedar. 

All  the  beech's  supple  sinews, 

And  it  floated  on  the  wat»T 

Like  a  yellow  leaf  in  autumn, 

Like  a  yellow  water  lily." 


m 


mm\ 


■3  "jl 


■J  ¥7     / 


M 


n 


I 


7^^ft'^'^'^!h'^fi'1f''^"^*^''■^^"''^^'^-C'Vvyr''^^  ""'  '  '""''""  '''''  ''""'''ft^ii'^''''" 


•l.,ii^i)i»n^. 


182 


EABLY   HI8T0BY  OP  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


At  Green  Bay,  the  friendly  ludiai  s  did  all  in  their  power  to 
prevent  the  further  progress  of  the  ejcpedition.  They  pictured 
U)  the  courageous  explorers,  the  fierce  Dacotahs  with  their  long 
black  hair,  their  eyes  of  fire,  and  their  terrible  toraahawke  of 
stone  ;  who  never  spared  strangers. 

They  told  of  the  wars  then  raging,  and  the  war  parties  on 
every  trail.  They  described  the  danger  of  navigation,  of  frighu 
ful  rapids  and  sunken  rocks,  of  fearful  monsters  that  s-vallowed 
up  men  and  canoes  together ;  of  a  cruel  demon  that  ftops  the 
passage  and  engulfs  the  navigator  who  dares  to  invade  his 
dominion;  of  excessive  heats  that  would  infallibly  cause 
their  death. 

The  good  father  told  them  that  the  salvation  of  souls  was 
concerned,  and  that  in  such  a  cause  he  would  gladly  lay  down 
his  life  ;  that  of  the  dangers  they  described,  they  had  no  fear. 
On  went  the  travelers,  toilfully  ascending  the  Fox  River, 
dragging  their  canoea  up  the  rapids,  over  sharp  stones  that 
lacerated  their  bleeding  and  unprotected  feet. 

In  ten  days  ftom  leaving  Mackinaw,  they  had  passed  the 
portage;  had  launched  their  canoes  upon  the  wateis  of  the 
Wisconsin  and  commenced  its  descent  towards  the  Mississippi. 
For  seven  days  they  floated  down  its  crystal  waters.  Vine- 
clad  islets,  fertile  banks,  diversified  with  wood,  prairie  and  hill, 
alive  with  deer  and  moose,  delight  their  vision,  but  no  human 
being  is  seen. 

On  the  17th  of  June,  1673  with  joy,  "  which,"  says  the  good 
father,  "I  cannot  express,"  they  entered  the  great  river,  and  the 
longed-for  discovery  is  made,  and  the  "  Father  of  Waters"  is 
given  to  the  civilized  world. 

It  is  true  that  De  Soto,  in  that  fool-hardy  and  sadly  unfortu- 
nate expedition,  that  has  added  a  thrilling  chapter  to  American 
history,  had,  130  years  before,  discovered  the  lower  Mississippi, 
but  it  seems  never  to  have  been  revisited,  and  the  very  knowledge 
of  it  had  died  out. 

For  seven  days  more  the  joyous  adventurers  floated  down  its 
broad  bosom,  following  its  gentle  curves,  before  they  saw  a 
human  being. 


M 


lir  power  to 

py  pictured 

their  long 

lahuwks  of 

parties  on 

,  offrighu 

t  H-vallowed 

it  t<tops  the 

invade  his 

il)ly    cause 

)f  souls  was 
y  lay  dowu 
ad  no  fear. 
Fox  River, 
stones   that 

passed  the 
iteis  of  the 
Mississippi, 
ters.  Vine- 
rle  and  hill, 

no  human 

ys  the  good 
'er,  and  the 
Waters"  is 

lly  unfortu- 
'  American 
Mississippi, 
knowledge 

id  down  its 
hev  saw  a 


EARLY    HIHTOBY   OF   LAKE   8UPEIIIOR. 


183 


The  scenery  has  changed.  The  islands  are  more  beautiful. 
There  is  little  wood,  and  no  hill ;  deer,  moose,  bustard  and 
wingless  swans  abound.  As  they  descend,  the  turkey  takes  the 
place  of  smaller  game,  and  the  buffalo  •  f  other  bii"st8.  Although 
the  solitude  becomes  almost  insupportable,  and  they  long  to  see 
other  human  faces  than  their  own,  yet  they  move  with  caution. 
Th  7  light  but  little  fire  at  night,  on  shore,  just  to  prepare  a 
meal,  then  move  as  far  as  possible  from  it,  anchor  their  canoes 
in  the  stream  and  post  a  sentinel,  to  warn  thei"  of  approaching 
danger. 

Finally,  on  the  26th  of  June,  they  discover  footprints  by  the 
water  side,  and  a  well  beaten  trail  leading  off  through  a  beauti- 
ful prairie,  on  the  west  bank. 

They  are  in  the  region  of  the  wild  and  dreaded  Daootahs, 
and  they  conclude  that  a  village  is  at  hand.  Coolly  braving 
the  danger,  Marquette  and  Jolliet  leave  their  caiocs  in  charge 
of  the  men  ;  they  take  to  the  trail,  and  in  silence  for  two  leagues 
they  follow  its  gentle  windings,  until  they  come  in  sight  of  two 
Indian  villages. 

Having  committed  themselves  to  God,  and  implored  his 
help,  they  approach  so  near  that  they  hear  conversation,  without 
being  discovered,  and  then  stop  and  announce  their  presence  by 
a  loud  outcry.  The  Indians  rushed  from  their  cabins,  and  see- 
ing the  unarmed  travelers,  they  after  a  little,  depute  four  old 
men  to  approach  them,  which  they  do  very  slowly. 

Father  Marquette  inquires  who  they  are,  and  Is  rejoiced  to 
learn  that  they  are  Illinois.  He  can  speak  to  them  in  their 
own  language. 

They  ofler  the  pipe  of  peace,  which  is  here  first  named  the 
"  calumet."  They  are  most  graciously  received  at  the  first 
village. 

An  old  man,  perfectly  naked,  stands  at  the  cabin  door,  with 
his  hand  raised  toward  the  sun,  and  he  exclaims,  "  How  beauti- 
ful is  the  sun,  O  Frenchmen,  when  thou  comest  to  visit  us.  Our 
town  awaits  thee,  and  thou  shalt  enter  all  our  cabins  in  peace." 
There  was  a  crowd  of  people  who  devoured  them  with  their  eyes. 
They   had   never   before  seen  a  white  man.     As  the  travelers 


II 


i 


> 


■^MrtV^ilUiyHiMMlMia 


'''"'''""-Tlnifiiiliiliiiriirir'^"' 


184 


KAUIiY    IIISTOUY   Of   I^KK   HUl'KUiOK. 


ptwsod  to  another  village,  to  visit  the  chief  sachem,  the  people 
ran  ahead,  threw  themHelves  upon  the  grass  by  the  wayside,  and 
awaited  their  coining,  then  again  ran  on  before  in  order  to  got  a 
itecontl  and  third  opportunity  to  gaze  at  them. 

After  several  days  stay  with  tlii^  kin<l  and  hospitable 
(Hjople,  our  adventurers  pass  on  down  the  river  as  far  aa 
Arkansas,  when  finding  that  they  could  not  safely  proceed 
further,  they  cuminenced  to  retrace  their  steps  on  the  17th  of 
July,  just  one  mouth  after  entering  the  Mississippi,  and  just  two 
months  after  leaving  Maitkinaw. 

They  ascend  the  beautiful  Illinois,  whicii  is  now,  for  the  first 
time,  navigated  by  civilized  men.  They  are  delighted  at  the 
fertility  of  the  soil,  with  the  beautiful  prairies  and  charming 
forests  which  swarm  with  wild  cattle,  deer,  bustards,  swans, 
ducks,  and  parrots.  They  stop  at  an  Illinois  town  of  seventy- 
four  cabins  and  Father  Manpiette  promises  to  return  and 
instruct  them  in  the  truth  of  religion. 

One  of  the  chiefs,  with  his  young  men,  escort  the  company 
to  the  lake  at  Chicago,  and  they  return  to  Green  Bay. 

Thus  ended  that  eventful  voyage  that  added  the  delightful 
region  of  the  upper  M888i88ii)pi  to  the  geography  of  the  known 
world,  and  gave  to  Fiance  advantages  which,  had  they  not  been 
prodigally  thrown  away,  in  the  wicked  folly  of  the  reign  of  Louis 
XV.,  might  have  given  to  America  a  widely  different  history. 

Jolliet,  with  his  journal  and  maps,  passed  on  to  Quebec, 
but  he  lost  all  his  papers  by  the  capsizing  of  his  canoe,  before 
reaching  there. 

Marquette  remained  at  Green  'Bay  to  recruit  from  a  disease 
brought  on  by  his  exhausting  toils  and  his  many  exposures. 

From  here  he  forwarded  a  report  of  his  journey  to  his  supe- 
rior. It  was  drawn  up  with  admirable  skill  and  a  genuine  mod- 
esty that  became  his  magnanimous  soul.  The  map  accompany- 
ing the  report,  drawn,  as  it  was,  without  surveys  and  without 
instruments,  is  wonderful  for  its  accuracy  of  outline.  Indeed, 
this  may  be  said  of  most  of  the  maps  of  that  period,  which  were 
drawn  up  by  the  Jesuits,  who,  while  they  seemed  mainly  to  have 
in  view  the  conversion  of  the  savage's,  yet  proved  themselves  to 


M 


:Ji^@a'  ,JttH*w*. 


EAHI-Y    HISTORY   OK    LAKE   HUPERIOK. 


ISS 


the  |)€(>ple 
yside,  and 
er  to  got  u 

lumpitublu 
HH    far  aa 
y    procetid 
le   17tl)  of 
id  jU8t  twu 

or  tl»e  first 
ted  at  the 
charming 
ds,  swant), 
)f  seventy- 
eturu    and 

ti  company 
f- 

s  delightful 
the  known 
iy  not  been 
^n  of  Louis 
history, 
to  (Quebec, 
aoe,  before 

n  a  disease 
jsures. 
;o  his  supe- 
iiuine  mod- 
ccorapany- 
id  without 
i.  Indeed, 
vhich  were 
nly  to  have 
emselvea  to 


he  the  most  valuable  of  discoverers,  and   the  most  careful  of 
observers. 

It  was  not  until  late  in  October,  1()74,  that  Marquette  was  so 
far  recruited  as  to  attempt  to  perform  his  promise  to  the  Illinois. 
He  then  left  Green  Bay  with  two  French  voyageurs  for  his 
companions,  but  before  he  reached  Chicago,  by  the  slow  process 
of  coasting  the  shores  of  a  stormy  lake,  at  an  inclement  season, 
his  disease,  a  chronic  dysentery,  returned  upon  him  with  its  full 
force. 

The  Hlreanis  by  which  he  expected  to  reach  his  mission 
ground  were  frozen,  and  ho  was  too  weak  to  go  by  land.  Here, 
in  this  then  .solitude,  but  where  now  stands  a  city  with  over 
300,000  inhiibitant.s,  uloue  with  his  two  voyagers,  in  a  rude  cabin 
which  afforded  but  slender  protection  from  the  bitter  inclemen- 
cies of  the  season,  in  feeble  health,  living  on  the  coarsest  food, 
with  a  consciousness  that  he  vas  never  to  recover,  he  passed  the 
long  winter  of  1674-5. 

He  spent  much  time  in  devotion,  beginning  with  the  exer- 
cises of  St.  Ignatius,  .saying  mass  daily,  confessing  his  compan- 
ions twice  a  week,  and  exhorting  them,  aa  his  strength  allowed. 
Though  earnestly  longing  to  commence  his  mission  amongst  his 
beloved  Illinois,  yet  he  was  cheerfully  resigned  to  the  will  of 
God. 

After  a  season  of  special  prayer,  that  he  might  so  far  recover 
as  to  take  possession  of  the  land  of  the  Illiuois,  in  the  name  of 
Christ,  his  strength  increased,  and  on  the  29th  of  March,  he 
left  his  solitary  and  desolate  wintering,  >ind  in  ten  days  he 
reached  his  destination. 

The  Illinois,  to  the  number  of  six  hundred  fires,  were  await- 
ing his  arrival.  They  received  him  with  unbounded  joy,  as  an 
angel  from  heaven,  come  to  teach  them  the  pra3'er.  After  much 
private  teaching  from  cabin  to  cabin,  and  exhortation  to  the 
principal  chiefs,  he  gathered  them  in  grand  concourse,  and  there, 
on  a  lovely  Apr!  day,  upon  a  beautiful  open  plain,  with  thou- 
sands of  the  ta^trny  sons  and  daughters  of  the  prairie  hanging 
upv>n  his  lips,  tlic  dying  man  preached  Christ,  and  him  crucilied. 
m«  persi'.dsive   vords  were  received  with  univerhi.i  approba- 


.; 


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iVftiif ipK!*! 


186 


EAULY    HIHTOBY   OF   LAKE   8UPEKIOB. 


tion,  while  his  fast-failing  strength  warned   him  that  his  own 
days  were  numbered. 

He  desired  to  reach  his  former  mission  of  St.  Ignatius,  at 
Mackinaw,  before  his  departure,  that  he  might  die  with  his  re- 
ligious brethren,  and  leave  his  bones  among  his  beloved  Hurons. 
He  {.romised  the  Illinois  that  some  other  teacher  of  the  prayer 
should  take  his  place  and  continue  the  mission,  and  bade  them 
a  loving  and  regretful  farewell. 

They  escorted  him,  with  great  barbai'ic  pomp  to  the  lake, 
contending  with  (tne  another  for  the  honor  of  carrying  his  little 
baggage. 

For  many  d^ys,  accompanied  only  by  his  two  voyageurs,  he 
coasted  in  his  frail  canoe  along  the  eastern  shore  of  Lake  Mich 
igan,  his  strength  rajtidly  failing  and  his  precious  life  ebbing 
away.  He  became  entirely  helpless,  and  was  lifted  like  a  child 
into  and  from  the  canoe.  His  vision  also  failed,  but  his  gentle- 
ness, his  cheerful  joy  in  the  prospect  before  him,  and  his  calm 
trust  in  God  never  faltered. 

Daily  he  recited  his  breviary.  He  encouraged  his  despond- 
ing companions,  and  exhorted  them  to  put  confidence  in  the  God 
of  their  salvation,  who  would  not  forsake  thorn. 

They  read  io  him,  at  his  request,  a  meditation  on  death, 
which  he  had  long  before  prepared  for  this  eventful  hour.  Often 
did  he,  with  hopeful  voice  exclaim,  '•  I  believe  that  my  Reedemer 
liveth."  On  the  evening  before  his  death,  with  a  face  radiant 
with  joy,  he  told  his  companions  that  on  the  morrow  he  should 
die.  Calmly  and  sweetly,  as  if  talking  of  the  death  of  another, 
he  gave  directions  us  to  the  disposition  of  his  body. 

On  tho  following  day  as  he  approached  the  mouth  of  a  river, 
he  pointed  out  the  place  for  his  burial,  upon  an  eminence  on  its 
bank.  The  weather  was  propitious,  and  tho  voyageurs  passed 
on.  But  a  wind  arose,  and  they  were  driven  back  to  the  rivers' 
mouth,  which  they  entered.  He  was  carried  on  shore  ;  a  fire 
was  kindled  ;  a  slight  she'ter  of  bark  raised,  and  he  was  laid 
upon  the  sand. 

Here  he  gave  bis  last  instructions  ;  thanked  his  followers  for 
their  faithful  and  long  s  rvice  ;  administered  to  them  the  rites 


i 


'xy'M.*H'tWMM^*<:>'^0'it^^^0'^ 


■-.(Mi»f" 


.•ar 


lat  his  own 

Ignatius,  at 
with  his  re- 
ved  Hurons 
F  the  prayer 
\  bade  them 

to  the  lake, 
in^  his  liUle 

oyageurs,  he 
Lake  Mich 
I  life  ebbing 
1  like  a  child 
It  his  gentle- 
and  his  calm 

his  despond- 
LC  in  the  God 

)a  on  death, 
1  hour.  Olleii 
my  Reedemer 
,  face  radiant 
•ow  he  should 
h  of  another, 

ith  of  a  river, 
ainence  on  its 
ftgeurs  passed 
:  to  the  rivers' 
shore  ;  a  fire 
I  he  was   laid 

s  followers  for 
them  the  rites 


EAfiLY   HISTOBX   OF  LAKi!   SUPERIOR 


of  their  religion  ;  sent  by  them  his  last  kind  raesaagfc  to  his 
religious  brethren,  and  bade  them  go  and  take  their  rest,  until 
his  final  hour  should  come.  After  two  or  three  hours,  and  as 
he  was  about  to  enter  his  agony,  he  called  them,  gave  them  a 
las';  embrace,  asked  for  the  holy  water,  handed  one  of  them  his 
cracifix  from  his  neck,  asking  him  to  hold  it  before  him,  and 
with  his  eyes  fixed  sweetly  upon  it,  pronounced  his  profession  of 
faith,  and  thanked  God  that,  he  had  granted  him  the  grace  to 
die  a  midsionary  of  the  crods,  in  a  foreign  land  alone. 

As  his  spirit  was  about  to  pass,  one  of  his  companions  cried 
aloud  "  Jesus  Marie  !"  Aroused  by  the  sound,  he  repeated  the 
words,  and  as  if  some  glorious  object  appeared  to  him,  he  fixed 
his  dying  gaze  beyond,  and  above  the  crucifix,  and  with  a  coun- 
tenance all  beaming  with  holy  rapture,  his  soul  departed  without 
a  struggle,  as  gently  as  if  he  had  fallen  asleep. 

Thus,  on  the  18th  of  May,  1675,  at  the  cge  of  38,  and  after 
nine  years  of  faithful  service  in  the  missionary  field,  father  Mar- 
quette departed,  and  like  his  great  model,  the  apostle  to  the 
Indies,  he  died  upou  a  desolate  beach,  and  like  him,  his  dying 
hour  was  illuminated  by  a  radiance  from  a  brighter  world. 

The  little  stream,  upon  whose  banlts  he  breathed  his  last, 
still  bears  his  honored  name.  An(  there  will  ever  be  connected 
with  that  spot  tender  remembrancer  and  hallowed  associations. 
In  1821,  father  Richard,  the  well  beloved  priest  at  Detroit,  paid 
to  it  a  loving  pilgrimage,  and  erected  thereon  a  wooden  cross, 
with  an  inscription  traced  in  rude  characters  with  a  pen  knife, 
in  its  crude  simplicity  a  fit  tribute  from  a  fit  man. 

Bui  no  enduring  marble  is  required  to  preserve  in  fresh  fra- 
grance  the  memory  of  his  virtues.  His  is  one  of  those  few,  those 
immortal  names,  "  that  were  not  born  to  die." 

But  his  mortal  remains  do  not  repose  in  their  original  rest- 
ing place.  Two  years  after  his  death,  the  Indians  belonging  to 
his  mission  of  St.  Ignatius,  returning  from  their  winter  hunting- 
grounds,  stopped  at  his  grave,  sought  his  remf'.ns,  and  according 
to  an  Indian  custom,  cleaned  his  bones,  placed  them  reveren- 
tially in  a  box  of  birchen  bark,  and  then  in  a  mournful  proces- 
sion, the  thirty  oanoes  moved  on  towards  Mackinaw. 


li 


kV 


I 


H<n>fi>iiMSifr'*!* 


i"*if!a,.Jiji!B 


,  ,;to*i3i>,'=:^:*i*± 


188 


EABLY   HISTORY   OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


Before  reaching  the  roission,  they  were  met  by  fathers  Pierson 
and  Nouveile  and  all  the  Indiana  at  the  Misaion,  who  came  out 
to  pay  a  fond  tribute  to  their  best  beloved  naissionary. 

Then  the  solemn  De  Profundig  was  intoned,  and  then,  with 
all  appropriate  rites  the  precious  remains  were  deposited  in  the 
church,  and  on  the  following  day,  in  a  vault  beneath  the  church. 
The  mission  was  subsequently  removed  to  Old  Mackinaw, 
and  the  rude  church  has  long  since  disappeared,  and  the  precise 
spot  where  the  remains  of  father  Marquette  now  lie,  mingled 
with  the  dust,  is  not  known. 

AT  THE  8AULT. 
When  Marquette  left  the  Sault,  in  1669,  the  wise  and  evan- 
gelic Dablon,  then  prii  lipal  of  all  the  Ottawa  missions, — as  the 
missions  of  the  upper   lakes  were   named,— waa   in   charge  of 
the  mission  at  that  point. 

He  was  succeeded  by  father  Drouilleta,  who,  full  of  sanctity 
and  zeal,  labored  there   with  most  wonderful  success,  for  nine 

years. 

Large   numbers  were  baptized,  and  in  general  council,  the 
Indians  adopted  the  God  of  prayer  as  their  God. 

Here,  in  June,  1671,  took  place  a  most  impressive  ceremony. 

In  October,  1770,  M.  Ta'on,  Inteiidaut  of  New  France,  com- 
missioned Sieur  de  St.  Lusson,  commissioner  to  search  for  copper 
mines,  and  take  possession  of  the   country  through  which   he 
should  pass,  in  the  name  of  the  King  of  France.     M.  Perrot,  an 
interpreter  well   known  to  the   Indians,  and  of  great  influence 
among  them,  in  the  Spring  of  1671,  was  directed  to  gather  to- 
gether the  Indian  nations  of  these  northern  lakes,  at  the  Sault, 
and  a  grand   council  was  held  on  the  14th  of  June,  at  which 
fourteen  of  these  nations  wore  largely  nepresented.    St.  Lusson 
caused  a  cross  to  be  prepared  Bnd  erected,  and  near  it  a  cedar  pole 
to  which  was  affixed  the  arms  of  France,  and  then  "  In  the  name 
of  the  most  high,  most  mighty,  and  most  redoubtable  monarch, 
Louis  14th,  ol  the  christian  name,  King  of  France  and  Navarre," 
he  took  possession  of  the  whole  lake  region,  and  the  countries, 
rivers  contiguous  and  adjacent  thereto,  whether  discovered,  or  to 
be  discovered,  bounded  by  the  Northern  and  Western  Seas,  and 


I., 


f.^'i^l^**"..,""'!*''' 


'T9!^i-'''-hi^'^i'*S?i'''^ 


yi>,y,ff-~  M  «<i^;MmM^I&^i!^i^^0'f-*^'\ 


lere  Piereon 
10  cume  out 

then,  with 
>8ited  in  the 

the  church. 

Mackinaw, 
1  the  precise 
ie,   mingled 


se  and  evan- 
ions, — aa  the 
u   charge  of 

11  of  sanctity 
.•ess,  for  nine 

1  council,  the 

ve  ceremony. 
France,  com- 
■ch  for  copper 
;h  which  he 
tf.  Perrot,  an 
eat  influence 
to  gather  to- 
sit  the  Sault, 
ne,  at  which 
.  St.  Lusson 
,  a  cedar  pole 
'  In  the  name 
)le  monarch, 
nd  Navarre," 
,he  countries, 
overed,  or  to 
irn  Seas,  and 


by  the  South  Sea,  declaring  that  these  regions  were  dependant 
upon  his  majesty,  and  subject  to  his  laws  and  customs.  There 
were  present  on  this  occasion  fathers  Dablon,  Drouillets,  Allouez 
and  Andre,  together  with  various  officers,  soldiers  and  citizens. 
Allouez  made  a  famous  speech  in  praise  of  the  greatness  of  the 
French  King.  The  ceremony  was  one  calculated  to  deeply  im- 
press the  savage  roiud. 

RESULTS  OF  JESUIT  MISSIONS. 

It  would  be  a  grateful  task  to  dwell  upon  the  labors  and 
character  of  those  Jesuits  who  were  the  compeers  of  Marquette 
and  Dablou. 

But  with  these  men  passed  away  the  "  golden  age"  of  the 
Jesuits  in  the  Northwest.  They  were  among  the  best  fruits  of 
that  wonderful  system  which  for  a  century  and  a  half  made  the 
order  of  Jesus  one  of  the  greatest  powers  of  the  world. 

They  were  placed  in  circumstances  that  developed  in  an  eX' 
traordinary  degree  many  of  the  best  results  of  that  training  and 
disi;ipline  instituted  by  Loyalla,  without  at  the  same  time  bring- 
ing forth  those  bitter  evils  that  are  among  their  natural  fruits. 

They  exhibited  great  learning,  a  high  self-control,  an  inflex- 
ibility of  purpose,  an  enduring  constancy,  an  unweari(;d  patience 
in  toil  and  hardship,  a  calm  courage  that  despised  danger  and 
triumphed  over  the  intensest  suffering,  a  fervent  zeal,  and  an 
earnestness  of  devotion  that  find  few  parallels  in  history.  They 
did  uot  develop,  nor  did  the  circumstances  of  their  situation 
tend  to  develop  that  bitter  intolerance,  that  hatred  of  civil  and 
religious  freedom,  that  passion  for  intrigue,  that  systematic 
treachery,  that  insatiate  lust  of  power,  and  that  unscrupulous 
and  cruel  abuse  of  power  when  obtained,  that  marked  the  Jesuits 
of  Europe,  and  aroused  against  them  the  deep  indignation  of 
Protestant  and  Catholic  Christendom,  and  that  led  to  their  ex- 
pulsion i'roia  the  most  enlightened  Catholic  kingdoms  of  Europe, 
and  their  suppression  by  the  Pope  himself. 

But  the  influences  that  were  already  operating  in  the  courU 
of  Europe,  and  undermining  Jesuitical  power  there,  began  to  be 
felt  in  the  wilds  of  Canada. 


II 


iiiitgi>fi^f>rpm 


...^j?i}ya^j^;«a^^&-'«'i^!ef!ia^ 


190 


EABLY   HISTORY   OF  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


Colbert,  the  great  minister  of  the  grand  monarch,  liked  them 
not,  and  Frontenac  cordially  hated  them. 

From  1671  to  1681,  and  Irom  1689  to  his  death,  in  1698,  he 
was  at  the  head  of  affairs  in  Canada.  The  RecollecU,  whom  he 
favored,  were  re-established  in  the  new  world. 

Jealousies  and  dissensions  sprang  up,  and  in  a  thousand  ways 
the  plans  and  the  purposes  of  the  Jesuits  were  thwarted.  Special 
efforts  were  made  to  ruin  their  influence  at  court. 

It  ie  a  curious  study  to  read  the  voluminous  dispatches  that 
passed  between  Canada  and  the  court  of  France. 

Louis  XIV  was  at  the  very  culmination  of  his  power,  and  in 
the  full  exercise  of  that  system  of  centralized  absolutism  foui>ded 
by  Richelieu  and  perfected  by  himself. 

He  was  as  minutely  informed  of  the  transactions  of  an  in- 
significant post  on  the  watery  wastes  of  Lake  Superior,  as  if 
they  were  taking  place  on  the  banks  of  the  Seine.  And  the 
minutest  orders  issued  from  his  ministers,  and  sometimes  from 
himself  in  relation  to  these  distant  places. 

In  seeking  to  givc  to  the  Jesuits  who  distinguished  themselves 
in  the  early  annals  of  the  Northwest,  their  true  place  upon  the 
pages  of  history,  we  cannot  place  them  beside  the  founders  of 
New  England. 

They  were  not,  in  any  sense,  the  founders  of  empires.     They 

did   not   lay  foundations  broad  and  deep  for  free  institutions. 

And  even  as  missionaries  among  the  Indians  they  seem  to  have 

exerted  but  little   permanent  influence  upon  Indian  life    and 

character. 

"As  from  the  wing  the  sky  no  scar  retains, 
liie  parted  wave,  no  furrow  from  the  koel ;" 

So  Indian  character  and  destiny  show  us  no  distinct  trace  of  the 
abundant  and  self-denying  labors  of  these  men. 

At  least  those  traces  are  sadly  disproportioned  to  the  learn- 
ing, the  piety,  the  fervent  zeal  and  the  precious  human  life  be- 
stowed upon  this  field  of  labor. 

Doubtless,  some  of  the  causes  of  this  result  lie  deep  in  Indian 
character,  and  the  unfavorable  circumstances  surrounding  them. 
But  there  are,  as  we  conceive,  other  causes,  growing  out  of  the 


I 


■i'mm,. 


^.j.j^Bj.gyttaJJ^.a'l!:  .t^;!g,.%'.'U|jg.g',^  'li:^!^^g 


■■■■ 


m 


Hked  them 

in  1698,  he 
l^,  whom  he 


>U8and  ways 
ted.   Special 

jatohes  that 

Dwer,  and  in 
ism  fou;>ded 

Q8  of  an  in- 
iperior,  ai^  if 
s.  And  the 
letimes  from 

d  tliemselves 
ice  upon  the 
I  founders  of 

pi  res.     They 

institutions. 

leem  to  have 

an  life    and 


trace  of  the 

to  the  learn- 
man  life  be- 

!p  in  Indian 

nding  them. 

out  of  the 


EARLY   HISTORY   OP  LAKE  8UPE1U0B. 


191 


fundamentally  erroneous  system  of  Jesuit  Catholicism  still  more 
effective ;  causes  that  must  ever  prevent  that  system  from  ac- 
complishing any  great  permanent  good  for  the  race. 

There  is  no  blument  of  freedom  in  it ;  unlimived,  unquestion- 
ing obedience  is  of  its  very  essence.  To  develop  the  human  soul 
and  intellect,  it  must,  like  the  body,  have  freedom. 

But  if  ihey  were  not  founders  of  empires,  if  they  did  little  or 
nothing  towards  the  elevation  of  Indian  character,  these  men 
siill  have  a  proud  place  upon  the  historic  page,  which  all  should 
readily  concede. 

As  discoverers  and  explorers,  they  have  had  few  superiors. 

Persevering,  self  denying,  toil-enduring,  courageous — no  pri- 
vations disgusted,  no  hardships  appalled,  no  dangers  terrified. 

Contemptuous  uf  threatened  evil,  they  boldly  placed  them- 
selves in  the  power  of  untutored  and  unfiiendly  savages;  living 
with  them  in  their  dirty  camps ;  partaking  of  their  inconceiv- 
ably filthy  food;  sleeping  with  them  and  their  dogs;  annoyed 
by  their  vermin;  poisoned  with  their  stench  ;  submitting  meekly 
to  the  contumely  of  the  haughty,  and  the  insults  and  brutality 
of  the  mean. 

Calmly,  persistently  they  braved  the  forced  toil  of  paddling 
the  canoe,  or  over  sharp  stones  and  up  foaming  rapids  of  drag- 
ging its  weight,  often  wading  waist  deep  in  water,  or  plunging 
through  ice  and  snow. 

Piercing  winds,  bitter  cold,  dire  want,  and  terrific  danger, 
were  among  their  common  trials.  Yet  they  persevered  with  a 
ceaseless  a^^jiduity  and  untiring  energy,  that  no  suffering  could 
subdue.  Industriously  they  traveled,  e^xiously  they  inquired, 
carefully  ihey  observed,  and  carefully  ond  minutely,  under  every 
disadvantage,  by  the  light  of  the  glimmering  camp  fires,  they 
committed  the  result  of  their  travels,  itquiries  and  observations 
to  writing.  They  opened  to  France  and  the  'vorld  a  knowledge 
of  the  great  Northwest,  of  the  mighty  lakes  and  noble  rivers,  of 
these  beautiful  prairies  and  extensive  fore-sta. 

They  were  not  only  discoverers,  but  they  were  pioneers,  in 
the  pathway  of  civilization. 

Following  in  their  footsteps  came  the  trader,  the  voyageur, 


ir 


m 


n 


:r"V 


p^^M-<M  ^^^^^^Mi^^MM^&f^'^^'WW^i^ 


# 


w 


.,:,.^yiP^^^>-r>ixsf?^mv^;mmism: 


EAllLY   HISTORY    OF  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


192 


th«  soldier,  and  ultimately  the  mechanic,  the  farmer,  the  mer- 
chant and  tho  gentleman. 

Delightful  French  hamlets  sprung  up  by  the  side  of  the 
mission  sUtion,  and  there  was  reproduced  in  the  forest  recesses 
of  the  new  world  a  new  and  delightful  edition  of  rural  life, 
amid  the  vales  and  vine-clad  hills  of  France. 

But  their  chiefest  claim  to  admiration  lies  in  their  personal 
character,  th.ir  apostolic  zeal,  and  their  sublime  and  heroic 
virtues.  Actuated  by  no  love  of  glory,  inspired  by  no  hope  of 
self-aggrandizement,  but  panting  with  an  earnest  desire  to  save 
souls  for  whom  Christ  had  died,  and  to  open  the  pathway  to 
heaven  to  benighted  heathrn,  they  faced  the  untold  horrors  of 
the  missionary  life,  among  wild,  wandering,  irreverent,  brutal 
savages;  and  here  developed  in  the  midst  ot  trials  the  most 
severe,  those  christian  graces  of  character  to  which  our  attention 
has  been  called,  and  which  entitle  them  to  a  high  rank  among 
the  christian  heroes  of  the  world. 

Success  could  have  added  nothing  to  the  rich  fragrance  of 

their  virtues. 

It  becomes  us,  who  now  occupy  the  soil,  enriched  and  made 
sacred  by  their  tears,  their  toil,  their  suffering  and  their  death, 
not  only  to  revere,  but  to  perpetuate  their  memories. 

FUR  TRADE. 

It  is  probable  that  the  French  fur  traders  had  penetrated  the 
region  of  Lake  Superior  in  advance  of  the  missionaries.  Buf 
of  this  we  have  no  authentic  record.  But  the  establishment  of 
the  missions  and  the  success  of  the  missionaries  very  largely 
promoted  the  fur  trade,  and  it  became  a  source  of  very  great 
profit  and  wealth.  The  settlement  of  Canada,  the  growth  of 
Montreal  and  Quebec,  and  the  prosperity  of  all  the  French 
aettlemeuts  therein  was  very  largely  owing  to  the  importance  of 
this  trade.  The  commerce  in  beaver  skins  alone  was  immense, 
and  the  profits  enormous. 

It  is  said  that  two-thirds  of  the  furs  that  entered  into  this 
trade  came  from  the  region  of  the  upper  lakes. 

At  first  this  trade  was  carried  on  without  restrictions,  and 
especially  by  a  class  of  persons  known  as  Coureurs  de  Bois,  or 


..Oifi»|.;;.|^|g»j,;.j^^:.ti^g'^;'a' 


'  S'P'f'S^'^tS^M^^S*?^^*.'''^^^  "  i"  1*^* 


fF" 


192 


EARLY   HI8T0RT   OF   LAKE   RUPERIOR. 


193 


sr,  the  mer- 

side  of  the 
rest  recesBes 
rural  life, 

eir  persoDBl 

and   heroic 

no  hope  of 

esire  to  aave 

pathway  to 

horrors  of 

sreut,  brutal 

Is   the  most 

)ur  attention 

rank  among 

fragrance  of 

id  and  made 
their  death, 


inetrated  the 
naries.  But' 
blishment  of 
very  largely 
t  very  great 
e  growth  of 
the  French 
iportance  of 
ras  immense, 

ed  into  this 

rictions,  and 
I  de  Bois,  or 


rangers  of  the  wood,  njany  of  whom  were  of  a  most  disorderly 
character. 

F'or  the  purpose  of  regulating  the  trade  the  Governor-Gen- 
eral of  Canada,  by  direction  of  the  King,  granted  to  some 
twenty-iive  gentlemen  each  }'ear,  a  license  to  engage  in  this 
trade,  and  all  others  were  strictly  prohibited  from  engaging  in  it 
upon  pain  of  death.  At  first  each  licensee  was  permitted  to  send 
out  two  canoes,  with  six  men  and  a  thousand  crowns  in  merchan- 
dise suitable  for  the  savage  trade.  Ic  was  expectiyl  that  this 
merchandise  would  purchase  one  hundred  and  sixty  packs  of 
beaver  skins,  worth  eight  thousand  crowns. 

The  profits  upon  the  trade  wore  divided  between  the  licensees, 
tiie  merchant  who  furnished  the  goods,  and  the  Coureurs  de 
Bois,  who  collected  and  bought  them  in.  In  addition  to  this, 
the  merchant  who  took  the  furs  usually  made  a  large  profit 
thereon. 

The  immense  profits  of  this  trade  aroused  the  cupidity  of  the 
English  traders  residing  in  New  York,  and  they  were  determined 
to  at  least  share  in  the  trade  of  the  upper  lakes,  and  if  possible, 
tc  control  it. 

For  nearly  a  century  the  English  spared  no  eflTorts  and  no 
expense  to  secure  this  result.  They  paid  higher  prices  for  beaver 
skins  than  was  paid  by  the  French  at  Montreal,  and  they  suc- 
ceeded in  corrupting  many  of  the  French  tradei's,  and  induced 
them  to  sell  their  furs  to  them.  Through  their  allies,  the  Iro- 
quois, they  endeavored  to  enlist  the  Ottawas  and  Chippewas  in 
their  interest,  sometimes  through  fear,  sometimes  through  hope 
of  gain. 

It  was  a  matter  of  vital  interest  to  the  French  of  Canada  to 
keep  the  control  of  this  trade,  anu  especially  to  retain  in  their 
intci'est  the  Ottawas  and  Chippewas,  who  were  among  the  most 
successful  hunters. 

To  this  end  they  employed  enterprising  and  active  agents  to 
go  among  the  Indians  and  obtain  an  influence  over  them. 

One  of  the  most  useful  and  successful  of  these  agents  was 
Duluth,  whos'^  name  has  been  perpetuated  by  naming  a  town 
for  him.     Duluth  was  a  Captain  of  these  Correur  de  Bois,  of 


n 


■''"■> 


i)illiiiHiiliBl(ililti|i.;iiii|ii  iirimll 


iiWiiJw  ?'»»)■ 


1>4 


KAULY    IIIHI'UUY   UK   LAKE   HUPKUIUK. 


\ 


fjieat  energy,  and  complete  knowledge  of  Indian  character,  and 
of  dauntlctM  courage.  Ab  early  as  1679  be  was  stationed  near 
the  rtault  St.  Marie  for  the  purpose  of  prevdnting  thr  English 
from  engaging  in  the  fur  trade  of  I^uke  Superior.  He  subse- 
quently erected  a  temporary  fort  near  La  Pointe.  For  many 
years  he  held  the  entire  confidence  of  Fronteuac,  Dc  La  Barre 
und  I)e  Nouville,  who  were  successively  in  command  iu  Can&da. 
Ami  ill  their  dispatches  to  France  they  recognize  his  great  iu- 
tiuetR'c  with  the  Indians  and  the  important  services  that  he  ren- 
dered in  delieating  ilie  Enulish  project  of  securing  this  trade. 
In  1682  he  was  present  at  a  conference  of  great  officers  at  Mon- 
treal for  the  purpose  of  concerting  measures  for  this  purpose. 
In  1685  he  led  a  force  of  Lake  Suj)erior  Indians  to  Niagara 
ugiiinst  tiie  Iroquis.  In  1686,  under  r.n  order  from  the  Governor 
(lenori'l,  he  establisiied  what  was  called  the  Fort  of  Detroit,  of 
Ijuke  Erie,  where  Fort  Gratiot  now  stands  at  the  foot  of  Lake 
Huron. 

The  object  of  this  fort  was  to  command  the  passage  to  Mack- 
inaw and  Lake  Superior,  and  thus  prevent  the  English  from  se- 
curing the  trade  of  those  regions.  In  this  he  was  so  far  success- 
ful that  in  1687  he  captured  an  exftedition  of  sixty  Englishmen 
with  an  Indian  escort  who  were  seeking  access  to  the  upper 
lakes.  But  the  English  were  not  discouraged.  Tliey  gave 
eight  pounds  of  powder  or  six  quarts  of  rum  for  one  Beaver 
skin  while  the  French  gave  but  two  pounds  of  powder,  and  not 
to  exceed  one  quart  of  brandy.  In  this  way  they  held  out 
great  inducements  to  the  Indians  and  to  the  regular  French 
traders  to  bring  their  beaver  to  New  York. 

The  establishment  of  a  permanent  fort  at  Detroit  iu  1701, 
aided  very  much  in  securing  this  trade  to  the  French,  but  it  did 
not  put  an  end  to  the  strujjgle. 

Tiius  iu  1747  one  Le  Due,  a  fur  trader,  was  robbed  by  the 
Lake  Superior  Indians  ot  his  furs  at  the  instigation  of  the  Eng- 
lish, and  it  is  reported  that  a  famous  chief  had  accepted  the 
hatchet  from  the  English  and  that  the  Indians  had  collected  to 
the  number  of  over  100  to  waylay  the  French, 

In  order  to  check  the  English,  the  Governor  General  in  1750 


I 


'^■■^f^^S^i  ■!^f?^^'J|*y^ 


^   » 


EARLY   RIBTORY  OF  LAKE   8CPERIOH. 


19: 


cter,  and 
jned  near 
P^nglUh 
le  Hubse- 
or  many 
iU  Barre 
Can&da. 
great  in- 
at  he  ren- 
lliia  trade. 
•8  at  Mon- 
pur[K>se. 

0  Niagara 
Governor 

Detroit,  of 
it  of  Lake 

B  to  Mack- 
sh  from  se- 
:ar  success- 
InglJHhmen 
the  upper 
L"hey  gave 
me  Beaver 
T,  and  not 
y  held  out 
ar  French 

it  in  1701, 

1  but  it  did 

bed  by  the 
f  tilt'  Eug- 
cepted  the 
sllected  to 

ral  in  1750 


granted  a  Urge  tract  of  land  at  the  Sault  for  a  siguiory  loSieurs 
de  Bonne  and  Repentigny,  the  object  of  which  Ih  set  forth  in  an 
exceedingly  interesting  letter  written  by  him  the  following  year 
to  the  French  Minister. 

"  Quebec,  Canada,  October  5th,  1751 . 

"  My  Lord :  By  my  letter  of  the  24th  of  Auguat  taut,  I  hail  the  honor 
to  let  you  know  that  in  order  to  thwart  the  movements  that  the  Kn^cliHli 
do  not  ceam  to  make  in  order  to  seduce  the  Indian  nationn  of  the  North,  I 
had  sent  the  8r.  Cheur.  d«  Repentigny  to  the  Sault  >Ste.  Marie,  in  order  to 
make  there  an  establixhinent  at  hin  own  exiienHeo,  to  build  there  a  |>aliHadi 
fort,  (forle  de piatx)  to  ntop  the  Indiana  of  the  Northern  |K>HtH  who  go  to 
and  from  the  Engliah  to  intercept  the  commerce  they  carry  on,  i)toi>  and 
present  the  continuation  of  the  talka  ("parolefl")  and  of  the  preaenta  which 
the  F^ngliah  send  to  thoac  nation?  to  corrupt  them,  to  put  them  entirely  in 
their  intereata,  and  inapire  titem  with  feelings  of  hate  and  aversion  for  the 
French.  • 

"Moreover,  I  had  in  view  in  I  hat  eatabliahnient,  to  aecure  a  retreat  to 
the  French  voyageura,  eapecially  to  thoae  who  trade  in  the  northern  part, 
and  for  that  purpose  to  clear  the  landa  which  are  proper  for  the  proouction 
of  Indian  corn  there  (bled'  Inde)  and  to  flubMrve  thereby  the  victualing 
necessary  to  the  people  of  said  post,  and  even  to  the  needa  of  the  voyagers. 

"  The  aaid  8r.  de  Repentigny  forbid  the  Indiana  of  hia  \x)Ht  to  go  and 
winter  at  Saginaw,  which  >m  not  little  to  aay,  for  these  nations  go  thence 
from  there  very  easily,  and  in  a  short  time  to  the  English,  who  load  them 
with  presents.  These  Indiana  kee^  the  promises  which  I  required  from 
them  ;  they  all  stayed  in  Lake  Superior,  whatever  were  the  inducements 
the  English  made  to  attract  them  to  themaclvea.  *  »  « 

"  He  arrived  too  late  laat  year  at  the  Sault  Sle.  Marie  to  fortify  him- 
self well ;  however,  he  secured  himself  against  insulta,  in  a  sort  of  fort  I  irge 
enough  to  receive  the  traders  of  Michilimackiniko. 

"  The  weather  was  dreadful  in  September,  Octoly^r  and  November. 
Snow  fell  one  foot  deep  on  the  10th  of  October,  whiuh  caused  him  a  great 
delay.  He  employed  hia  hired  men  during  the  whole  winter  in  cutting 
1,100  pickets,  of  15  feet,  for  his  fort,  with  doublings  {"reiuloublayes".')  and 
the  timber  necessary  for  the  construction  of  three  houses,  one  of  them  30 
feet  long  by  20  feet  wide,  and  the  two  others  25  feet  long,  at>d  the  .same 
width  of  the  first. 

"  Hia  fort  is  entirely  finished  with  the  exception  of  a  redoute  of  oak, 
which  he  is  to  have  made  12  feet  square,  and  which  shall  reach  the  same 
diatance  above  the  gate  of  the  fort,    As  soon   as  thia  work  shall  be  com- 


II 


^t-, 


gy^ifcwyja'.'- 


? 


ii'jiltiWriiiil'l>iiil«t>'if 


196 


KARLY   HIHTOBY   OF  LAKE  8UPERIUB. 


plet«d,  he  will  Mnd  me  the  plan  of  hU  esUbliahmvnt.     Uii  fort  !■  110  feet 
•quara.  •  »  » 

"K»  for  the  cultiTation  of  the  l»nd»— the  Sleur  de  Repentigny  had  a 
bull,  two  bullocks,  three  cowa,  two  heifeni,  one  horae,  and  a  mare,  from 
Michilimackinao. 

"  He  could  not,  on  hia  arrival,  make  oletring  of  lands,  for  the  works 
of  his  fort  had  occupied  entirely  his  hired  meu,  (engaye*.) 

"  Last  spring  he  cleared  cfl  all  the  smalt  trees  and  buahen  within  the 
range  of  the  fort. 

•'  He  engaged  a  Frenchman,  who  married  at  the  8aull  8le.  Marie,  an 
Indian  woman,  to  take  a  farm ;  they  have  cleared  it  up  and  sowed  it,  and 
without  a  froat  they  will  gather  30  to  35  sacks  of  porn.  {biedMe.) 

"  The  said  8i.  de  Kepentigny  so  much  feels  it  his  duly  to  devote  him- 
self I')  the  cultivation  of  the««  land*,  that  he  has  already  entered  into  a 
bargain  for  two  slave*,  whom  he  will  employ  to  take  care  of  the  corn  that 
he  will  gather  upon  these  landM. 

"  I  beg  of  you,  my  1^,  tu  be  well  persaaded  that   I  sltall   spare  no 
pains  to  render  this  establishment  equally  useful  to  the  sei  vice  of  the  King, 
and  to  the  recommendation  of  the  travelers  (vojfagetirii.) 
"  I  am,  with  very  profound  respect,  Ac., 

"La  JONQUIERE." 

In  1754,  a  succeeding  Governor  General  writes  : 
"  The  Sir  Chev'r  de  Ref>entigny  who  commands  at  the  Oault 
Ste  Marie  occupies  himself  much  with  the  establishment  of  his 
post,  which  is  essential  to  stop  the  Indians  who  come  down  from 
Lake  Superior  to  go  to  Cheneguen,  (Oswego)  but  I  don't  hear 
it  said  that  thij  peat  is  of  [yields  him]  a  great  revenue." 

This  establishment  was  erected  for  the  fur  trade  at  2,000 
francs  per  year  from  1755  until  it  was  accidently  burned  in 
1762.     At  this  time  Henry  gave  the  following  descriptiou  of  the 

Sault  ; 

"  Here  was  a  stockaded  fort,  in  which  under  the  French  Gov- 
ernment, there  was  kept  a  small  garrison,  commanded  by  an 
officer,  who  was  called  the  governor,  but  was  in  fact  a  clerk, 
who  managed  the  Indian  trade  here,  on  government  account 
The  houses  were  four  in  number,  of  which  the  first  was  the  gov- 
ernor's, the  second  the  interpreter's,  and  the  other  two  which 
Were  the  smallest,  had  been  used  for  barracks.  The  only  family 
was  that  of  M.  Cadotte,  the  interpreter,  whose  wife  was  a  Chip- 
pewa." 


I 


EARLY    HI8T0BY   OF   LAKE   BUPEBTOB 


197 


brt  ii  1 10  feet 

I  ft 

iniigny  had  • 
luare,   frum 

for  the  workH 

lex  within  the 

8t«.  Marie,  an 
Kowed  it,  and 

inde.) 

to  devote  liim- 

m'.ered  into  a 
the  corn  lliat 

glial  I  spare  do 
ceof  the  King, 

IQUIERE." 

I  at  the  Bault 
hment  of  his 
le  down  from 
I  don't  bear 
enue." 

rade  at  2,000 
y  burned  in 
riptiou  of  tbe 

French  Gov- 
inded  by  an 
fact  a  clerk, 
ent  account. 
.  was  the  gov- 
er  two  which 
J  only  family 
was  a  Chip- 


The  fire  compelled  the  garrisoa  to  remove  to  Michilimacinac 
and  tbe  Sault  was  not  again  [>ormanently  occupied  as  a  military 
fort  until  Fort  Brady  was  established  in  1822. 

Col.  and  afterwards  Qen.  Bradstrect  tu  December  1764,  after 
tb  )   conquest  of  Canada,  in  a  letter  to  Governor  Gage,  at  New 
York,  rp'M)ramends  that  th.^  vessels  be  sent  to  Lake  Superior  to 
engage  in  the  fur  trade,  and  the  establishment  of  two  tort.s  upon 
the  banks  in  addition  to  that  at  the  Sault,  and  this  recommend- 
ation is  repeated  by  Col.  Croghan  to  Sir  Wm.  Johnson  the  fol- 
lowing y>;ar.     The  fur  trade  continued  to  be  of  great  value  dur- 
ing the  entire  century  and  the  first  third  of  the  present  century. 
In  17S5  the  exclusive  right  to  trade  in  furs  on  Lake  Superior 
was  given  to  Alexander  Henry,  an  English  merchant.     He  left 
Michilimacinac  in  August  for  the  Sault,  where  he  entered  into 
partnership  with  Mr.  Cadotte,  a  Freucfanman  who  came  to  the 
Sault  undoi  Repentigny,  and  was  the  principal  man  of  the  fort, 
and  had  been  in  command  there  under  the  British. 

He  went  up  the  lake,  reaching  Ontonagon  August  19,  where 
he  found  an  Indian  village,  and  proceeded  to  Chagonemig,  or 
La  Pointe,  where  he  found  fifty  lodges  of  nearly  naked  Indians. 
Here  he  established  himself  for  the  winter.  For  a  ;vinter's  atock 
of  provision  he  caught  2,000  trout  and  whitefish,  tome  of  the 
former  .7eighing  fifty  pounds.  These  were  hung  up  by  the  tail 
in  the  open  air,  end  were  boiled  and  roasted  as  wanted,  and 
eaten  without  bread  or  salt.  As  the  result  of  his  winter's  enter- 
prise ho  embarked  in  the  spring  with  one  hundred  and  fifty 
packs  of  beavers,  weighing  fifteen  thousand  pounds,  and  the 
Indians  with  him  had  one  hundred  packs,  which  he  was  unable 
to  purchase.  In  the  following  winter,  he  with  his  men,  were 
driven  from  the  Sault  by  the  want  of  food  ;  the  fish,  usually  so 
abundant,  having  failed.  Two  succeeding  winters  he  spent  on 
the  nor  h  shore,  engaged  in  this  trade. 

At  this  time  specie  was  so  wholly  out  of  the  question  that  bea- 
ver skit  t  was  the  measure  of  values.  Other  skins  were  accepted 
as  payment,  being  first  reduced  to  their  value  in  beavers.  A  man 
in  going  into  a  drinking  saloon  would  take  a  marten's  skin  to 
pay  the  reckoning.    The  goods  Mr.  Henry  took  from  Michili- 


II 


■!&*■— ni  utifm'liffiimiiti'^ 


J 


Pi 


jii}ifiifciSsa,-s&a^s»i. 


iimf4i'-'%WVM0$ 


198 


EABLY  HISTORY  OF  JJlKE  8UPEW0R. 


■ 

I 


macinac  on  his  firet  oxpeditiou  fiUsd  four  canoea,  and  'vere  esti- 
mated to  be  of  the  'ralue  of  ten  thousand  pounds  of  beaver 

skins. 

The  magnitude  of  thw  fur  trade  can  perhaps  be  best  shown 
by  a  few  figures.  The  North  West  Company,  «ngaged  in  this 
trade,  according  to  Mackenzie  received  in  one  year,  1798  : 

1(J6,000  beaver  skins,  2,100  bear  skins,  1,500  fox  skins, 
4,000  kitt  fox  skins,  4,600  otter  skins,  17,000  musquash  skins, 
32,000  marten  skins,  1,800  mink  skins,  6,000  lynx  skins,  600 
wolverine  skins,  1,650  fis^  er  skins,  100  racoon  skins,  3,800 
wolf  skins,  700  elk  skin' ,  750  deer  skins,  1,200  dressed  deer 
skins,  500  Buffalo  robes. 

Of  these.  Lake  Superior  must  have  furnished  a  libe.al  pro- 
portion.  Its  furs  were  a  source  of  wealth  then,  as  its  mines  are 
now.  The  Americi*  Fur  Company,  organized  by  John  Jacob 
Afltor,  in  1816,  succeeded  to  the  business  of  the  Northwest  Com- 
pany. 

MINERALS. 
The  knowledge  that  the  region  of  Lake  Superior  was  rich  in 
minerals  waa  almost  cotemporaneous  with  its  discovery.  As 
early  as  1659-60  the  Jesuit  raisbionaries  report  "  that  its  borders 
are  enriched  with  lead  mines,  and  copper  of  such  excellent  qual- 
ity, that  it  is  already  reduced  in  pieces  as  large  as  the  fist,"  and 
ten  years  later  father  Dablon  gives  very  fall  account  of  the 
various  reports  of  the  wealth  of  copper  which  existed  'n  various 
places  about  the  lake. 

In  Septembar,  1670,  M.  Talen,  Intendant,  appointed  Sieur  de 
St.  Lusson  "  to  search  for  the  copper  mine  in  the  countries  of  the 
Ontarios',  &c.,  in  North  America,  near  Lake  Superior  or  the 
Fresh  Sea,"  and  also,  it  would  seem,  to  discover  the  South  Sea 
passage;  for  in  February  1671,  M.  Colbert,  the  French  Minister, 
writes :  "  The  r^olution  you  have  taken  to  send  Sieur  de  la  Salle 
toward  the  South,  and  Sieur  de  St.  Lussoa  to  the  North,  to  dis- 
cover the  South  Sea  passage,  is  very  good  ;  but  the  principal 
thing  to  which  you  ought  to  apply  yourself  in  di;'ooveries  of  this 
nature  is  tc  look  out  for  the  copper  mine." 

In  1687,  Denorvuli,  Governor  of  Canada,  writes  to  the  French 


-rm^ 


ma 


•■•wvf  »i  j|)iw^W>ng!fyw 


EABLY    HI8T0EY   OF  LAKK   8UPEBI0B. 


199 


rPERlOR. 


canoes,  and  'vere  esti- 
nd  pounds  of  beaver 

)erliap8  be  best  shown 
pany,  «ngaged  in  this 
one  year,  1798  : 
iu8,  1,500  fox  skins, 
7,000  musquash  skins, 
;,000  lynx  skins,  600 
racoon  skins,  3,800 
8,  1,200   dressed   deer 

urnished  a  libe.al  pro^ 
I  then,  as  its  mines  are 
mized  by  John  Jacob 
►f  the  Northwest  Com- 


Le  Superior  was  rich  in 
th  its  discovery.  As 
eport  "  that  its  borders 
of  such  excellent  qual- 
large  as  the  fist,"  and 
•y  fall  account  of  the 
dich  existed  'n  various 

mt,  appointed  Sieur  de 
in  the  countries  of  the 
Lake  Superior  or  the 
liscover  the  South  Sea 
■t,  the  French  Minister, 
o  send  Sieur  de  la  Salle 
a  to  the  North,  to  dis- 
od  ;  but   the   principal 

slf  in  dL'ooveries  of  this 

ft 

da,  writes  to  the  French 


Minister:  "  The  copper,  a  sample  of  which  I  sent  M.  Arnore,  i« 
tound  Rt  the  head  of  Lake  Superior.  The  body  (,f  th*)  mine  has 
liot  yet  been  discovered."  He  anticipates  great  results  from  its 
discovery,  but  adds,  "  This  knowledge  cannot  be  acquired  from 
the  Indians,  who  believe  they  would  all  die  did  they  show  it  to 

us." 

The  first  attempt  at  mining  was  made  after  the  conquest  of 

Canada  by  the  British. 

Mr.  Henry,  in  1765-6,  found  at  OntonagoD  an  abundance  of 
virgin  copper  "  in  masses  of  various  weights,"  and  among  them 
•'  a  mass  of  <;opper  of  the  weight,  according  to  my  estimate,  of  no 
less  than  four  tons." 

As  the  result  of  this  discovery,  in  1768,  an  application  was 
made  to  George  HI.  for  a  grant  of  all  the  copper  mines  in  the 
country  within  sixty  miles  of  Lake  Superipr.  A  copy  of  this 
application  was  transmitted  to  Sir  Wm.  Johuson  for  the  purpose 
of  ascertaining  his  opinion  upon  the  propriety  of  the  grant,  and 
especially  what  effect  It  would  have  upon  the  Indians. 

In  December  of  the  same  year  Sir.  Wm.  Johnson  reports  upon 
this  application  that  he  is  assured  there  is  a  large  quantity  of  cop- 
per in  the  environs  of  Lake  Superior,  and  that  "  it  has  been  found 
extraordinary  good  and  rich."  He  suggests  some  practical  dif- 
ficulties arising  from  t^e  scarcity  and  value  of  white  laborers, 
while  "  the  Indians  are  indolent  and  cannot  be  relied  upon." 
He  aays  some  Canadians  formerly  took  away  a  gooa  deal  of  ore 
and  lost  by  it.  He  says  there  is  no  serious  objection  to  the  grant 
80  far  as  the  Indianb  are  concerned,  if  groat  painn  are  taken  to 
protect  them. 

The  grant  was  irade,  but  never  issued  out  of  the  seal  office, 
and  a  company  was  formed,  consisting  of  the  Duke  of  Glouces- 
ter, Mr.  Secretary  Townsend,  Mr.  Baxter,  consul  of  the  impress 
of  Russia,  Sirs  Wm.  Johnson,  Alexander  Henry,  and  others. 
Mr.  Henry,  Mr.  Br-starch  and  Mr.  Baxter  had  charge  of  the 
mining  operations.  They  spent  the  winter  of  1770  at  the  Sault 
and  at  Point  Aux  Pins,  a  few  miles  above ;  they  built  a  barge 
and  a  sloop  of  fifty  tons.  Early  in  May  they  set  sail  and  first 
visited  the  Island  of  the  Yellow  Sands,  but  found  no  gold  as 


■:rr^ 


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at 


2()0 


EARLY   HISTORY   OF  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


they  had  hoi>ed.  At  a  point  on  the  North  Shore  they  found 
veins  of  copper  and  lead.  They  erected  an  air  furnace  »>/;  Point 
Aux  Pina,  and  the  assayer  found  silver  in  the  lead  org.  On  the 
South  shore  one  of  the  company  picked  up  a  stone  of  a  blue 
color,  weighing  eight  pounds,  which  contained  sixty  per  cent  of 
silver,  and  which  was  carried  to  England  and  deposited  in  the 
British  Musnum. 

They  ccasted  westward  to  Ontonagon,  built  a  house,  set  their 
miners  to  work,  and  left  them  for  the  winter.  Early  in  the 
Spring  of  1772  they  sent  up  a  boat  with  provisions,  but  it  soon 
came  back  with  all  the  miners,  who  had  found  that  mining  was 
impracticable  without  a  much  greater  force  and  greater  conven- 
iences. 

That  season  aijd  the  next  they  experimented  on  the  northern 
shore,  with  similar  results,  and  in  1774  they  disposed  of  their 
sloop  and  other  property,  and  sent  some  ore  to  England.  Thus 
ended  this  first  systematic  attempt  at  mining  on  Lake  Superior, 
nor  was  any  further  effort  ma<Je  in  that  direction  until  1843. 

When  Michigan  became  a  State,  in  1837,  the  only  settle- 
ment on  Lake  Superior  within  its  bounds,  was  at  the  Sault,  which 
contained  a  population  of  3t8.  The  population  must  have 
largely  increased  from  1820.  Schoolcraft  thus  describes  the 
place  as  consisting  of  fifteen  or  twenty  buildings,  occupied  by 
five  or  six  families,  French  and  American. 


Note. — I  have  drawn  the  '^jateriai  for  the  above  sketch  from  many 
Rourcett,  and  in  relation  to  that  portion  which  relates  to  the  Jesuit  mission- 
aries, I  desire  eiitiecially  to  exprecj  my  obli|;ations  to  Mr.  Shea'ti  admira- 
ble vTork,  "  The  Discoveries  and  Explorations  of  the  Mississippi,  and 
"  Cath'jlic  Missions  to  the  Indiuns." 


» 


-■^■1  i..i.npi»«1»i"'»'f'-W 


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m 


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the>  found 
ace  »A  Point 
yrs.  On  the 
6  of  a  blue 
per  cent  of 
ted  in  the 


1 


use,  set  their 
i^arly  in  the 
,  but  it  soon 
.  mining  was 
later  conven- 

the  northern 
)8ed  of  their 
land.  Thus 
ike  Superior, 
util  1843. 
J  only  settle- 
Sault,  whicli 
must  have 
Jescribes  the 
occupied   by 


itch  frotn  many 
Jesuit  mission- 
Shea'H  admira- 
[igsissippi,  and 


A   SKETCH 


OF  SOME  OF  THE 


MINES  AND  FURNACES 


OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


THE  MINES. 

It  is  nut  more  than  twenty-five  years  since  the  first  iron  ore 
vva*^  taken  from  what  is  now  known  as  the  Jackson  location,  and 
less  than  half  a  ton  of  :t  packed  upon  the  backs  of  half  breeds 
to  the  mouth  of  the  Carp,  and  from  thence  transported  in  canoes 
to  the  St.  Mary's  River,  only  lo  be  pronounced  worthless  upon 
its  arrival  at  Detroit.  Yet  in  'hat  short  interval  the  develop- 
ment of  t)ur  mines  has  been  so  rapid  that  they  now  contt;buf,f 
th?  ores  from  which  is  made  more  than  one-fifth  of  all  the  iron 
manufactured  in  the  United  States.  Less  than  a  cjuarter  of  a 
century  ago,  the  district  which  now  supplies  the  ore  for  a  hun- 
dred and  fifty  furnaces,  and  which  boasts  a  population  of  not 
less  than  fifteen  thousand  people,  was  an  unexplored  wilderness, 
never  penetrated  save  by  the  wild  Indian  anJ  t.he  devoted  mis- 
sionary. Little  did  our  venerable  citizen,  P.  M.  Everett,  Esq., 
imagine  when,  in  1845,  he  visited  this  place  and  carried  away  the 
first  specimens  from  what  is  now  the  Jackson  Mine  No.  1,  that  he 
would  live  to  read  the  report  of  shipments — over  a  Million  Tons 
in  1870.  Yet  such  is  the  grand  result,  long  since  announced, 
and  the  iron  hills  of  the  tipper  Peninsula  scarcely  afford  the 
evidence  of  a  commencement  having  been  made.  More  than 
this,  ihe  developments  of  the  year  1870  render  certain  a  largel) 
increased  product  for  1871,  an'  each  succeeding  year,  should 
the  demand  require  it ;  and  yet  the  Lake  Superior  Iron  District 
is  in  its  infancy,  and  only  neuds  to  be  fully  developed  to  become 
the  great  iron  center  of  the  West — if,  indeed^  it  has  not  already 
attained  that  distinction. 

It  is  our  purpose  to  present  in  this  little  book  an  elaborate 
history  of  our  iron  mines  and  furnaces,  embodying  such  facts 
and  figures  as  we  have  been  able  to  collect,  touching  their  early 
history  and  subsequent  development — first  indulging  in  a  few 
general  remarks  upon  the  geological  formation  and  classification 
of  the  ores. 


\^i 


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I 


202 


MINES   AND   FURNACKH   OF   LAKE   KUPEHIOH. 


CiKOLOGICAL  FORMATION. 

The  iron  ores  of  this  district  are  generally  found  ui  hills, 
vising  from  one  to  five  hundred  feet  above  the  level  of  the  sur- 
rounding country.  These  hills  (those  given  to  exaggeration  call 
them  mountains)  are  simply  immense  deposits  of  iron  ore,  though 
partially  or  wholly  covered  by  layers  of  earth  and  rock.  It  is 
true  they  are  also  found  in  the  valleys,  but  where  so  found  are 
usually  Covered  with  a  deep  drift,  and  consequently  cannot  be 
so  easily  mined. 

That  part  of  the  Lake  Superior  Iron  Region  in  which  the 
most  gratifying  results  have  been  obtained,  is  all  included  within 
the  limits  of  Marquette  county,  west  of  Negaunee,  within  a  range 
of  six  miles  wide,  running  in  a  nortliwesterly  course  from  Lake 
Fairbiink:*.  in  Town  47  N.  of  Range  26  V,'.,  to  Keweenaw  Bay, 
in  Town  49  N.  of  RanjiC  33  W. — a  disttnce  ol  nearly  one  hun- 
dred miles.  The  mines  now  opened  and  being  worked  are  all 
situated  on  the  east  end  o  '  the  raogo  above  mentioned,  the  most 
remote  being  the  Champion,  near  tlie  east  shore  of  I^ake  Michi- 
gammi. 

Anothe*"  extensive  district  or  range  is  that  known  as  the  Me- 
nominee, extending,  so  far  as  known,  from  the  south  part  of 
Town  40,  on  both  sides  of  that  river  up  to  its  headwaters  at 
Lake  Michigammi.  The  deposits  in  this  district  are  not  only 
numerous,  but  said  to  be  very  rich  and  valuable,  though,  as  yet, 
but  little  has  been  done  towards  their  development. 

The  iron  range  again  crops  out  some  thirty  miles  south  of 
Bayfield,  where  ore  of  a  tolerably  pure  quality  has  been  foucd. 
By  reference  to  a  geological  map,  it  will  be  seen  that  the 
Manjuette  and  Menominee  iron  ranges  cross  each  other  upon 
the  south  side  of  Lake  Michigammi,  the  one  continuing  to  the 
west  and  northwest,  and  the  otlier  soi  thward  into  Wisconsin. 
Verv  large  deposits  of  magnetic  ore  have  been  found  south  and 
west  of  the  lake  in  question,  some  of  which  are  known  to  be  as 
pure  as  the  ret!  oxydes  of  the  Jackson  and  Superior. 

CLASSIFICATION   OF  ORES. 

This  table  names  five  varieties  of  iron  ore.  The  most  valua- 
ble, so  far  as  developed,  is  the  specular  hematite,  which  is  a  very 
pure  anhydrous  sesqui-oxyde,  giving  a  red  powder,  and  yielding 
m  the  blast  furnace  from  60  to  70  per  cent,  of  metallic  iron, 
which  is  slightly  red  short.  The  ore  appears  both  slaty  and 
granular,  or  massive.  It  is  often  banded  or  inter  laminated  with 
a  bright  red  quartz  or  jasper,  and  is  then  called  "  mixed  ore." 

The  next  in  order  of  importance  is  probably  the  soft  hema- 
tite, which  much  resembles  the  brown  hematite  (Liraonite)  of 
Pennsylvania  and  Connecticut  This  ore  is  generally  found  as- 
sociated with  the  harder  ores,  from  which  many  suppose  it  is 
formed  by  partial  decomposition  or  disintegration,     it  contains 


•^■s^-' 


'^7-''*"!?1t^^"JV''''^-^*^'''*'^'^^^'''^^^'*'*"' 


■■■■■i 


^ 


]tfINEH   AND    FruNACES   OF   LAKE   SUrEUIOR. 


203 


nd  in  hills, 
)f  the  8ur- 
fj;oration  call 
ore,  though 
ock.  It  is 
80  found  are 
y  cannot  be 

II  which  the 
■luded  within 
ithin  a  range 
so  from  Lake 
iveenaw  Bay, 
ivrly  one  hun- 
•rktd  are  all 
ned,  the  most 
I^ake  Michi- 

vn  as  the  Me- 
son th  part  of 
headwaters  at 
are  not  only 
liough,  as  yet, 

niles  south  of 
lis  been  found, 
een  that  the 
;h  other  upon 
inuing  to  the 
to  Wisconsin, 
jud  south  and 
nowa  to  be  as 
or. 


le  most  valua- 
■hich  is  a  very 
,  and  yielding 

metallic  iron, 
>th  slaty  and 
aminated  with 
mixed  ore." 
he  soft  hema- 
(Limonite)  of 
•ally  found  as- 

suppose   it  is 
.     It  contains 


some  water,  chemically  combined — is  porous  in  structure — yields 
about  55  per  cent,  in  the  furnace,  and  is  more  easily  reduced 
than  any  other  ore  of  the  district.  It  forms  an  excellent  mixture 
with  the  speculars.  There  are,  probabiy,  several  varieties  of 
this  ore  which  have  not  been  well  made  out.  That  found  at  the 
Jackson,  Lake  Superior  and  New  England,  is  associated  with 
the  specular,  while  the  Foster  bed  is  several  miles  removed  from 
any  known  deposit  of  that  ore,  and  has  probably  e.  different  or- 
igin. 

The  magnetic  ore  of  the  district  has  thus  far  only  been  found 
to  the  west  of  the  other  ores — at  the  AYa^hington.  Edwards  and 
Champion  Mines — at  which  none  of  the  other  varieties  have 
been  found  except  the  specular,  into  which  the  magnetic  some- 
times j)aases,  the  powder  being  from  black  to  purple,  then  re<l. 
It  is  not  improbable  that  they  may  be  varieties  of  the  same  ore, 
«LS  they  are  much  alike  in  richness,  nature  of  iron,  and  geologi- 
cal structure.  This  view  is  much  stre'-igthened  by  the  fact  that 
the  specular  ore  is  often  found  in  octahedral  chrystals,  which 
form  is  well  known  to  belong  exclusively  to  the  magnetic  oxyde; 
hence  it  is  probable  that  our  specular  deposits  were  once  magnet- 
ic, which  by  some  metamorphic  action  have  been  robbed  of  one 
ninth  their  oxygen,  which  would  make  them,  chemically,  hem- 
atites. 

The  flag  ore  is  a  slaty  or  schistose  silicious  hematite,  contain- 
ing rather  less  metalic  iron,  and  of  more  difficult  reduction  than 
either  of  the  varieties  above  named.  It  is  often  magnetic,  and 
sometimes  banded  with  a  dull  red  or  white  quartz.  The  iron  is 
cold  short,  which  is  one  of  the  best  qualities  of  this  ore — the 
other  ores  of  the  district  being  red  short.  This  on  varies  much 
in  richness,  and  comparatively  little  has  been  sh  pped.  It  is, 
however,  probably,  the  most  abundant  ore  in  the  district. 

A  silicious  iron  ore,  containing  a  variable  amount  of  oxyde 
of  manganese,  is  found  at  several  points,  accompanying  the  flag 
ore.  This  ore  is  unquestionaoly  of  great  value  as  a  mixture, 
but  as  it  has  but  just  been  introduced,  its  importance  cannot  yet 
be  determined. 

The  generally  received  geological  theory  of  the  origin  of 
these  ores  is,  thai  they  were  aqueous  deposits,  which  have  been 
highly  metamorphosed.  Thfe  mas.ses  are  lens-shaped,  varying 
much  ii>  thickness,  on  which  the  value  of  the  mass  chiefly  de- 
pends. These  masses  are  interstratified  with  a  soft  green  slate, 
which  always  accompanies  the  specular  and  magnetic  ores. 
Overlying  these  beds  is  usually  found  a  quartz  rock,  which  is 
probably  one  of  the  most  recent  of  the  district.  Below  the  spec- 
ular is  a  green  stone,  often  slaty,  and  beneath  this  is  one  or  more 
horizons  of  the  flag  ore,  separated  by  chrystalline  schists.  Next 
older  than  the  flag  ores  is  another  quartzite,  which  stems  to  be 
sometimes  replaced  by  a  silicious  marble.  Yet  older  are  the 
gianite  rocks,  which  are  supposed  to  belong   to  the  Laurentian 


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204 


MINES   AND   FURNACES   OF   LAKE   8UPEBI0B. 


system  of  Canada — the  schists  above  named  including  the  ore» 
belonging  to  the  Huronide  system.  These  roclcB  :;re  mu  h  bent 
and  folded,  several  axes,  running  nearly  east  and  ivest,  being 
plainly  discernible. 

FIRST  DISCOVERY. 

Prof.  Chas.  T.  Jackson,  United  States  Geologist,  in  his  Re- 
port to  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior,  made  in  1849,  says  that 
during  his  first  visit  to  Lake  Superior,  in  the  summer  of  1844, 
he  obtained  from  Mr.  P.  B.  Barbeau,  then  a  trader  at  Sault  Ste. 
Marie,  a  tine  specimen  of  specular  iron  ore,  which  he  (Mr.  B.)  had 
received  from  an  Indian  chief  He  also  learned  at  the  same 
time  that  this  chief  knew  of  a  mountain  mass  of  ore,  somewhere 
between  the  head  of  Keweenaw  bay  and  the  head  waters  of  the 
Menominee  river.  The  next  summer  he  informed  Mr.  Lyman 
Pray,  of  Charlestown,  Mass.,  what  he  had  heard,  and  suggested 
to  him  the  propriety  of  looking  up  the  mountain  in  question. 
Mr.  Pray  immediately  proceeded  to  the  Sault,  where  he  employed 
the  son  of  the  Ojibway  chief  as  a  guide,  and  "went  with  him  to 
L'Anse;  from  thence,  guided  by  the  Indian,  he  traversed  the 
then  unbroken  forest,  and  found  the  mountain.  On  his  return 
he  informed  Prof  Jackson  that  he  had  traveled  four  miles 
.around  the  mountain,  and  found  only  the  same  kind  of  ore,  and 
no  rocks.  To  Mr.  Pray  Prof.  Jackson  ascribes  credit  of  the  first 
practical  discovery  of  iron  ore  on  the  Upper  Peninsula,  deeming 
it  probable  that  no  white  man  had  ever  before  explored  this 
locality.  If  such  were  really  the  case,  it  would  appear  a  little 
singular  that  Mr.  Pray  did  not  take  measures  to  secure  the  re- 
ward due  to  such  a  discovery,  and  that  his  name  has  never  since 
been  heard  of  in  connection  with  the  development  of  our  mineral 
resources.  It  is  more  than  probable,  however,  that  Mr.  Pray's 
discovery  was  not  within  the  limits  of  the  iron  district  to  which 
developments  have  thus  far  been  confined,  since  we  find  that  in 
the  same  year  Mr.  Joseph  Stacy,  of  Maine,' explored  that  portion 
of  the  iron  range  between  the  mouth  of  Dead  river  and  Lake 
Michigan,  and  found,  ua  he  says,  an  inexhaustible  amount  uf 
compact  and  specular  iron  ore.  The  exact  localities  which  he 
visited  are  not  definitely  known,  but  it  is  more  than  probable 
that  the  Jackson  location  was  ofte  of  them,  since  Prof.  Jack- 
son, in  the  same  connection,  speaks  of  having  afterwards  ob- 
tained specimens  of  ore  "  from  near  the  forge  called  the  Jackson 
furnace. 

ANOTHER  AND  MORE  RELIABLE  STATLMENT. 

On  the  other  hand,  Mr.  Barbeau,  who  is  the  father-in-law  of 
J.  P.  Pendill,  Esq.,  of  Negauuee,  informs  us  that  the  existence 
of  iron  ore  all  over  the  Upper  Peninsula — not  only  in  that  por- 
tion of  the  district  since  developed,  but  in  the  Huron  Mountains 
— was  known  to  the  white  traders  as  early  as  1830.    Mr.  Barbeau 


I 


'■Ik 


■I 


^ 


R. 


ing  the  oreo 
inu  h  bent 
v.est,  being 


if! 


in  his  Re- 
says  that 
r  of  1844, 
lit  Sault  Hte. 
Mr.  B.)  had 
at  the  same 
,  somewhere 
waters  of  the 
Mr.  Lyman 
id  suggested 
in  question, 
heemphtycd 
with  him  to 
raversed  the 
In  his  return 
i    four  miles 
i  of  ore,  and 
it  of  the  first 
ula,  deeming 
xplored   this 
ppear  a  little 
eoure  the  rc- 
s  never  since 
four  mineral 
t  Mr.  Pray's 
rict  to  which 
)  find  that  in 
!  that  portion 
er  and  Lake 
e   amount  of 
ies  which  he 
lan  probable 
Prof.  Jack- 
terwards  ob- 
the  Jackson 


lENT. 

fier-in-law  of 
he  existence 
in  that  por- 
a  Mountains 
Mr.  Barbeau 


MINES  AND  FURNACES  OF  LAKE  8UPEM0B. 


205 


is  an  old  Indian  trader — being  at  an  early  day  in  the  employ  of 
the  American  Fur  Company — and  perhaps  no  man  on  the  Upper 
Peninsula  is  more  familiar  with  its  early  history.  He  knows 
every  acre  of  it,  having  traversed  iu  foresU,  and  ciossed  its  hills 
and  mountains  long  years  before  its  immense  mineral  wealth 
was  known,  or  even  dreamed  of,  except  by  hardy  adventurers 
like  him.self.  He  informs  us  that  he  himself  knew  ot  the  exist- 
ence of  iron  ore  at  Negaunee  in  1830,  in  which  same  year  was 
discovered  the  great  mass  of  native  copper  in  the  Ontonagon 
Rapids,  which  was  afterwards  removed  to  Detroit  by  a  gentle- 
man named  Eldred.  This  mass  of  copper  weighed  ove»"  3,000 
pounds,  and  after  reaching  Detroit  was  seized  by  the  United 
States  government,  and  vemoved  to  Washington,  where  it  still 
remains. 

The  Indians  knew  of  the  existence  of  iron  in  this  district  for 
many  years  previous  to  its  discovery  by  the  whites,  but  were,  of 
course,  ignorant,  of  its  uses,  or,  at  least  of  th*^  means  by  which  it 
could  be  mnde  available.  They  knew  also  of  the  existence  of 
lead,  in  large  quantities,  and  Mr.  Barbea  informs  us  that  in 
1830  he  met  Indians  who  had  collected  lead  sufficiently  pure  to 
be  used  for  rifie  balls,  und  that  they  did  so  use  it.  Lut  they 
could  never  be  persuaded  to  tell  were  they  found  it,  and  to  this 
day  refuse  to  give  any  information  whatever  concerning  it.  They, 
api>ear  to  entertain  a  superstitious  fear  that  some  dreadful  ca- 
lamity will  befall  them  should  they  discover  their  secret  to  the 
white  man. 

But  to  retnrn  to  the  discovery  of  iron.  Mr.  Barbeau  says 
that  in  1845,  Achille  Cadotte,  a  French  and  Indian  half  breed, 
wa"  informed  bv  an  old  Indian  chief,  then  living  at  the  mouth 
of  the  Carp  river,  near  the  site  of  the  present  village  of  Mar- 
quette, that  he  knew  where  there  was  a  mountain  of  iron,  and 
went  with  the  chief  to  see  it.  The  name  of  the  chief  v.as  "3/an- 
je-ki-jik"  (Moving  Day),  and  his  brother,  "  Man-gon-see"  (Small 
Lmm),  is  still  living.  Cadotte  then  communicated  his  discovery 
to  Mr.  John  Western,  who  went  with  him  to  the  piountain,  and 
under  his  direction  nearly  a  ton  of  ore  was  packed  from  what 
is  now  known  as  the  Jackson  location,  to  the  mouth  of  the  Carp, 
thence  iu  canoes  to  Sault  Ste  Marie,  and  thence  to  Detroit.  It 
is  more  than  piobable,  however,  that  it  was  P.  M.  Everett,  Esq., 
of  this  place,  to  whom  Mr.  Barbeau  refers,  since  it  appears  that 
John  Western  did  not  visit  this  region  in  1845,  and  Mr  Everett 
did. 

In  June,  1845,  the  Jackson  Company  was  organized  with  a 
view  to  operations  in  the  copper  district,  and  Mr.  P.  M.  Everett, 
one  of  the  original  incorporators,  came  to  Lake  Superior  the 
same  si'mmer,  and  located  what  is  now  the  Jackson  Mine,  under 
a  permit  from  the  Secretary  of  War.  While  at  Sault  Ste.  Marie, 
Louis  Nolan,  a  half-breed,  told  Everett  of  the  existence  of  iron 
on  Lake  Superior,  and  voluuteered  to  show  him   where  it  was. 


iii^^S; 


i»iH!j^^fawj;!v^fci^ 


n',f-i,tf.v^>»;.r'; 


206 


MINE4   AND  FURNA058  OF  LAKE   SUPKBIOR. 


Nolan  came  to  the  mouth  of  the  Carp  with  Mr.  Everett  and  hit 
partv,  and  they  all   went  as  tar  as  Teal  Lake  in  aearc'i  of  the 
iron,  but  faile(r  to  find  it ;  they  then  returue<l  and  proceeded  on 
their  way  to  Copper  Harbor.     Afterwards  Mr.  Everett  fell  in 
with  the  Indian  chief  Manje-kiiik,  who  returned  with  them  to 
the   mouth  of  the  Carp,  and   piloted  the  party  to  the   Jackson 
mountain,  and  also  to  what  is  now  the   Cleveland   Mine.     Mr. 
ICverett,  as  agent  for  the  Jackson  Company,  was  provided  with 
a  number  of  permits  from  the  Secretary  of  War  for  the  location 
of  such  lands  as  he  might  selt.<t  for  the  company.     These  per- 
mits were  intended  to  cowr  one  square  mile  each,  to  be  described 
by  such  permanent  boundaries  as  would  admit  of  their  being 
entered  upon  a  map,  kept  for  that  purpose  in  the  land   office  at 
Copper   Harbor.     At  the  time  of  Mr.   Everett's   first  visit  the 
whole   country  for  twenty-five  miles  west  of  Presque   Isle,  had 
been  coverea  with  these  permits.     The  first  one  located  was  sur- 
veyed   from  a  designated    |k  int   near   Preeque  Isle,  and    being 
entered  upon  the  map,  formed  the  eastern  boundary  for  the  next 
permit,  which  in  its  turn  served  a  similar  purpose  for  another,  and 
80  on  for  a  distance  of  twenty-five  miles.     The  "square  mile''  on 
which  the  Jackson  is  situated    had  been  located  under  one  of 
these    I    I  niits  by  a  man    named   Hamilton,  who  was  entirely 
ignorant  of  the  immense  wealth  it  contained.     Everett  and  h's 
party,  in  locating  upon  the  same  section,  were  unable  U*  desuribt. 
the  land  accurately,  and  made  Teal  Lake  (not  then  laid  dt)wn 
on  the  map)  its  northern   boundary.     The  mineral   land  agent, 
not  knowing  the  exact  locality  of  Teal  Lake,  entered  the  permit 
so  that  it  appeared  on  the  map  about  twelve  miles  southeast  of 
its   actual   location.     At   this  time  the  copper  fever  was  at  its 
height,  and  Dr.  Houghton  having  reported  strong  indications  of 
gold  on  what  is  now  known  as  the  Silver  Lead  Range,  many  of  the 
permits  issued  by  the  Secretary  of  War  were  located  as  stated 
above.     These  permits  were  entered  in  pencil  marks  upon  the 
map  at  the  Mineral  Office,  so  that  they  could  be  lifted  and  trans- 
ferred at  the  option  of  the  owner.     When  Mr.  Everett  announced 
his  discovery,  and  exhibited  specimens  of  the  iron  ore  found  at 
the  Jackson  Mountain,  the  owners  of  these  locations  began  to 
examine  their  lands,  and  failing  to  find  ore  lifted  their  permits 
and  located  them  elsewhere.     The  lifting  of  one  permit  destroyed 
the  boundaries  of  all  the  others,  and  they  were  abandoned  one 
after  another,  necessarily.     As  soon  as  Hamilton  abandoned   his 
(in  fact  it  is  doubtful  if  he  was  able  to  find  it  a  second  time,) 
the  Jackson  Company  managed  to  find  the  township  lines,  and 
entered  the   land  from    which   they  have  since   realized   such 
immense  products  of  iron  ore. 

On  his  first  visit  Mr.  Everett  packed  some  of  the  ore  down  to 
the  mouth  of  the  Carp,  and  carried  it  with  him  to  Detroit  and 
Jackson,  as  specimens.  Some  of  this  ore  was  sent  to  Pittsburg 
to  be  tested,  but  the  Pittsburg  iron  masters  pronounced  it  worth- 


I 


1 


5R. 


erott  and  his 

learc'i  of  the 

pr'joeeded  on 

trerett  fell  in 

with  them  to 

the   Jackson 

Mine.     Mi-. 

rovided  with 

the  location 

These  per- 

bc  dt'scrihed 

their  being 

uiid   office  at 

lirat  visit  the 

{\ie   Isle,  had 

ated  was  sur- 

e,  and    being 

y  for  the  next 

r  another,  and 

uare  mile"  on 

under  one  of 

was  entirely 

verett  and  h's 

ble  to  desuribt. 

hen  laid  down 

il   land  agent, 

•ed  the  permit 

es  southeast  of 

)ver  was  at  its 

;  indications  of 

je,  many  of  the 

:;ated  as  stated 

arks  upon  the 

fted  and  traus- 

rett  announced 

>n  ore  found  ai 

lions  began  to 

1  their  permits 

irm it  destroyed 

ibandoned  one 

ibandoned    his 

,  second  time,) 

ship  lines,  and 

realized    such 


be  ore  down  to 
to  Detroit  and 
at  to  Pittsburg 
iinced  itworth- 


gy^'-'4-'*'r''1).  1 


MINER   AND   FURNACES   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


207 


lesB.  Another  small  quantity  was  sent  to  rn  old  forge  at  Cold- 
water,  where  was  made  the  first  iron  from  Lake  Svperior  ore. 
This  was  only  a  small  bar,  one  end  of  which  Mr.  Everett  had 
made  into  a  knife-blade,  the  better  to  exhibit  the  sterling  quali- 
ties of  the  metal. 

That  Mr.  Everett  was  really  thi  pioneer  in  the  discovery  and 
development  of  the  Lake  Bu|)erior  Iron  Mines,  can  not  be  suc- 
cessfully disputed  It  is  true  others  may  have  visited  the  Jack- 
son mountain  about  the  aume  time,  but  we  have  no  evidence  that 
any  of  them  discovered  or  knew  of  the  existence  of  its  hidden 
treasures.  Certain  it  is,  that  if  Mr.  Pray  visited  the  Jackson 
mountain  at  the  time  referred  to  by  Prof  Jackson,  he  could  not 
have  been  in  advance  of  Mr.  Everett,  otherwise  he  would  have 
taken  some  measures  to  secure  the  reward  due  to  such  a  discov- 
ery. 

In  this  connection  we  are  permitted  to  copy  the  following 
extract  from  a  letter  written  by  Mr.  Everett  to  Capt.  G.  D. 
Johnson,  of  the  Superior  mine,  soon  after  his  first  visit  to  Lake 
Superior : 

Jackson, yich.,  Nov.  10,  1845. 
Dear  Sib  :^8ince  I  have  returned  from  Lake  Superior,  CharleH  tellg 
me  that  he  prumi  e<I  lo  let  you  know  all  al>oiit  ray  axcuntiun,  and  wiHheH 
me  to  perform  the  tank  for  him.  In  compliance  with  hin  rtqucMt,  1  will 
therefore  try  and  give  you  a  brief  description  of  uiy  trip.  I  left  here  on 
the  23d  of  July  lat>t,  and  wax  gone  till  the  24tli  of  October.  I  bad  Home 
idea  of  Koing  to  Lake  Superior  \»%t  winter,  but  did  not  think  Heriouxly  of 
going  until  a  short  time  before  I  left.  I  had  considerable  difficulty  in  get- 
ting any  one  to  join  me  in  the  enterpritte;  I  at  la«t  Hucceeded  in  forming  a 
company  of  thirteen.  I  whu  appointed  treaHiirer  and  agent,  to  explore  and 
make  locations,  for  which  last  purpose  we  bad  secured  seven  permits  from 
the  Secretary  of  War.  I  took  four  men  with  me  from  Jackson,  and  hired 
a  guide  at  the  Sault,  where  I  bought  a  boat,  and  coasted  up  the  lake  to 
Cop|)er  Harbor,  which  is  over  300  miles  from  the  Sault  Sle  \iarie.  There 
are  no  white  men  on  I^ke  Superior  except  those  who  go  there  for  mining 
purpo.se.^.     We  incurred  many  dangers  and  hardships,  ♦  »  ♦ 

We  made  several  locations— one  of  which  we  called  Iron  at  th«;  lime.  It 
is  a  mountain  of  solid  iron  ore,  150  feet  high.  The  ore  looks  as  bright  as 
a  b  ir  of  iron  just  broken.  Since  coming  home  we  have  had  some  of  it 
smelted,  and  nnd  that  it  produces  iron  and  something  resembling  gold — 
some  say  it  is  gold  and  copper.  Uur  location  is  one  mile  square,  and  we 
shall  send  a  company  of  men  up  in  the  spring  to  begin  operations.  Our 
company  is  c*lled  the  Jackson  Mining  Company.  »  «  ♦ 

*****  Yours,  etc, 

P.  M.  EVERETT. 

We  copy  the  above  extract  from  the  original  letter,  which 
also  contains  a  copy  of  one  of  the  original  shares  of  the  Com- 
pany. 

EXTEx,i'  OF  THE  IRON  REGION. 

It  must  not  be  inferred  from  the  statement  of  the  number  of 
mines  actually  opened  and  now  being  worked,  that  they  consti- 
ttxte  the  extent  of  our  iron  deposite.     The  mountain  to  which 


II 


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II 
It 


A 

1 


y^m^- 


mtmt$im0*ii'tm 


J 


J££. 


208 


MINES   AND    FURNACES   OF   LVKE   HUPEBIOB. 


"  Manjekijik"  conducted  Mr.  Everett,  and  from  which  all  the 
JackHon  nhipinenta  have  l)een  taken,  i»  within  the  corpor»-.te  lira- 
itM  of  the  village  of  Negaunee,  only  a  dozen  milea  from  the  lake 
shore.  Since  Everett  firet  brought  it  to  the  notice  of  the  orig- 
inal incorporatorH  of  the  Jackson  Company,  by  whom  it  is  tiiill 
owned,  developments  have  gradually  extended  westward,  until 
we  have  had  to  record  the  newest  and  most  promising  0|)ening8 
at  and  around  Lake  Michigammi,  about  twenty  miles  west  of 
Negaunee.  And  still  the  iron  interest  of  the  Upper  Peninsula 
is  in  its  infancy— for  though  the  shipmeute  embrace  in  the  ag- 
gregate several  million  tons,  scarcely  a  perceptible  mark  has 
been  made  on  the  va^t  and  inexhaustible  deposits  which  are 
known  to  exist,  many  of  them  still  untouched,  and  far  removed 
from  the  scene  of  active  mining  operations.  On  all  sides  of 
Lake  Michigammi— north,  south  and  west— and  on  the  Menom- 
inee, southward,  immense  deposits  have  been  discovered,  com- 
pared to  which  the  famous  "  Iron  Mountain  "  of  Missouri  sinks 
into  insignificance. 

Nor  is  iron  the  only  mineral  which  is  known  to  exist  in  that 
portion  of  the  Upper  Peninsula  known  as  the  Iron  Region. 
Copper,  silver  and  lead  have  been  discovered,  and  we  believe 
that  developments  yet  to  be  made  will  shortly  prove  that  they 
exist  in  paving  quantities.  On  the  Menominee  has  been  discov- 
ered an  immense  marble  quarry,  and  in  other  localities  slate 
suitable  for  roofing  purposes.  In  many  portions  the  soil  is  well 
adapted  to  agriculture,  and  experiment  has  demonstrated  the  fact 
that  wheat,  oats,  barley,  and  even  fruits,  can  be  grown  to  pj  r- 
fection.  With  its  immense  mineral  resources,  its  boundless  for- 
ests of  pine  and  hard  wood,  a  fertile  soil  and  healthful  climate, 
it  certainly  possesses  all  the  natural  advantages  requisite  to  the 
growth  of  a  great  and  powerful  State.  But  our  limits  will  not 
permit  us  to  take  anything  more  than  a  superficial  view  of  its 
resources,  outride  the  iron  interest. 

THE  FIRST  OPENING 
In  the  Iron  District  was  made  by  the  Jackson  Company  in  the 
fall  of  1846,  in  the  summer  of  which  year  they  commenced  the 
erection  of  a  forge  on  the  Carp,  about  three  miles  east  of  Ne- 
gaunee. The  forge  was  put  in  operation  in  the  spring  of  1847, 
and  the  first  ore  mined  at  the  Jackson  was  there  manufactured 
into  blooms.  The  forge,  however,  only  ran  a  day  or  two  after 
being  started,  the  dam  being  taken  out  by  a  freshet.  It  was  not 
started  again  until  fall,  when  it  was  worked  quite  successfully. 
It  had  two  fires,  and  made  four  blooms,  each  about  four  feet 
long  and  eight  inches  thick,  per  day.  Here  was  made  the  first 
iron  of  any  importance  from  Lake  Superior  ore.  The  first 
blooms  were  sold  to  E.  B.  Ward,  and  from  them  was  made  the 
walking  beam  of  the  steamboat  "  Ocean."  This  forge  was  kept 
in  operation  till  1854,  when  it  was  entirely  abandoned.    Auoth- 


"T-^ '"•'  S. '■^'i'.-'f-} : r.*'^'^ !-,?'.■  r  If .'^^y*"?! I"!* 


MINEH   AND    KHUNACKH   OK    LAKE   Hl'PRlUOH. 


200 


hich  all  the 

Irpof.te  Jiin- 

^om  the  lake 

of  the  orig- 

|)m  it  is  b'till 

tward,  until 

jug  0{>eningg 

I  ilea  west  of 

ir  PeniiiHuia 

e  in  the  ag- 

e  mark  has 

which  are 

far  removed 

all  sidea  of 

the  Menom- 

)vered,  com- 

isHouri  Hiuks 

exist  in  that 
ron  Region. 
I  we  believe 
Ve  that  they 
been  discov- 
L-alities  slate 
e  soil  is  well 
a  ted  the  fact 
■own  to  prr- 
jundless  for- 
iful  climate, 
uisite  to  the 
nits  will  not 
1  view  of  its 


pauy  in  the 
menoed  the 
east  of  Ne- 
ng  of  1847, 
■inufactured 
r  two  after 
It  was  not 
uccessfully. 
ut  four  feet 
de  the  first 
The  first 
s  made  the 
;e  was  kept 
d.     Auoth- 


er  forge  was  built  at  Marquette,  just  south  of  the  shore  enil  of 
the  Cleveland  dock,  by  a  Worct'st»'r  (Mans.)  company,  in  1849, 
under  the  direction  and  supcr'-Ucndonct-  of  A.  U.  Harlow,  Kk(|. 
It  was  di'Htroyed  by  fiie  tho  following?  winter,  and  never  relxiilt. 
Two  other  forges  were  subsequently  built  at  Forestville  and  Col- 
linsville. 

Thou};b  all  these  forges,  while  in  operation,  were  supplied 
with  ore  from  the  Jackson  Mine,  not  much  |)rogress  was  made 
in  mining  until  after  the  cotn|)letion  of  the  company's  docks  at 
Marquette,  which  were  begun  in  18.'74,  and  finished  the  next 
year  In  1853,  three  or  four  tons  were  Hhij)ped  to  the  World's 
Fair,  at  New  York,  but  regular  shipruents  did  not  commence 
till  the  spring  of  1856. 

When  the  first  opening  was  nmdc  in  the  iron  deposit  on  the 
Jackson  loc^ation,  there  were,  perhaps,  not  to  exceed  50  white 
inhabitants  within  the  present  limit'<  of  Manjuette  county 
There  was  then  nothing  but  an  Indian  trail  from  the  "  Mouth 
of  the  Carp"  to  the  "Iron  mountain."  IJjioit  the  erection  of 
the  Jackson  forge  a  wagon  road  was  constructed  from  thence  to 
the  mine,  and  when,  a  few  years  afterward,  it  was  concluded 
that  our  iron  deposits  would  pay  for  working,  the  road  was  com- 
pleted from  the  lake  to  the  mountain.  Then  a  plank  road  was 
projected,  commenced  in  1853  or  1854,  and  completed  in  1856. 
It  was  subsequently  converted  into  a  tram  railway,  on  which 
mules  wsre  used  as  locomotive*,  and  answered  the  purpose  for 
which  it  was  designed  until,  in  1857,  what  is  now  the 

MARliUKHK  &  ONiOKAOON  KAILKOAD 

Waa  foinpletcd  «!!d  put  into  operation  between  Marquette  and 
the  Lake  Superior  Mine.  This  cntc;pii-c  was  originally  com- 
menced in  18.'>3,  by  the  late  Heman  B.  Ely  and  his  a-ssociates, 
who,  in  1855,  became  the  incorporators  of  the  Iron  Mountain 
Railroad  of  Michigan,  which  name  it  retained  until  o|)ened  to 
the  Lake  Superior  Mine,  1856,  when  it  was  consolidateil  with 
the  Bay  de  J*ioquel  <t  Marquette  Railroad  Company.  This  con- 
solidation was  perfected  in  1858. 

While  upon  this  subject  we  may  as  well  give  a  brief  sketch  of 
our  Lake  Superior 

RAILROADS, 

Since  they  are  so  intimately  connected  with,  and  inseparable 
fror.i  the  successful  working  of  the  mines. 

In  the  year  1857  a  negotiation  was  completed  between  the 
Chicayo,  St.  Paul  &  Fond  du  Lac  Railroa.i  Company,  through 
the  Hon.  Wm.  B.  Ogdeu,  its  President,  and  the  railroad  and 
plank  road  proprietors,  by  which  that  company  became  the  own- 
ers of  both  roads  (the  Iron  Mountain  Railroad  and  the  plank 
road),  and  of  the  charter  of  the  Marquette  &  Wisconsin  State 
Line   Railroad,  to    which    the  grant  of  public  lauds  had  been 


II 


*l 


:'J1/Jg.t*   ?*;    »'.' 


'-.■  'J/*!'-' 


W^""!"*"* 


jMiii)jii[.r>;jijiijpl^l^ir!i'''i:^ 


j^i^Pfi-y^-^lii^'ffiWMtiVtTriii  iilTiii 


-t-v 


210 


MINKH    ANU    KURNAOEH   OK   I.AKK   rtUI'KKIOB. 


made  by  CoiiKrcKH.     In  virtue  of  tlicso  trannferH  it  wa^  exiwcted 
llmt  a  railroad  hue.  would  be  immeiJiately  built  from  P'onddu  Lac 
to  a  \ni\nl  on  tho  Mrnominoe  Uivcr,  in  townsliin  H  north,  range 
;{(»  .v«*t,  from  whence  it  wbh  to  diverj^c  in  two  bruncheH— one  to 
Marquette,  and   the  other  to  OntoiuiKon.     But   the  panic  and 
Knaneial   eri«is  of  that  year   prevented   the  jieKotiationn  of  the 
pni|)oned  loans  in  Europe  upon  the  l)aniM  of  the  land  grants;  the 
Chicago,  Ht.  Paul  tlf  P'ond  du  Lac  Company  retained,  however,  the 
the  Manpiette  <fe  State  Line  H.  H.  charter.     In  the  course  of  time 
Chicago  &  NorthweHt«"rn  Uailway    Company  xucceeded   to  the 
property  and  etlect«  of  its  predece)*i<ur,  including  the  Manpiette 
(fcStatoLine  land  ;<rant.     It  seemed  im|)ractieable  theri  to  build  a 
line  of  railroad  on  the  route  tin't  nurveyed  in  IHf)?,  auvl  accord- 
ingly the  Chicago  it  Nortliwestern  Con»pany  obtained  from  Cou- 
grcHH  the  privilege  of  a  change  in  the  line  of  the  Marquette  & 
State  Line  road  to  the  Green   May  shore  and  the  present  line  of 
the  Peninsula  division.     This  line  whs  ho  nearly  identical   witn 
that  of  the  Bay  de  Noquet  and  Mar(|uette  grant,  that  the  latter 
company  determined  not  to  continue  tho  line  to  Bay  de  N.Hpiet. 
The  land  grants,  as  to  their  intertering  provi^'ions,  were  adjusted 
l)y  mutual  consent  between  the  Chicago  &  Northwestern  and  the 
Bay   de   t^oquet   Companies,  and    the    latter   company    became 
merged  in  interest  with  tiie  Marquette  <fe  Ontonagon  Railroad. 
It  will  thus  be  seen  that  Mr.  Ogden,  at  a  very  early  day,  ap- 
preciuled   the   im|)ortauce  of  extending  a  line  of  railway  from 
Chicago  to  the  iron  and  copper  regions  of  Lake  Superior,  nii't  it 
is  piincipallv  to  his  inHuence  and  exertions  that  we  are  indebted 
for  the  building  of  the 

PF.NIN.SULA  RAILROAD, 
From  Escanaba  to  the  iron  mines.  Prof.  Jackson,  in  the  report 
referred  to  in  the  beginning  of  this  paper,  pointed  out  the  route 
ot  the  Peninsula  road  as  the  proper  and  moat  feasible  outlet  for 
the  iron  product,  and  though  it  is  not  our  purpose  to  compare 
the  merits  of  the  respective  routes,  we  apprehend  that  he  did 
not  then  anticipate  that  his  suggestion  would  so  soon  be  acted 
upon. 

The  preliminary  survey  of  the  Peninsula  Railroad  line  was 
made  in  1865,  it  being  then  the  intention  of  the  company  to  run 
their  road  from  the  bead  of  Little  Bay  de  Noquet  to  Chocolay, 
four  miles  below  Marquette.  The  next  spring,  however,  the 
present  line  was  selected,  and  work  commenced  on  the  4th  of 
.July  In  a  little  less  than  eighteen  months  the  track  was  laid 
into  Negaunee,  and  in  less  than  two  years  after  ground  .vas  brok- 
en at  Escanaba,  the  cars  wore  carrying  ore  and  pas-sengers  over 
the  line  The  nmin  line  is  025  miles  in  length,  with  about  ten 
miles  of  track  branching  off  from  Negaunee  to  the  mines.  The 
business  of  the  road  has  more  than  answered  the  expectations  of 
the  company.     Recently  their  rails  have  been  laid  to  the  Bar- 


J 


WFf 


(IK. 


was  pxiiected 

Fond  (lu  Lac 

north,  range 

iclit'i* — one  to 

he  ]>anic  and 

iatioHH  of  the 

<l  grants ;  the 

however,  the 

course  of  tinu; 

ceed((l    to  tlie 

till'  Mnri|nt;tte 

:Ui:r,  U)  build  a 

7,  anvl  accord- 

ncd  from  Con- 

Marquftte  A 

ir.HfMl  line  of 

identical   witn 

that  the  hitter 

uy  de  N(i(|uet. 

were  udj tinted 

■eHtern  and  the 

ipany    liecume 

igon  Railroad. 

early  day,  ap- 

f  railway  from 

inperior,  an'l  it 

^e  are  indebted 


I,  in  the  rejwrt 
i  out  the  route 
lible  outlet  for 
we  to  compare 
id  that  he  did 
)  soon  be  acted 

Iroud  line  was 
onipany  to  run 
t  to  Chocolay, 
:,  however,  the 
on  the  4th  of 
track  was  laid 
jund  .vas  brok- 
•assengera  over 
kith  about  ten 
e  mines.  The 
ixpectations  of 
d  to  the  Bar- 


MINKH   AND    rilRNACEM   Of   I.AKK   KlIPKItlOlt. 


num,  Lake  AngeMne  and  New  England  minen,  which  are  ex- 
pected in  future  to  make  nearly,  if  not  <|uite,  all  their  HhipmentH 
over  the  Peniimula  line.  The  Peninsula  road  now  han  connoc- 
tionx  with  the  Jackiton,  New  York,  (leveland,  liarnum,  Lake 
Aiigeline,  Iron  Mountain,  New  Kngland,  McComber,  Grand 
Central  and  Houghton  MincH.  The  M.  Jk  O.  K.  li.  ha»  excluHive 
connections  with  the  l^ake  Superior,  Edwardw,  Washington, 
('liampion,  {'unions  and  Winthrop  inineH,  an<i  dividt>M  with  the 
Peninsula  road  the  huMineHs  of  the  Cleveland,  Lake  Angelino, 
Jackson,  New  England,  McComber,  Grand  Central  and  Lough- 
tou. 

THE   FIRST  OPKNING 

At  the  Jackson  mine,  and,  indeed,  the  Krst  in  the  district,  was 
made  in  the  fall  of  1846  Very  little  progress  was  made,  how- 
ever, until  after  the  building  oi'  the  company's  docks  ai  Mar- 
•juetle — which  were  commenced  in  1854,  an<I  finished  the  next 
year — and  the  subsetpient  o|H;ning  of  the  St.  Mary's  canal. 

The  Jackson  Company's  mines  are  situated  within  the  corpo- 
rate village  of  Negaunee,  on  section  I,  of  town  47,  range  27,  the 
whole  of  the  section  belonging  to  the  company,  and  comprising 
the  original  entry  mudc  by  Mr.  Iwerett  in  1845.  The  mines 
consist  «d  nine  cuts  or  openings,  on  as  man}'  ditTerent  deposits  of 
ore,  though  it  is  believed  that  xomc  of  them  are  continuous. 
The  ore  is  a  hematite,  including  both  the  hard  and  soft  varieties 
— cla8sifie<I  into  specular,  granular,  slate  and  hematite — the 
latter  referring  solely  to  the  foft  ores.  The  beds  are  very  irreg- 
ular in  their  formation,  but,  generally,  have  a  very  perceptible 
dip  to  the  north. 

CLKVELANI)   MINE, 

From  which  the  first  shipments  were  made  in  1855.  The  first 
opening  was  made  in  tin-  spring  or  summer  of  1854,  the  property 
having  been  previously  explored  by  Messrs.  John  Outhwaite, 
Dr.  Hewett,  S.  L.  Mather,  and  W.  J.  Gonkjn,  who  were  among 
the  original  incorporators  of  the  company.  The  product  of  the 
year  preceding  the  first  shi|)ment8  (about  3,000  tons)  was  made 
into  blooms  at  the  different  forges,  of  which  mention  has  already 
been  made.  The  Jackson  had  commenced  work  the  year  previ- 
ous, but  did  not  make  any  shipments  till  185(5,  so  that  the  Cleve- 
land is  really  the  pioneer  company  of  the  district,  so  far  as  ship- 
ments are  concerned.  In  1850  the  Jackson  shipped  about  5,000 
tons ;  the  same  year  the  Cleveland  shipped  6,343  tons,  against 
1,447  tons  the  year  previous. 

In  1853  the  Jackson  and  Cleveland  Companies  joined  in  the 
construction  o''  .  plank  road  from  the  .settlement  then  known  as 
Carp  River,  (k  )w  Marquette),  to  their  mines,  completing  it  in 
1856;  ill  which  same  year  it  was  converted  into  a  iram  or  wooden 
railway.  It  answered  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  designed 
until  the  summer  of  1857,  when  what  is  now  the  M.  &  O,  Kail- 


II 


> 


-.^•* 


wBmmm 


"f^'t^x"  ^es/^" 


^P^t^jgf.. 


21-2 


MINIS   AND   FUKNACE8   OF   LAKE   HUl'KUIOll. 


way  was  coinnlett.-l  and  put  into  operation  as  far  as  \  he  Superior 
mine.  Up  to  this  time  the  shipments  from  the  Cleveland  had 
been  less  l!ian  ten  tlioiisand  Ions,  hut  the  completion  ol  the  rail- 
way had  the  effect  to  i'lcrease  shipuienLs  very  matermlly,  the 
product  f,;r  1857  being  over  13,900  tons.  For  some  reason  ship- 
ments fell  oif  the  succeding  year,  and  rallied  again  the  year  after 
reaching  40,000  toni  in  18(>0. 

THE  CLEVELAND  DOCKS 

At  Marquette,  which  now  have  (1872)  twenty-nine  vessel,  and  six 
steamboat  pockets,  with  an  aggregate  capacity  of  2,200  tons,  are 
to  be  extended,  if  weather  and  circumstances  will  permit  through 
the  winter,  350  feet,  which  will  afford  space  for  54  additional 
pockets,  or  an  additional  aggregate  capacity  af  2,700  tons, 
making  in  all  a  pocket  capacity  of  about  5,000  tons,  and  room  to 
load  six  vessels  at  once. 

They  will  also  construct,  on  the  shore  east  of  their  docks,  a 
bulk-head  with  GOO  feet  water  front  and  400  feet  in  width.  Their 
bulk-head,  or  in-shure  dock,  on  the  west  side  of  the  ore-docks  is 
210  feet  front  bv  300  feet  deep.  So  it  will  be  seen  that  tney 
propose  to  have  double  theiv  present  dock  room  for  the  accom- 
modation of  business  next  season. 

The  stockholders  of  the  Comps-jy  have  also  organized  a  barge 
company,  which  is  now  having  built,  four  steam  barges,  with 
consorts,  for  the  transp()rtatii)n  of  ore,  in  order  to  relieve  the 
oompany  of  the  dictation  and  oi)p.?ssiou  of  vessel  owners  when 
transportation  is  brisk  and    -esse's  scarce. 

The  officers  of  the  company  remain  as  before,  with  J.  C. 
Morse  as  the  efficient  agent  and  local  manager,  and  F.  P.  Mills, 
mining  Superintendent. 

We  append  a  statement  of  the  total  product  of  the  mine  since 
the  commencement : 


Year  (iroKs  tonn.       Year. 

ia54'      :it'00       18(i5.-. 

lijoi'i  _               — 1,44'J        1 «()«.-, 

1850 MW    ;   18H7... 

lS;-)7 13,-.J04       1808  -- 

1858 7,909 

1859--- 1<V87 

18(iO  — - 40,091 

1861 ---  11.796 

lH(i2 37,009    ■ 

1803.  — 40.842    \       lotal 

1864 45,C27    ] 


GroM  tons. 
33,9.57 

42,125 

75,804 

.102,213 

1809 111.S97 

1870 132,984 

1871 168,047 

1872 151,585 


.1.032,098 


NoTK.— The  iinprovements  liere  mentioned,  have  Seen  mostly  com- 
pleted since  the  iitM)ve  was  yrrhten.  -Compiler  of  Directory. 


■IHVI 


HUPKUIOH. 


.8  far  as  \  he  Superior 
the  Cleveland  had 
•rnpletion  ol  the  rail- 
very  mr.teriHlly,  the 
''or  some  reason  ship- 
again  the  year  after 


y-niiie  vessel,  and  ^ix 
''  ty  of  2,200  tons,  are 
will  permit  through 
ice  for  54  additional 
aeity  af  2,700  tons, 
)00  tons,  and  room  to 

iast  of  their  docks,  a 
feet  in  width.  Their 
le  of  the  ore-docks  is 
11  be  seen  that  tney 
room  for  the  accom- 

ilso  organized  a  barge 

steam  barges,  with 

order  to  relieve  the 

f  vessel  ov  ners  when 

as  before,  with  J.  C. 
iger,  and  F.  P.  Mills, 

iuct  of  the  mine  since 


Gro8H  tons. 

- 3;?,9o7 

42,125 

75,864 

102,213 

111.897 

132,984 

158,047 

151,685 

1.032,698 


lave  been  moHtly  com- 
ireclory. 


•Jf-^T  W  i" '  'ff ,' '  ■.?'*  Wjii'gjfl'^i; 


mUKS  AND    FURMAOEB   OF   LAKE   SUPEItlOR.  213 

Thd  following  are  the  officern  of  the  company  : 
President — Samuei.  L.  Mather. 
Vice  President — Johk  Outhwaite. 
Secretaiy — Frederick  A.  Morse. 
Treasurer — 8.  L.  Mather. 
Agent — Jay  C.  Morse. 
Mining  Hupt. — F.  P.  Mills. 

THE  MARQUETTE  MINE, 

Is  coutigwous  to  the  Cleveland,  and  is  owned  by  the  stockholders 
of  the  latter  com})any,  though  under  a  separate  organization. 
The  following  is  a  list  of  its  officers  : 

President — John  Outhwaite. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer — Samuel  L.  Mather. 

Agent — Jay  C.  Morse. 

Superintendent — F.  P.  Mills. 

The  first  shipments  were  made  in  1864,  though  it  appears  that 
work  was  commenced  much  earlier.  We  append  a  statement  of 
the  product  of  the  mine  from  1864  to  1872  : 


Years.  Tonn. 

1864 3,922 

1865 .-..6,652 

1866 7,907 

1867 7,862 

186'< 7,977 

1869 --2,798 


Years.  Tons. 

1870 3,702 

1871 12,000 

1872 _- ---11,924 


65.746 


THE    LAKE  SUPERIOR  MINE 

Was  opened  in  the  fall  of  1857,  the  first  shipments  being  made 
the  following  year.  The  first  work  was  done  under  the  supervis- 
ion of  Cflpt.  Gilbert  D.  Johnson,  who  has  ever  since  remained 
in  charge  of  the  locition.  The  company  owns  a  large  estate  on 
the  "  range,"  and  has  mines  opened  on  sections  9,  10,  16  and  21, 
town  47,  range  27.  The  principal  mine,  or  what  is  known  as 
the  Lake  Superior  Mine  Proper,  is  on  sections  9  and  10,  the  ore 
being  of  the  varieties  known  as  slate,  granular,  specular  and  soft 
hematite.  The  deposit  on  section  2J  is  a  soft  hematite,  continu- 
ous with  the  New  England  vein  or  bed,  and  believed  to  be  quite 
extensive.  But  little  has  yet  been  done,  hower,  except  to  pre- 
pare the  mine  for  future  operations,  though  it  is  more  than  prob- 
able that  the  deposit  will  be  extensively  worked  the  coming  sea- 
son. The  machinery  for  hoisting  and  pumping  is  all  in  place, 
and  we  expect  to  see  this  new  opening  contributing  largely  to 
the  product  of  the  mines  the  present  year,  (1870.) 

The  opening  on  section  16  is  contiguous  to  the  olc"  Parsons 
Mine,  which  was  opened  in  1864,  and  abandoned  in  1866,  after 
5,299  tons  of  ore  had  been  raised.  Subsequently  the  property 
was  sold  to  the  Lake  Superior  Iron  Company,  who  are  still  its 
owners.     The  present  owners  have  not,  as  yet,  engaged  in  any 


II 


^-H 


i 


I 


R?ff^;^^i|;?^!ig%gs;a^'^g!ij;^  '  -  ^ffl'g'?"?' 


iflimm^i^fimi*!^ 


tJ 


-tr-' 


214 


MINES   ANE    FURNACES   OF   LaKE   SUPERIOR. 


mining  operations  on  the  Parsons  tract,  but  are  now  working  an 
opening  on  t^t  adjacent  section  (16),  which  is  often  confounded 
with  the  Parsons. 

Most,  if  not  all,  of  the  work  on  sections  16  and  2i  has  been 
done  under  the  supervision  of  Capt.  George  Berringer,  a  most 
industrious  and  capable  miner. 

During  the  past  two  years  the  track  of  the  M.  &  O.  Railroad 
has  been  extended  to  the  mir.e  on  section  21,  and  also  to  the 
New  England,  thus  affording  shipping  facilities  not  before  enjoy- 
ed bv  either. 

The  great  center  of  attraction  at  the  Lake  Superior,  however, 
is  at  the  original  location,  on  sections  9  and  10.  It  is  to  these 
mil  es  or  openings  that  operations  are  principally  confined,  and 
from  them  has  been  taken  the  great  bulk  of  the  ore  mined  and 
shipped  during  the  past  ten  years. 

THE  HEMATITE  MINE. 

Tlie  hematite  mine  of  this  company,  adjoining  the  specular 
mine  at  Ishpeming,  is,  without  doubt,  the  most  remarkable,  in 
point  of  the  extent  of  deposit  and  quality  of  the  ore,  in  the  en- 
tire district.  The  open  level,  90  feet  deep,  heretofore  worked, 
has  shown  a  richness,  as  depth  was  obtained,  which  was  not  ex- 
pected. . 

This  hematite  opening  is  400  feet  long,  in  nearly  an  cast  and 
west  direction,  with  an  open  level  nearly  90  feet  deep.  This 
level  is  worked  down  close  to  the  walls  on  both  sides,  at  an 
average  width  of  60  feet,  but  each  end  shows  a  continuation  of 
the  vein  to  an  undetermined  distance.  On  the  west  end  there  is 
an  immense  quantity  of  ore  mixed  with  rock,  on  the  90-foot 
face,  which  at  this  point  is  more  than  80  feet  wide ;  and  at  the 
east  the  work  has  been  contracted  to  a  much  narrower  space 
Two  incline  skip  roads,  located  about  the  center  of  the  north 
side  of  the  opening,  on  the  north  wall,  are  now  used  to  elevate 
the  ore  from  this  mine,  or  a  portion  of  the  ore  which  is  worked 
out  of  the  open  level.  But  a  perpendicular  shaft  has  been  put 
down,  through  the  north  wall  of  the  mine,  to  the  depth  of  130 
feet— 40  feet  below  the  open  level.  Drifts  had  been  made  a  few 
feet  below  the  90-foot  level,  and  some  ore  was  taken  out  by 
means  of  them,  but  not  long  since  these  drifts  fell  in  by  not 
having  been  sufficiently  well  supported  by  timbers,  and  it  is  now 
intended  to  work  from  the  deeper,  or  I'JO-foot  level. 

It  is  ou  this  level  where  the  most  wonderful  and  promising 
features  of  the  mine  are  shown.  A  drift  has  been  made  from 
the  bottom  of  a  130  foot  shaft,  east  and  west,  to  a  distance  of 
400  feet,  through  ore,  and  on  the  west  division  of  the  drift,  two 
cross-cutj?,  50  and  60  feet  respectively,  have  been  made  into  the 
ore,  in  a  northerly  direction.  Winzes  are  also  down,  in  ore,  on 
the  main  drift,  to  a  considerable  distance  from  the  points  where 
these  cross-cuts  are  started,  showing  a  body  of  hematite  40  feet 


^^ 


m0ttllHiv«m,!m« 


mm^m^^sm^^W^> 


R. 


MINEH  AND  FUUNACE8  OF  :.AKK  SUPEUIOK. 


215 


working  an 
confounded 

21  has  been 
f^cr,  a  most 

O.  Railroad 
altso  to  the 
jef'ore  enjoy- 

ior,  however, 
t  it)  to  these 
>iiKned,  and 
:  niined  and 


the  Hpeciilar 

narkable,  in 

•e,  in  the  en- 

)re   worked, 

was  not  ex- 

an  vast  and 
t  deep.  This 
I  sides,  at  an 
titinuation  of 
t  end  tliere  is 
a  the  90-foot 
; ;  and  at  the 
rrnwer  space 
of  the  north 
ed  to  elevate 
oh  is  worked 
has  been  put 
depth  of  130 
]  made  a  few 
taken  out  by 
(eli  in  by  not 
and  it  is  now 

id  promising 
n  made  from 
I  distance  of 
he  drift,  two 
nadc  into  the 
a,  in  ore,  on 
points  where 
latite  40  feet 


deep  by  60  feet  wide,  and  of  unexplored  length — possiblv  as 
long  as  the  main  drift  on  the  lower  level — 400  leet — but  most 
likely  much  longer. 

Suffice  it,  that  this  deposit  of  hematite  astonishes  the  best 
miners,  in  its  magnitude.  It  is  intended  to  sink  the  peri)endicu- 
lar  shaft  low  enough  to  make  drift  connections  with  the  winzes 
which  have  been  sunk  below  the  lowest,  or  130-foot  level,  now 
ready  for  the  stopers. 

It  will  bf  roadily  understood,  especially  by  miners,  how  much 
ore  can  be  taken  out  of  the  line  of  510  feet  of  drift  which  has 
been  made  in  this  mine,  on  the  130-foot  level,  and  how  much 
more  can  be  taken  ot.t  aller  the  hoisting  shaft  has  been  carried 
deeper  and  drifts  have  been  made  to  connect  the  winzes  already 
down. 

The  only  question  with  stopers  would  be,  as  to  the  quality 
of  timber,  and  the  care  exercised  in  putting  it  up  to  i)rotect 
them,  while  taking  out  the  ore,  for  as  there  is  no  rock,  and  the 
deposit  is  composed  chiefly  of  the  soft  dark  and  red  hematite, 
the  labor  of  mining  will  be  almost  as  easy  as  the  labor  of  dig- 
ging into  a  soap  bank. 

We  would  not  undertake  to  call  this  the  finest  hematite  mine 
in  the  world,  but  it  is  certainly  the  finest  one  we  have  ever  seen 
located  under  ground,  and  more  extensive  than  any  which  has 
come  under  our  notice,  among  those  which  are  located  near  the 
surface,  or  on  the  side  of  a  blufl',  as  they  usually  ar^. 

The  "Hard  Ore  Mine,"  "Section  16  Miiie,'' the  "  Parson 
Mine,"  "  Section  21  Mine,"  and  the  "  Prolific  Mine,"  all  belong 
to  the  Lake  Superior  Co.»  and  show  not  only  a  large  variety  of 
ores,  but  all  oi  them  of  the  best  and  purest  qualities. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  product  of  this  company 
up  to  the  close  of  1872 : 


Year.  QroHB  tonn. 

1868 4,686 

1859 24,668 

1860 33,016 

1861- --  26,195 

1862 —  37,709 

1883 78,976 

1864.— - 86  773 

1865- - —  60,2'>1 

1866 68,002 


Year.  GroBs  tons. 

1867 119,935 

1868-- 108,745 

1869 - 131,343 

1870 166,582 

1871 - 158,047 

1872 185,070 


Grand  total. 


1,275,919 


THE  NEW  YORK  MINE. 


This  mine  is  located,  as  is  well  known,  on  the  north  and  ad- 
joining the  Cleveland.  The  geology  of  this  mine  seems  peculiar 
to  itself.  Two  parallel  veins  of  ore  have  been  worked  for  some 
eight  years  past.  The  south  vein  yields  a  very  hard  specular 
ore,  which  runs  at  times  into  a  steel  ore,  the  grauulation  of  which 
is  almost  as  fine  and  compact  as  hammered  steel.  Upon  taking 
a  piece  of  this  ore  from  the  dump,  and  breaking  it  over  the  edge 


*. 


sy^f^-i 


'^»w^$m^. 


mm~  '-y^mmf^im:'  'f&?m^^"'"'»'-  ^m^'^-'mjyx 


fm 


M^M 


!^4 


w 


216  MINES   AND    FURNACES   OF   LAKE   8UPEBIOR. 


of  an  iron-bound  wagon  box,  we  found  a  fractured  face  which 
preseuted  a  peculiarly  tough  and  elastic  appearance,  with  a  fibrin 
80  close  that  had  it  been  presented,  with  finished  exterior,  as  a 
sample  of  steel,  we  would  have  been  puzzled  to  determine  whether 
it  was  genuine  or  not,  without  the  use  of  a  glass  or  the  appliance 
of  a  tool. 

This  specular  opening  is  now  worked  out  for  a  distance  of 
500  feet,  by  49  feet  in  width,  the  eastern  end  still  yielding  a 
good  quality  of  hard  ore,  and  the  western  end,  which  is  being 
stoped  on  two  or  three  levels,  yielding  the  first  quality  of  steel 
ore  we  have  mentioned.  On  the  south  side  of  the  eastern  end  of 
the  opening,  breast  mining  is  being  done  under  the  hanging  wall, 
following  the  dip  of  the  vein,  and  there  seems  lo  be  no  reason 
why  a  sha*"t  or  cross-cut  into  a  lower  level  would  not  guarantee 
a  good  fa>.«^  of  ore  on  the  same  area  which  has  been  worked  over. 

A  wall  of  rock  some  twenty-five  feet  wide,  forming  the  foot- 
wall  of  the  specular  vein,  intervenes  between  that  and  a  parallel 
lode  of  slate  and  hematite.  This  wall  is  used  as  a  working  level 
for  the  derricks,  pumps,  dumps,  skip  roads,  steam  power,  &c.,  in 
use  in  both  veins  The  north  vein,  ot  hematite  and  slate,  dips 
to  the  north  jand  cast,  leaving  a  "  horse  back,''  the  wall  men- 
tioned, between  them.  It  has  been  worked  out  to  nearly  the 
same  extent  that  the  specular  vein  has  been  worked.  The  hang- 
ing wall  of  soap  stone  and  slate  rock,  on  the  north  side  is  being 
taken  off,  to  expose,  so  far  as  possible,  the  lead  of  ore.  This  is 
quite  an  expensive  operation,  as  the  covering  h  quite  thick,  but 
it  cannot  be  avoided  because  the  formation  is  not  sufficiently 
firm  to  remain  as  a  roof. 

Some  distance  east  of  where  the  vein  dips  toward  the  east,  a 
shaft  has  been  sunk  to  tap  the  ore,  and  if  possible  get  a  good 
working  face  upon  which  to  go  back  over  che  area  worked  down 
to  the  present  level.  This  shaft  is  forty  feet  deep,  but  has  not 
yet  struck  the  ore.  Drifting  back  under  the  old  level,  from  tliis 
shalt,  will  probably  next  be  done,  to  determine  the  prospects  of 
the  plan  in  hand. 

Neither  of  these  mines  are  seriously  troubled  with  water,  and 
the  machinery  and  fixtures  for  working  them  are  very  complete. 

A  little  distance  north  of  these  openings,  and  running  nearly 
parallel  with  them,  ano*her  vein  of  slate  and  hematite  is  being 
worked.  It  seems  to  t.  .i,end  a  distance  of  nearly  one  thousand 
feet,  and  is  from  ten  to  twenty  feet  wide.  This  is  on  the  north 
side  of,  and  running  parallel  wi!h,  the  Chicago  and  Northwest- 
ern railroad.  Its  depth  we  did  not  ascertain,  as  it  was  filled 
with  water  at  the  time  of  our  visit,  and  workmen  were  engaged 
preparing  for  the  erection  of  an  engine  and  pump,  to  enable  the 
miners  to  renew  their  operations. 

The  following  is  the  statement  of  the  New  York  product  for 
the  nine  years  since  the  commencement  of  mining  operations  : 


^^Mmrnm^^ 


ion. 


MINEH   AND    FUltNACEH   OF   IJiKK  HUPEltlOB. 


217 


Mi 


face  which 

with  a  fibrin 

exterior,  aa  a 

mi  tie  whether 

le  appliance 

a  distance  of 
i  yielding  a 
eh  is  being 
itility  of  steel 

■astern  end  of 
htuiging  wall, 

b(>  no  reason 
not  guarantee 

worked  over, 
niiig  the  foot- 
md  a  parallel 
working  level 
power,  iic,  in 
nd  slato,  dips 
ho  wall  meu- 

to  nearly  the 
I.  The  liang- 
1  side  is  being 
ore.  This  is 
ite  thick,  but 
ot  sufficiently 

r<l  the  east,  a 
le  get  a  good 
worked  down 
),  but  has  not 
vel,  from  tliis 
e  prospects  of 

th  water,  and 
ery  complete, 
inning  nearly 
latite  is  being 
>ne  thousand 
on  the  north 
d  Northwest- 
it  was  filled 
were  engaged 
to  enable  the 

c  product  for 
>perations  : 


Year.  OroHs  tons. 

1864 8,000 

1866 12,214 

1866 - — 33,761 

1867 43,302 

1868 45,666 

1869 - 67,698 


Year.  GroHx  tonii. 

1870- 94,809 

1871- -7fi,381 

1872 68,950 

Total 460,775 


W.  L.  Wetmore,  of  Marquette,  still  ha.s  charge  of  the  business 
interests  of  the  niiue. 

THE  WASHINGTON    IRON  COMPANY 

Own  an  estate  of  1,000  acres  of  valuable  iron  lands  in  Town- 
ship 47,  Ratige  20.  The  company  was  organized  in  1864,  and 
mining  operations  coniinenccd  the  same  year.  The  ofticers  of 
the  company  are: 

President — Edwin  Parsons,  N.  Y. 

Vice  President  and  Superintendent — Edwaijd  Breitung. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer — S.  P.  Ely,  Marquette. 

Mining  Captain — Gko.  St.  ('lair. 

Agents  at  Cleveland,  A  B.  Tuttle  &  Co.;  at  Chicago,  A.  B. 
Meeker 

The  first  shipments  from  the  Washington  were  made  in  1865, 
since  which  time  the  figures  have  been  steadily  increased,  as  will 
be  seen  ny  the  following  table,  showing  the  amount  of  production 
for  each  year  up  to  and  including  1872  : 

Year.  Gross  tons. 

1865  _ 4,782 

1866 15,160 

1867 - 25,440 

1868 35,757 

1869 - 58-462 


Year.  Grotw  tons. 

1870 - 79762 

1871-.- - 48,726 

1872 38,841 


Total, 


316,919 


In  1869,  the  openings  were  embraced  within  a  spacf  of  about 
2,000  feet  on  what  was  then  considered  the  principal,  if  not  the 
only  vein,  which  averages  about  80  feet  in  width.  Since  tb  'n  a 
number  of  new  discoveries  have  been  made,  all  adding  la^^ely 
to  the  previously  acknowledged  value  of  the  property. 

The  company  now  have  on  the  location  about  100  buildings 
of  all  classes.  A  new  railroad  depot,  hotel,  and  a  drugstore, 
are  among  the  new  improvements.  The  company  has  also  a 
general  store,  the  sales  of  wliich  amounted  to  $100,000  the  past 
year. 

The  system  adopted  for  the  operation  of  the  Washington 
mine,  at  the  commencement  of  1872,  is  being  carried  out,  so  far 
very  satisfactory.  The  geology  of  the  mine  is  very  |)eculiar, 
and  it  has  hitherto  been  quite  difficult  to  determine  where  or 
how  the  ipost  effective  blows  could  be  struck.  The  deposit  is 
very  heavy,  with  an  incline  to  the  north  and  west,  but  is  pocket- 
ed in  such  irregular  form,  with  heavy  walls  of  talcose  slate  be- 
tween, that  until  the  openings  were  sufficiently  extensive  to  de- 


(i 


m. 


smsimim^ 


-:<yj^  :mmJ^M;m:""^''''-"'<^'"'^'i-1^^ 


iMP 


mms 


218 


MINES   AND   FURNACE8   OF   LAKE   tfUPERIOB. 


signate  the  pn»iuinence  of  the  deposits,  there  seemed  to  be  no 
means  of  determining  how  the  work  could  be  carried  on  to  ad- 
vantage. 

It  will  bfc  .-«^membered  that  this  mine  is  worked  by  a  tunnel, 
which  was  driven  in  from  the  base  of  the  elevation  in  which  the 
mine  is  located,  about  500  feet  from  the  first  shaft  put  down, 
the  surface  of  the  hill  varying  from  50  to  150  feet  above  the 
tunnel  level. 

Commencing  on  the  east  of  the  main  deposit,  we  find  added 
to  the  work  of  previous  years,  the  skip  shaft,  known  as  No.  1, 
dova.  iOO  feet  below  the  third  or  tunnel  level.  A  winze  was 
put  down  on  the  third  level  near  this  shaft  and  a  40  toot  stope 
opened,  which  is  to  be  worked  back  70  feet  west  to  shaft  No.  2, 
the  extremes  being  now  connected  by  a  drift. 

At  No.  2  shaft  a  Burleigh  drill  is  at  work  driving  the  drift 
150  feet  to  connect  with  shaft  No.  4.  This  drift  is  also  to  be 
carried  to  i.^o.  5  shaft,  120  feet  further  west.  No.  4  shaft  is 
down  to  within  22  feet  of  the  drift  level.  At  this  point  the  de- 
posit of  ore  is  from  20  to  60  feet  wide,  intervened  by  a  horse  of 
mixed  ore  and  rock.  When  the  shaft  has  reached  the  drift  lev- 
el this  deposit  can  be  worked  on  a  40-foot  face  over  a  distance 
of  100  feet. 

The  extent  of  the  deposit  at  No.  5  shaft  cannot  be  stated  to 
a  certainty.  The  drill  was  put  down  into  17  feet  of  good  black 
and  slate  ores.  The  shaft  at  its  present  depth  is  in  ore,  but  its 
bottom  is  yet  60  feet  above  the  drift  level,  following  the  dip  of 
the  ore. 

This  drift  level  is  to  be  extended  still  further  west  to  investi- 
gate the  deposits  which  are  thought  to  lie  there. 

Considerable  work  was  done  during  the  past  season  on  stones 
above  the  tunnel  level,  where  considerable  ore  is  obtained  and 
in  bridging  and  f^crengthening  the  bridges  which  span  the  open- 
ings below  this  level  for  the  extension  of  the  tunnel  westward. 
A  drift  started  some  weeks  since  in  what  was  supposed  to  be 
the  hanging  wall  of  the  main  deposit,  has  shown,  after  passing 
til  rough  8  feet  of  rock,  parallel  veins  of  magnetic  and  slate  ores, 
3  and  6  feet  thick  respectively,  and  continues  to  show  a  good 
slate  ore,  with  fair  indications  of  a  body  of  ore  lying  beyond. 
It  is  intended  to  work  this  discovery  vigorously. 

The  work  at  Nos.  9  and  10,  ou  the  west,  is  being  pursued  as 
fast  as  prudence  will  allow.  At  No.  10  from  four  to  five  hund- 
red tons  of  ore  per  month  can  be  taken  out.  Explorations  on 
the  south  of  the  old  work  on  the  hill,  have  shown  good  deposits 
of  magnetic  and  slate  ores,  of  the  same  grade  ta!  en  from  the 
old  mine,  which  can  be  worked  to  good  advantage  whenever  it 
may  seem  practical. 

The  working  improvements  for  the  season  have  "been  sub- 
stantial and  permanent.  They  consist  principally  of  hoisting 
machinery  applied  to  the  principal  skip  shaft,  and   a  skip  road, 


iiiMii(niii.j^ji<»i  ''""'"'''"""^^iji'y.i'i'^igsitSiJBR'i--' ■-. 


--■m^i^^^^::t:f'''ilf^i^-'^!^fii\: 


w^mmmm 


^ 


id  to  be  no 
id  on  to  ad- 

y  a  tunnel, 

1  which  the 

ft  put  down, 

et  above  the 

;  find  added 
ivn  as  No.  1, 
\  winze  was 
10  loot  stope 
shaft  No.  2, 

ing  the  drifl 
8  also  to  be 
).  4  shaft  is 
point  the  de- 
ly  a  horse  of 
the  drifl  lev- 
!r  a  distance 

be  stated  to 

good  black 

1  ore,  but  its 

g  the  dip  of 

ist  to  investi- 

son  on  stones 
obtained  and 
)an  the  open- 
lel  westward. 
ipposeJ  to  be 
after  passing 
ud  slate  ores, 
ihow  a  good 
flag  beyond. 

g  pursued  as 
to  five  hund- 
j'.orutions  on 
;<)od  deposits 
en  from  the 
whenever  it 

ve  <ieen  sub- 

of  hoisting 

a  skip  road, 


-^y^fk-r^ 


mmmm 


MINES   AND   FURNACES   OF   LAKE   8UPERI0B. 


21!) 


which  supplies  the  tunnel,  from  below,  with  more  tha'i  half  the 
product  the  tunnel  takes  out,  an  engine  for  the  same,  and  a  Bur- 
leigh rock  drill. 

A  new  store  and  some  new  dwellings  have  been  erected.  Ev- 
erything  about  the  mine,  and  in  all  the  departments  of  its  busi- 
ness, seem  to  be  iu  the  best  working  order,  uuder  the  general 
supervision  of  Mr.  St.  Clair. 

The  followiug  is  the  product  of  the  mine  up  to  the  end  of  the 
year  1872  : 


Year.  Groiw  tonH. 

1868 4,782 

1866- 16,150 

1867 25,440 

1868 36,757 

1869 68,462 


Year.  Growi  tonti. 

1870 79,762 

1871 48,726 

1872 38,841 


Total, 


216,924 


THE  CHAMPION  MINE 

Is  in  the  south  half  of  section  31,  Town  48  North,  Range  2y, 
West.  It  is  a  deposit  of  magnetic  and  slate  ore  of  remarkable 
extent,  uniformity  and  purity,  and  seems  likely  to  become  one  of 
the  great  mines  of  the  country.  Operations  were  begun  iu 
November,  1867,  though  very  little  was  done,  except  in  the  way 
of  preparation,  until  the  followiug  spring,  when,  just  as  the  first 
shipments  were  about  to  be  made,  the  destruction  of  the  docks 
at  Maiquette  occurred,  and  operations  were  almost  entirely  sus- 
pended until  October,  1868.  In  that  year,  owing  to  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  docks,  it  was  impossible  to  furnish  shipping  facilities 
to  all  the  older  mines,  and  the  Champion  was,  therefore,  obliged 
to  wait  until  the  docks  could  be  rebuilt  The  fiist  shipments 
were  made  in  October,  1868,  the  product  for  that  year  being 
6,255  tons. 

At  this  time  the  property  belonged  to  the  M.  &  O.  R.  R. 
company,  but  iu  September,  1869,  the  Champion  Iron  company 
was  organized,  and  is  now  a  corporation  independent  of  the  rail- 
way company.     The  officers  of  the  company  are  as  follows : 

President — Joseph  S.  Pay,  Boston. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer — S.  P.  Ely,  Marquette. 

Directors — Joseph  S.  Pay,  Edwin  Parsons,  Peter  White, 
Frances  8.  Poster,  8.  P.  Ely. 

Mining  Superintendent — J.  W.  Wilson. 

It  is  now  but  little  over  five  years  since  the  first  shipments 
were  made  from  the  Champion,  as  its  history  can  scarcely  be 
said  to  have  commenced  until  the  fall  of  1868.  The  newest 
mine  in  the  district,  it  presents,  however,  a  record  that  has  no 
parallel  in  the  history  of  the  Lake  Superior  Iron  district.  A 
difficultjf  is  always  experienced  in  the  introduction  and  sale  of  a 
new  ore,  however  good  it  may  be.  It  is  equally  true  that  the 
obstinacy  of  iron  masters  in  adhering  to  an  ore  with  which  they 


m 


r^r 


■■■■I 


220 


MINEH   AND   FUBNACEH   OF   LAKE   HCPEBIOR. 


are  familiar  often  works  to  their  disadvantage  by  delaying 
the  introduction  of  new  ores  which  may  be  aa  good  or  better. 
The  Champion  has  been  fully  tetsted,  however,  as  ia  shown  by 
the  yield  of  nearly  65  per  cent,  at  the  Champion  furnitce,  with  a 
mixture  of  two-ntlhs  of  leaner  ore.  An  analysis  made  at  the 
iron  masters'  laboratory,  of  Philadelphia,  from  specimens  picked 
up  at  random,  gave  69.92  per  cent,  of  metallic  iron. 

It  was  determined  in  the  beginning  to  adopt  the  underground 
system  of  mining,  instead  of  the  quarrying  process  in  vogue  at 
nearly  all  the  other  mines.  This  system  of  mining,  of  course, 
required  elaborate  machinery,  without  which  comparatively  little 
could  be  accomplished.  The  necessary  machinery  was  not 
ordered  till  some  time  in  February,  1869,  and  was  not  received 
ainl  put  into  operation  till  the  latter  part  of  the  following  summer. 
Bo  t  will  be  seen  that  the  mine  was  not  fully  prepared  for  suc- 
cessful operation  until  it  was  too  late  to  make  much  of  a  showing 
in  the  shipping  list  of  1869. 

That  the  great  bulk  of  the  ore  at  the  Champion  mine  is  mag- 
netic, there  is  no  room  to  doubt ;  but  about  75  feet  west  of  No. 
2  shaft  on  the  first,  and  125  feet  on  the  second  level,  the  drift 
strikes  a  deposit  of  very  heavy  slate  ore,  apparently  the  purest 
in  the  district.  This  ore,  which  appears  to  be  of  great  extent,  is 
easily  mined,  and  requires  very  little  breaking  after  being  thrown 
down  by  the  blast.  There  is  no  division  walls — only  a  seam — 
between  this  and  the  magnetic.  From  the  time  the  visitor  enters 
the  first  shaft  until  he  again  ascends  the  ladder,  he  is  not  able 
to  discover  a  single  particle  of  rock  or  foreign  matter — nothing 
but  ore  of  the  purest  quality  on  all  sides  so  far  as  the  work  has 
progressed,  with  a  single  unimportant  exception.  The  vein  (the 
deposit  presents  all  the  characteristics  of  a  vein)  has  been  traced 
over  a  mile  in  length,  and  it  is  at  least  80  feet  in  width. 

No  other  mine  in  this  region  has  been  opened  with  less 
expense,  or  attained  in  so  short  a  time  a  larger  capacity  of  pro- 
duction. Its  distinguishing  leature  is  the  coutiuuousness  and 
unitormity  of  the  ore,  which  thus  far,  in  al!  the  drifts  and  shafts, 
with  the  single  exception  referred  to,  proves  to  be  entirely  free 
from  rock,  or  any  deleterious  admixture. 

The  working  force  at  present  numbers  about  275  men,  nearly 
all  of  whom  are  employed  underground.  Capt.  J"hn  Wilson, 
the  mining  superinteudetit,  is  an  old  and  experienced  miner,  and 
will,  we  firmly  believe,  demonstrate  the  superior  advantages  to 
be  derived  from  the  adoption  of  the  underground  system  in  the 
beginning.  The  mine  is  situated  a  littleover  half  a  milefrom  the 
Champion  furnace  and  postoffice,  and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the 
best,  if  not  the  best  working  mine  in  the  district.  The  belt  of 
ore  which  was  commenced  upon  in  1867,  has  not  been, found  to 
vary  from  its  nearly  direct  east  and  west  course,  and  it  lies  in 
such  mass,  without  being  interrupted  by  r^ck  divisions  or  bands, 


^ 


)y  deUyiDg 
i  or  better. 
s  shown  by 
lace,  with  a 
nade  at  the 
nens  picked 

inderground 
in  vogue  at 
5,  of  course, 
atively  little 
ry  was  not 
not  received 
ring  summer, 
ared  for  suc- 
of  a  showing 

mine  is  mag- 
west  of  No. 
teh  the  drift 
y  the  purest 
eat  extent,  is 
being  thrown 
)ly  a  seam — 
visitor  enters 
B  is  not  able 
ter — nothing 
he  work  has 
'he  vein  (the 
i  been  traced 
idth. 

ed  with  less 
tacity  of  pro- 
iiousness  and 
ts  and  shafts, 
entirely  free 

5  men,  nearly 
"hn  Wilson, 
;d  miner,  and 
id  vantages  to 
system  in  the 
mile  from  the 
as  one  of  the 
The  belt  of 
een, found  to 
iind  it  lies  in 
ions  or  bands, 


MINEH  AND  FURNACES  OF  LAKE  SUl'ERIOB. 


221 


or  material  contractions,  that  the  supply  of  ore  seems  inexhaust- 
ible. The  only  point  in  question  i»  how  to  take  out  the  ore 
most  economically  and  in  sufficient  quantity  to  meet  the  demand 
in  market  for  it. 

All  the  workings  of  this  mine  continue  in  pure  ore,  as  has 
been  the  case  from  the  beginning,  in  a  succession  of  shafts  and 
drifts  extending  over  a  distance  of  a  half  mile  in  length,  by 
from  50  to  100  feet  in  width,  the  slate  (^re  in  the  west  end  and 
the  magnetic  in  the  east,  the  o-ly  case  of  foreign  matter  being 
a  light  seam  of  rock  running  across  the  formation  between  the 
two  classes  of  ore. 

The  mining  has  been  done  by  taking  out  the  ore  in  drifts 
and  breasts,  on  different  levels,  leaving  from  twenty  to  thirty  or 
more  feet  of  the  formation  between  the  levels,  and  elevating  the 
ore  in  skips  through  shafts,  of  which  there  are  four  in  operation, 
the  hoisting  cable  for  all  of  which  is  driven  by  the  same  en- 
gine, simultaneously  or  separately,  as  dcicasion  requires,  the  ca- 
ble being  transmitted  over  sheeves  from  the  engine  house  to  the 
skips. 

•  This  system  is  to  be  continued,  and  is  now  being  considera- 
bly extended  by  the  sinking  of  a  shaft  360  feet  fiom  or  east  of 
No.  1,  and  an  «Aer  700  east  of  the  first.  Some  700  feet  further 
ejist  is  the  oldest,  or  first  opening  made  in  the  mine,  but  which 
has  not  been  worked  since  1868,  owing  to  the  more  favorable  ad- 
vantages presented  for  work  by  the  ground  on  the  west. 

The  first  ot  these  shafts,  adjoining  No.  1,  is  down  thirty-five 
feet,  and  the  second  one  has  but  lately  been  commenced.  It  is 
intended  to  sink  them  dt  ep  enough  this  winter  to  connect  by 
means  of  a  drift  with  the  100  foot  level  of  No.  1,  and  the  drift- 
ing from  No.  1  toward  the  new  shafts  luis  already  been  carried 
forward  140  feet.  Of  course,  they  will  eventually  be  carried 
lower,  and  be  put  in  'communication  with  the  deeper  levels  of 
the  series  of  shafts  on  the  west. 

Shaft  No.  2  is  going  down  to  the  fourth  level,  which  will  make 
it  240  teet  deep.  The  foot  wall  in  this  shaft  assumes  a  more 
vertical  position  as  it  is  followed  deeper,  while  the  hanging  wall 
maintains  the  same  angle  as  was  found  above,  thus  gradually  giv- 
ing greater  width  .o  the  vein  as  the  miners  get  deeper  into  it. 
On  the  third  level  of  No.  2,  and  65  feet  west  of  the  shaft,  a 
winze  is  being  sunk  to  the  fourth  level,  and  this  winze  and  the 
shaft  will  be  connected.  On  the  second  level  and  60  feet  east  a 
winze   is  being   sunk  which    is  to   be  connected  with  the  third 

Shaft  No  3  is  going  down  to  the  fourth  level,  with  a  winze 
on  each  side  of  the  third  level  to  connect  with  the  fourth. 

Shaft  No.  4  is  going  down  t(»  the  second  level,  which,  owing 
to  a  falling  off  of  the  ground  going  west,  will  bring  this  second 
level  of  No.  4  on  a  line  with  the  third  level  of  No.  3.  Wmzes 
are  going  down  on  each  side  of  the  first  level  of  No.  4,  which 
will  connect  with  the  second. 


mmsM:,i^-^^&'^'^''^:^'''^viim:^^*^' 


I  iiiflii^ii' 


.# 


•ii^trr.rn 


222 


MINE8   AND   PCBNACE8   OP  LAKE   HUPEKIOR. 


There  have  have  been  no  further  underground  iniprovemente 
during  thw  year,  nor  no  new  discoveries  of  ore,  the  wt  rk  pro 
gretwing  favorably  and  satiafactorily ;  but  Capt.  Wilnon  has  rea- 
son to  believe  that  a  large  body  of  slate  ore  will  be  found   be- 
tween the  new  shafts  on  tne  east. 

Above  ground  a  hointing  engine  has  been  procured  to  work 
the  first  new  shaft  and  Nn.  1,  and  the  services  of  the  engine  at 
present  in  use  will  be  confined  to  Nos.  2,  3  and  4.  Another  en- 
gine will  have  to  be  put  up  to  operate  the  new  shaft  on  the  Ex- 
treme oast.  A  new  shaft  house  has  been  erected  at  No.  4.  The 
company  have  put  up  a  new,  large  warehouse  and  barn  for 
their  own  use,  and  a  new  hall,  which  Beats  |20()  people,  for  the 
use  of  the  people  of  the  village.  Four  new  pocketM  have  been 
e-ected  at  the  shipping  docks. 

One  hundred  thousand  tons  is  the  figure  set  as  tht  amount  of 
ore  to  be  taken  out  of  this  mine  next  year.  The  product  so  far 
is  as  follows : 


Year.  Qrow  tonH. 

1868 --         6,265 

1869      19,468 

1870 T3,161 

1871- - 67,588 


Year. 
1872- 


Grow  tons. 
. —     70,668 


ToUl, 


237,080 


The  improvements  during  the  year  1873  consist  of  2  engine 
houses,  5  shaft  houses,  1  carpenter  and  1  blackshiih  shop,*!  pow- 
der magazine,  1  barn,  1  store  and  office,  and  43  dwelling  nouses. 
Besides  the  company's  buildings,  there  is  a  hall,  1  school  house, 
1  church  and  30  small  houses.  The  population  numbers  nearly 
1,000  inhabitants. 

THE  NEW  ENGLAND  MINE 

Is  situated  on  section  29,  township  47,  range  27,  and  was  first 
opened  in  the  spring  of  1864,  in  which  year  a  number  of  te^t 
pits  were  sank  by  Capt.  H.  G.  Williams. 

UNDEVELOPED  IRON  LANDS. 

During  the  year  1870,  several  new  and  important  discoveries 
of  ore  were  made,  all  of  which  will  undoubtedly  lead  to  the  de- 
velopment of  valuable  mining  properties,  and  add  largely  to  the 
production  of  the  district.  Indeed,  it  seems  to  be  a  fixed  fact 
that  the  future  increase  in  the  supply  of  Lake  Superior  ores  must 
come  from  the  Michigammi  district.  Mines  that  are  now  yield- 
ing over  a  hundred  thousand  tons  annually,  cannot  be  expected 
to  increase  their  product  to  any  considerable  extent.  Nor  is  it 
probable  that  any  considerable  number  of  new  mines  will  be  de- 
veloped east  of  the  Washington  or  Edwards,  although  there  un- 
doubtedly yet  remain  some  valuable  properties  within  the  Ne- 
gaunee  district  that  can  be  developed.  To  the  Michigammi 
district,  therefore,  the  attention  of  iron  men,  particularly  those 
looking  for  investments,  is  mainly  directed,  and   everything 


^ 


MQIBH   AND   FURNAOBM   OK   LAKE   HUPEKIOH. 


223 


iiprovemenU 
le  wt  rk  pro- 
Ihoi)  has  rea- 
l)e  found  bo- 
red to  work 
tie  engine  at 
Another  eu- 
i\  on  the  ix- 
No.  4.  The 
md  barn  for 
eople,  for  the 
!ta  have  been 

hi  amount  of 
product  80  far 


Groiw  ton*. 
_ .     70,{'>68 

237.030 


3t  of  2  engine 
h  shop,'!  pow- 
iielling  nouses, 
school  house, 
ambers  nearly 


and  was  first 
lumber  of  test 


ant  discoveries 
lead  to  the  de- 

largely  to  the 
te  a  fixed  fact 
)erior  ores  must 

are  now  yield- 
lot  be  expected 
tent.  Nor  is  it 
ines  will  be  de- 
lOUgh  there  un- 
within  the  Ne- 
le  Michigammi 
rticularly  those 
ind  everything 


points  unerringly  to  the  rapid  development  of  the  immense  de- 
posit which  are  there  known  to  exist. 

MICHIGAMMI  DISTRICT, 

From  Maj.  T.  B.  Brooks'  geological  report  : 

"  In  the  fall  of  1868  attention  was  uirected  to  this  range  and 
what  is  now  known  as  the  Spurr  Mountain  was  discovered,  or 
rather,  I  should  say,  rediscovered,  ou  the  north  half  of  thesouth- 
wdst  quarter  of  section  twenty-four,  town  forty-eight,  north  of 
range  thirty-one  west  There  is  a  lar^e  outcrop  of  pure  mag- 
netic ore  (the  largest  I  ever  saw  of  this  kind  of  ore)  occurring 
in  an  east  and  west  ridge  one  hundred  and  eighteen  feet  above 
the  surface  of  Michigaiumi  Lake.  The  direction  of  the  bed  is 
due  east  and  west,  dipping  to  (he  south  at  a  high  angle.  It  pre- 
sents a  thickness  of  thirty  feet  of  first  quality  of  merchantable 
ore,  add  facilities  for  commencing  to  nine  which  I  have  never 
seen  surpassed.  The  exposure  along  the  range  is  short,  owing 
to  the  covering  of  earth,  but,  the  magnetic  attractions,  which 
are  very  strong,  continue  east  and  west  for  a  long  distance,  de- 
termining the  position  of  the  range  with  great  precision.  This 
ore  is  of  the  saiiy^  character  as  the  magnetic  ore  of  the  Champion 
and  Washington  mines,  differing  only  in  being  softer  from  the 
effects  of  the  weather.  A  specimen  collected  for  analysis  in  Oc- 
tober, 1868,  by  breaking  indiscriminately  numerous  fragments 
from  all  parta  of  the  outcrop  and  from  the  loose  masses,  with  the 
view  of  obtaining  a  safe  average,  afforded  Dr.  C.  F.  Chandler, 
of  the  School  of  Mines,  New  York,  the  following  constituents  : 

Per  cent 

Oxide  of  iron 89.21  - — 

Pure  metallic  iron 64.00 

Oxygen  with  the  iron 24.61 

Oxide  of  manganeHe,  a  trace 

Alumina 2.67 

Lime-- - - ^-^l 

Magnesia— - ^.19 

Silica — - -     »"'° 

Phosphoric  acid,  a  trace. 

Sulphur —- - - - -^ 

99.37 
M'COMBER  MINE. 

The  latest  and  most  important  developments  of  the  year  1870, 
however,  have  been  at  Negaunee.  Half  a  dozen  new  mines 
have  been  opened  in  that  vicinity,  all  promising  the  most  valua- 
ble results.  Late  in  the  summer  of  1870,  Wm.  C.  McComber 
leased  the  Peudill  farm,  adjoining  the  village  on  the  south,  and 
proceeded  to  open  a  deposit  of  hematite,  from  which  he  has 
already  mined  and  shipped  over  5,000  tons  of  ore.  Edward 
Breitung,  Esq.,  followed  suit,  by  leasing  of  C.  T.  Harvey,  about 
1,300  acres  in  the  same  locality.    The  existence  of  good  ore 


II 


m 


I 


-*'»-^;?|!?s 


^i' 


mittm 


•224 


MINKH   AND    F'JUNACKH   OK   LAKK    wrPKItlOH. 


U|)<)ii  the  Ilurvey  property  had  been  known  to  Mr.  Broitiing  for 
H  niiinhcr  ot'yeurH,  from  explortitiontt  made  by  him  in  1867,  and 
it  iippuarH  that  lie  had  been  keeping  the  tact  quiet  until  Much  time 
UH  h(!  could  Hucuro  to  hiniHelf  the  bcnefilH  to  be  derived  from  the 
knowledge  thus  obtained.  Hince  obtaining  a  lease  of  the  lands, 
extensive  explorationn  have  been  made,  revealing  the  presencfc 
of  immense  beds  of  u  peculiar  but  at  the  name  time  moxt  valua- 
ble soft  hematite,  and,  when  it  became  known  that  Mr.  Breituog 
would  sub-let  the  property  in  small  tracts,  a  very  great  desire 
was  manifested  on  tlii'  part  of  citizens  to  secure  leases.  Rough 
maps  of  the  property  were  made  and  armed  with  pick  an<l  shovel, 
scores  of  excited  individuals  il  ronged  the  hills  and  valleys  until 
tiie  thirteen  huhdre<l  acres  presented  more  the  appev ranee  of  an 
exaggerated  |)«pper-box,  than  anything  else  we  can  think  of. 
Mr.  Breitung  was  besiiged  day  Kud  night  by  eager  and  excited 
prospectors,  for  this  "f,)rty"  and  t  ia»  "eighty,"  until  the  whole 
was  taken  by  at  least  a  dozen  ditterent  individuals  or  firms,  all 
of  whom  appeared  certain  of  having  secured  an  immense  fortune. 
That  some  of  them  will  succeed  in  developing  good  mines,  we 
have  very  little  doubt — that  all  wil!  realize  their  expectations  is 
scarcely  |)robabIe. 

The  McC'omber  mine  is  the  best  representative  of  the  nature 
of  the  Negaunee  H"matit^  Hange.  It  Is  the  oldesr  mine  of  the 
groun  and  has  been  worked  tlie  most  extensively.  It  was 
opened  in  1870  by  Mr.  Wm.  C.  McComber,  and  (|uile  a  quantity 
of  ore  taken  out  and  whipped  that  year.  In  1871  he  look  out 
and  shipped  over  17,000  tons.  This  ore  reached  two  or  three 
furnaces  in  the  Marquette  district,  the  Alien  furnace,  at  Bharps- 
ville,  Pa.,  and  the  Cleveland  Iron  Co.'g  works,  at  Cleveland,  and 
seemed  to  meet  their  requirements  exactly  for  mixing  with  the 
specular  ores,  causing  a  yield  of  from  50  to  60  per  cent,  of  an 
excellent  quality  of  clean  No.  1  iron  from  the  mixture.  This 
season,  in  order  to  secure  a  continuance  of  tlis  supply  a  few 
gentlemen  interested  in  the  Cleveland  Company,  in  mining  ore 
and  manufacturing  iron,  secured  the  j.  »)erty  and  formed  a  com- 
pany with  the  following  offiisrs:  S!\;  "i  1  L.  Mather,  ClevelandJ 
President  and  Treasurer,  and  Frea.  !\.  Morse,  Cleveland,  Secre- 
tary. The  lease  was  made  to  this  coinpany  in  July  last,  and 
the  work  of  taking  out  ore  has  been  pushed  with  much  vigor 
since  that  time.  The  shipments  so  far  this  season  amount  to 
25.000  tons,  leaving  some  2,000  tons  in  stock.  Many  important 
improvements  are  in  contemplation,  for  the  purpose  of  supply- 
ing everv  facility  possible  for  the  economical  and  thorough 
working     f  the  miile. 

Builv.ings  for  the  accommodatio':  of  an  engine  and  hoisting 
machinery  are  to  be  erected,  and  four  hoisting  shafts  are  to  be 
located  at  different  points  iu  the  mine,  to  be  conveniently  oper- 
ated from  the  engine  house.  Cable  drums  with  friction  gear 
will  be  used  for  hoisting,  and  each  shaf^  will  be  supplied  with 


r 


•■».>55f' 


)1<. 


^t" 


MINKH   AND    KUHNACEM   OK   IJiKK   HIU'KMIOK. 


intituiig  for 
III  1807,  and 
til  Huch  tim« 
vetl  fronj  the 
)('  the  laiulB, 
the  prexenee 

llior't  Vttlua- 

Mr.  HroituuK 
great  desire 
iscM.  Kotigh 
k  and  Hhovel, 
viilleya  until 
'ifruiue  i)f'  an 
■an  think  of. 
'  and  excited 
til  the  whole 
\  or  hrnis,  ail 
neiise  fortune, 
od  mines,  we 
cpectationH  is 

of  the  nature 
(  mine  of  the 
!ly.  It  was 
ite  a  <|uantity 
1  he  look  out 
two  or  three 
ce,  at  Sharps- 
leveland,  and 
xing  with  the 
er  cent,  of  an 
lixture.  This 
supply  a  few 
in  mining  ore 
ormed  a  com- 
er, ClevelandJ 
velaud,  Secre- 
July  last,  and 
h  much  vigor 
}n  amount  to 
my  important 
jse  of  8upj)!y- 
ind    thorough 

)  and  hoisting 
alls  are  to  be 
eniently  oper- 
friction  gear 
supplied  with 


aufBcient  pocket  receiving  capacity  to  obviate  the  neceasity  of 
waiting  for  cars  or  dumfMt  when  there  may  be  any  delay.  A 
central  drain  shaft  will  be  sunk  to  the  depth  of  150  feet,  and 
supplied  with  the  best  pumping  machinery.  Additional  side 
tracks,  cars,  <&c.,  will  bo  provided,  and  everything  necessary  to 
work  the  mine  to  its  full  capacity  put  in  order  for  all  the  bus- 
iness which  can  be  done  next,  season. 

THE  UKPUHLIC  IKON  CO. 

The  mine  of  this  company  is  the  famous  Smith  mountain, 
located  on  section  7,  town  46,  range  2i),  being  a  part  of  1,827 
acres  of  land  vwned  by  the  company  iu  the  neighborhood  of  the 
mine. 

The  dejMMiit  of  ore  lies  behind  a  (piartzite  rock  which  seems 
to  form  the  bed  of  «  small  laka  which  lies  on  the  north  of  Smith 
mountaiq.  The  quartzite  is  the  basin  and  margin  of  the  lake, 
making  a  curve  from  north-east  and  south-west  to  the  north, 
forming  a  crescent  around  the  south  base  of  the  water-b<!d.  The 
quartzite  has  a  dip  varying  from  ten  to  forty-five  degree*,  toward 
the  north  and  west,  or  basin  of  the  lake.  Behind  and  beneath 
it  lies  the  ore  veii;i — tirst  the  black  magnetic,  and  then  a  slate 
ore,  with  sometimes  an  intermediate  seam  of  slate  or  soap  rock. 
Back  of  the  ore  is  a  diarite,  a  silicious  schist,  and  a  white  gran- 
ite, in  regular  order.  This  formation  will  be  better  understood 
aft  we  describe  the  different  openings  which  have  been  made  in 
the  ore  beds. 

The  ore  outcrops  on  the  side  of  the  hill,  near  its  summit,  like 
a  composition  which  has  been  poured  into  a  basin,  and  adhering 
to  the  side  of  the  basin,  another  composition  had  been  poured  in 
and  cooled  upon  the  top  of  it,  leaving  the  first  not  quite  cov- 
ered. This  outcrop  is  at  sufficient  elevation  to  afford  from  20 
to  40  feet  working  face,  and  yot  leave  a  working  level  sufficient- 
ly high  to  be  used  for  the  head  of  inclined  tram  roads  to  carry 
ore  to  the  pockets,  docks  and  stock  piles  at  the  point  where  it  is 
loaded  upon  cars  for  shipment,  near  the  margin  of  the  lake. 

HISTORY  OF  THE  PROPERTY. 

The  discovery  of  this  ore  vein  is  accorded  to  Silas  C.  Smith, 
and  by  him  entered  iu  the  land  office.  Subsequently  Edward 
Breitung,  and  othe*^,  became  interested  with  him  in  its  devel- 
opment, and  in  1871  a  company,  composed  principally  of  the 
following  persons,  was  formed  to  operate  it  ; 

Jonathan  Warner,  Mineral  Ridge.  Ohio,  President ;  Edward 
Breitung,  Negaunee,  Vice  President;  S.  P.  Fly,  Marquette,  Sec- 
retary &v<l  Treasurer;  Peter  Pascoe,  Superinccident. 

The  v/hole  space  now  occupied  by  seven  onenings  is  2,00() 
feet  in  length,  every  foot  of  which  seems  to  be  a  part  of  the 
ledge  or  veins  which  have  so  far  been  struck  when  looked  for. 

It  is  more  than  likely  that  before  the  tunnel  is  completed  to 


I 


I 


rr^": 


'^yiW-f^'i 


226 


MINES    i^ND   FUBNAOES   OF   CAKE    SUPERIOR. 


the  shaft  the  black  ore  will  be  encountered,  placed  as  it  haa 
been  found  in  the  other  openings. 

Explorations  which  have  been  made  north-east  of  this  open- 
ing, show  a  continuation  of  these  veins  of  rich  black  and  slate 
ores,  while  above  them  a  leane",  second-class  ore  forms  the  bare 
face  of  the  mountain. 

Work  has  been  going  on  at  this  mine  but  about  a  year.  The 
time  last  winter  was  spent  in  survej's  and  test-pitting.  A  saw 
mill  was  erected,  supplies  had  to  be  taken  in,  nine  miles  over  a 
new  wagon  road.  A  railroad  had  to  be  constructed — by  the  M., 
H.  &  O.  company — and  all  the  work  commenced  in  the  most 
primitive  style.  Yet,  on  the  second  of  October  last,  a  train  of 
ore  cars  was  dispatchei'.  from  the  mine-docks,  tramways,,  pock- 
ets, &c,,  had  b(!en  coPi^tructed,  and  the  mine  was  full-Hedged  for 
business. 

Now  there  are  thirteen  houses  on  the  location,  a  company 
store,  a  drug  store,  commodious  barns,  &c. 

The  shipping  facilities  are  being  so  extended  as  to  have  a 
tram  road  from  each  opening  to  the  railway,  and  the  accommo- 
dations for  loading  from  the  docks  and  the  pockets  will  be  such 
as  to  enable  the  laborers  to  handle  twenty  cars  at  the  same 
time. 

In  short  it  is  intended  to  handle  a  thousand  tons  of  ore  every 
day  during  the  i^hipping  season  of  1873. 

The  buildings  are  of  a  better  class  than  those  erected  by 
any  other  mining  company  in  the  Marquette  district,  and  con- 
siderably better  than  those  in  use  by  many  of  the  old  companies. 
During  the  present  year  a  school  house  and  church  will  be  erect- 
ed, and  every  eflbrt  made  to  care  for  the  positive  as  well  as  the 
temporal  interest  ot  the  operatives. 


Ste.iiBWS-*^' 


>  > 


SUPERIOR, 


ered,  placed  as  it  haa 

)rth-east  of  this  open- 
rich  black  and  slate 
88  ore  forma  the  bare 

|ut  about  a  year.  The 
test-pitting.  A  saw 
in,  nine  miles  over  a 
instructed — by  the  M., 
inienced  in  the  most 
ctober  last,  a  train  of 
ocks,  tramways,,  pock- 
ne  was  fuU-tiedged  for 

e  location,  a  company 

extended  as  to  have  a 
'ay,  and  the  accommo- 
e  pockets  will  be  such 
snty  cars  at  the  same 

isand  tons  of  ore  every 

than  those  erected  by 
lette  district,  and  con- 
i'  of  the  old  companies, 
d  church  will  be  erect- 
positive  as  well  as  the 


BLAST  FURNACES. 


As  might  readily  be  inferred,  the  most  important  manufac- 
turing interest  on  Lake  Superior  is  the  smelting  of  iron  ore  in 
the  blast  furnace.  The  attempt  to  establish  iron  manufactures 
on  Lake  Superior  was  made  under  many  disadvantages,  and  at 
a  time  when,  if  successful,  those  engaged  in  the  enterprise  could 
not  hope  for  large  returns  on  the  amount  of  capital  and  labor 
invested.  It  was  made,  in  fact,  before  anything  had  be<^n  done 
toward  the  development  of  the  mines,  and  when  it  would  have 
been  next  to  impossible  to  get  the  iron  to  market,  except  at  an 
immense  expense  for  transportation.  And,  in  fact,  the  first  effort 
at  iron  making  on  these  shores  succeeded  only  in  so  far  that  it 
served  to  show  the  sterling  qualities  of  the  ores,  and  the  readi- 
ness with  which  t^iey  could  be  converted  into  blooms  or  pig 
metal. 

In  the  summer  or  fall  of  1846,  one  year  after  the  discovery 
of  the  Jack'ou  mountain  by  Mr.  Everett  and  his  party,  the  Jack- 
son Company  undertook  the  erection  of.a  forge  on  the  Carp  river, 
about  three  miles  eas*  of  Negaunee.  The  building  of  the  forge 
was  intrusted  to  VVm.  McNair,  who  was  sent  here  as  agent  for 
the  company.  He  had  never  seen  a  forge  and  did  not  suc- 
ceed in  acc()mj)lishing  anything  toward  its  erection  till  the  fol- 
lowing year.  In  July,  1847,  Ariel  N.  Barney  and  his  brother- 
in-law,  Aaron  K.  Olds,  arrived  at  the  mouth  of  the  Carp,  having 
been  sent  up  by  the  company.  They  were  both  practical  iron 
makers,  and  expected  to  find  the  forge  nearly  ready  for  work. 
In  this  they  were  disappointed,  as  nothing  had  been  done  save 
that  a  few  timbers  had  been  hauled  upon  the  ground ;  they  soon 
discovered  that  McNair  knew  absolutely  nothing  about  the 
business  he  had  undertaken,  and  it  was  not  long  until  Mr.  Bar- 
ney was  empowered  to  go  on  and  build  the  forge,  and  to  him 
really  belongs  the  credit  of  having  built  and  put  in  operation  the 
first  iron  manufacturing  e8tal)li8hment  on  Lake  Superior.  The 
first  bloom  was  made  on  the  10th  day  of  February,  1848,  by  Mr. 
Olds,  and  wa.s  hammered  into  bar  iron  by  Mr.  Barney.  This  is 
the  correct  date  uf  the  first  manufacture  of  iron  on  Lake  Supe- 


rior. 


In  May,  of  the  same  year,  Messrs.  Barney,  Olds,  and  one  or 
two  others,  started  in  a  small  boat  for  the  Sault,  taking  with 
them  about  300  lbs.  of  bar  iron,  among  it  the  first  bar  made  at 
the  forge.  This  iron  was  taken  to  Jackson,  and  there  exhibited 
as  a  specimen  of  what  could  be  done  on  Lake  Superior. 


'iWS^;'^'<^i5Sl^gf'^^!J5S*<^3J!r;3rrr**' 


sr'!Cc'.;jy  :!:nra!n? 


M^> 


228 


MINEH   AND   FURNACES   OF   LAKE   8UPEBI0B. 


The  forge  continued  in  operation  till  sometime  in  1850,  when 
it  was  abandoned.  It  never  paid  the  interest  on  the  money  in- 
vesteil,  hut,  having  served  the  purpose  of  a  thorough  test  of  the 
Jackson  ore,  the  company  very  wisely  concluded  to  i«b»i<don  it, 
and  devote  the  whole  of  their  capital  and  energy  to  the  develop- 
ment of  their  mines. 

Another  forge  was  built  here  at  Marquette,  just  south  of  the 
shore  end  of  the  Cleveland  dock,  by  a  Worcester,  (Mass.)  cora- 
j)any,  in  1849,  under  the  direction  and  superintendence  of  A.  R. 
Harlow,  Esq.  It  was  destroyed  by  tire  the  following  winter,  and 
was  never  rebuilt.  Two  other  forges  were  subsequently  built  at 
Forestville  and  Coilinsville. 

The  first  pig  iron  from  Lake  Superior  ore  was  made  by  S.  R. 
Gay,  at  the  Collins  forge.  It  wa,s  made  as  an  experiment,  in  the 
torge  chimney,  whicii  had  been  converted  into  a  temporary  stack. 
The  result  confirmed  Mr.  Gay  in  his  determination  to  build  a 
blast  furnace,  which  he  afterwards  did. 

There  are  now  in  the  district  sixteen  blast  furnaces,  ad  one 
rolling  mill. 

THE  MORGAN  FURNACE, 

Built  and  owned  bv  the  Morgan  Iron  Company,  went  into  blast 
November  27,  186;^  making  in  the  first  year  837  Urns  of  iron. 
The  Morgan  has  been,  perhaps,  the  most  successful  enterprise  of 
the  kind  in  the  district,  having  made,  in  the  first  ten  months,  a 
clear  net  profit  of  220  per  cent.,  thus  enabling  the  company  to 
pay  back  all  the  original*  outlay  for  land  and  machinery,  leav- 
ing a  dividend  of  100  per  cent,  to  be  divided  among  the  stock- 
holders. The  Morgan  is  situated  on  the  line  of  the  M.  &  O  R. 
R.,  eight  miles  west  of  Marquette.  It  was  built  under  the  im- 
mediate 8Ui)ervi8ion  of  C.  Donkersley,  Esq.,  one  of  our  most 
practical  and  efficient  iron  masters,  who  still  occupies  the  posi- 
tion of  general  agent.  The  product  of  the  Morgan  for  the  seven 
years  she  has  been  in  blast  is  given  as  follows : 

Year.  Ciross  tons. 

1863- :«" 

1864 4,023 

1866 -—  3,489 

1866 3,749 

1867 6,067             Total,                              35,352 

1868 4,203 

The  furnace  was  out  of  blast  for  over  a  year  previous  to  the 
last  week  in  December,  1869,  when  she  again  commenced  mak- 
ing iron.  Her  being  out  of  blast  for  so  long  a  time  was  occa- 
'sion  by  the  exhaustion  of  the  fuel  supply  immediately  about  the 
furnace.  This  difficulty  has  been  overcome  by  the  building  of  a 
wooden  railway  to  lands  owned  by  the  company,  nine  miles 
north  of  the  furnace,  where  kilns  were  built  during  the  summer 
of  1869.     The  coal  used  in  the  furnace,  or,  at  least,  a  greater 


Year.  Gross  tond. 

1870.— 6,952 

1871 4,792 

1S72— .-  - 4,356 


1 


%m  « 


m^rrt'^.TWr' 


T'^ 


>B. 


MINta*   AND   FTTItSACES   OP  LAKE   SUrEMOU. 


229 


1 1850,  when 
le  money  in- 
h  test  of  the 
1  i«b»Gdon  it, 
the  develop- 
south  of  the 
Ma«8.)  cora- 
nce  of  A.  R. 
5  winter,  and 
tutly  built  at 

lade  by  S.  R. 
imeiit,  ill  the 
porary  stack. 
)n  to  build  a 

ices,    ad  one 


eiit  into  blaat 

tons  of  iron. 

enterprise  of 

BU  months,  a 

!  company  to 

:;hinery,  leav- 

ng  the  Btock- 

eM.  &0  R. 

juder  the  iin- 

of  our  most 

pies  the  posi- 

for  the  seven 


GroBB  tonR. 

5,952 

4,792 

4,356 

35,352 

revious  to  the 
menced  mak- 
ime  was  occa- 
ely  about  the 
building  of  a 
f,  nine  miles 
1^  the  summer 
ast,  a  greater 


part  of  it,  is  now  l)eing  transported  over  thb  road.  In  the 
meantime,  extensive  repairs  have  botn  made  on  the  furnace,  and 
as  the  above  figures  for  1872  show,  she  is  running  under  the 
most  flattering  auspices. 

The  officers  of  the  company  are : 

L.  H.  Morgan,  President. 

8.  P.  Ely,  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  • 

C.  DoNsKERLEY,  General  Agent. 

About  two  years  ago,  the  Fayette  furnace  wrested  the 
"  broom  "  (the  emblem  of  victory)  from  the  Champion  furnace, 
and  has  held  it  ever  since,  on  211  tons  of  pig  iron  made  in  one 
week.  In  August,  however,  the  Morgan  furnace,  with  its  nine 
foot  bosh,  made  an  unprecented  run  of  230  tons  !  It  may  be  of 
Id  -  't  to  charcoal  iron  men  to  know  some  of  the  details  of  the 
">  and  ita  working  during  the  week,  kindly  furnished  the 

wuier  at  the  works  by  Mr.  J.  E.  Barnum,  the  superintendent, 
and  Mr.  Carrol,  the  founder.  The  present  height  of  the  stack 
is  45  feet ;  height  of  bosh,  16  feet ;  diameter  of  the  hearth  at 
bottoir,  44  inches;  diameter  of  bosh,  9  feet;  diameter  tunnel- 
head,  52  inches.  Using  two  tuyera  five  inches  in  diameter,  and 
32  iches  from  botton^  of  hearth.  Pressure  of  blast,  28  pounds  ; 
tem{)erature  of  blast, 700  to  800  deg.  (F.)  Charcoal  is  two-thirds 
hard  an.,  one-third  soft.     Charge  consists  of 

Lake  Superior  «lat€  ore — 197  !b«- 

Lake  Superior  hematite ^o*  lj»* 

Republic  mine,  ore. 591  Ita. 

Native  lime  BtoneL.  8.— - —  „„  J^ 

Charcoal— 30  buH. 

About  an  average  sample   of  the  Lake  Superior  slate  ore 
gave  by  analysis  : 

M»*„lin  irr-  - 66  00 

Metalic  irr,  — —  oo  oo 

Oxygen  eob.  .    -h  iron ■  -  i^  ^^ 

Insoluble   f. f  /.Y 

Undetermi.iu         >f     nts  and  loss ^  ^- 

100  00 

Lake  Superior  hematite  analysis  : 

Metallic  iron - -- ^^  ^0 

Oxygen  combined  with  iron i'*  W 

Silica I  "" 

Water — - ^  °" 

Undetermined  ingredients  and  lo88 3  90 

100  00 

This  ore  contains  small  pieces  of  kaolinite,  a  soft,  greasy- 
feelict  "!  ^eral,  usually  white  or  a  pinkish  color,  and  composed 
of  a  h>  ijous  silicate  of  alumina. 


mm0gg///g//igm''^'m'f^mm^i 


^•g-M;«g(>f^igti0m'>^s}w\'»>^'m'^^^^^^ 


w  nrtw 


230 


MINES  AND  FDBNACES  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOR. 


A  satnpk  of  the  Republic  mine  ore  gave  by  analysis  : 
Metallic  iron - 69  58 

Oxygen  combined  with  iron . 29  82 

IiiHoluble  residue 44 

Undetermined  ingredients  and   low 16 

kkToo 
This  will  give  an  average  for  the  charge  of  65x24  per  cent, 
of  metallic  iron. 

An  analysis  of  the  limestone  (L.  S.)  afforded  : 

Carb.  of  lime - —  49  10 

Carb.  of  iron 43 

Corb.   of  magnesia       .   . 4100 

Silica - - 8  80 

Loss,  etc., _  67 

ioo~oo 

A  portion  of  the  iron  should  be  estimated  as  a  peroxide,  as 
may  be  seen  by  a  slight  discoloration  (reddish)  of  the  limestone. 

An  analysis  of  the  cinder  gave : 

Silica 64 

Alumini _-  17  40 

Protoxide  of  iron 1  26 

- —  17 


Lime- 


60 


Magnesia ---     7  90 

Alkalies,  loss,  etc 1  64 

lob'oo 
It  will   be  seen  that  the  ingredients  of  the  cinder  are  very 
well  proportioned  for  making  foundry  iron. 

The  quality  of  the  iron  produced  was  179  tons  of  an  opened 
grained  No.  1  foundry,  33  tons  of  No.  2  foundry,  and  18  tons  of 
No.  3.  The  amount  of  charcoal  used  was  a  traction  over  100 
bushels  to  the  ton  of  iron  made.  The  furnace  worked  very  free, 
and  did  not  act  as  if  it  was  at  all  pushed.  It  require'  but  very 
little  "working  out,"  except  "breaking  up"  tBe  fire  after  casting. 
This  is,  for  a  charcoal  furnace  with  a  nine  foot  bosh,  the  best 
week's  work  on  record  in  this  country  or  abroad. — Mining  Jour. 
THE  BANCROFT  FURNACE, 

Now  owned  by  the  Bancroft  Iron  Company,  is  situated  on  Dead 
river,  about  four  miles  from  Marquette,  and  was  built  in  1860 
by  S.  R.  Gay,  Esq.  The  first  account  we  have  of  it  is  in  1861, 
in  which  year  the  shipments  were  reported  at  2,430  tons.  We 
are  able  to  give  a  statement  of  the  product  of  the  furnace  for 
every  year  except  1864-5,  of  which  the  records  were  destroyed 
in  the  fire  of  1868.  The  following  is  the  table,  estimating  the 
vears  referred  to : 


Year.  Gross  tons. 

1861 6,430 

1862 — 2,802 

1863 2,626 

1864  (estimated) —3,000 

1866  (estimated) 2,700 

1866- 2,451 

1867 — 3,246 


Year. 
1868-. 
1869- 
1870.. 
1871.. 
1872- 


Gross  tons. 

3,800 

3,407 

3,710 

3,860 

4,260 


Total- 38,261 


^i^.r/^'it.V**  ■ 


unii^ 


■■■V 


R. 


raw : 

—  69  58 

—  29  82 
44 

— 16 

100  00 
24  per  cent. 


—  49  10 

43 

41  00 

8  80 

67 

100  00 
peroxide,  as 
le  limestone. 

—  64  40 
-.-  17  40 

—  1  26 

—  17  60 
--  7  90 
— __1_M 

100  00 
ider  are  very 

of  an  opened 
nd  18  tons  of 
ion  over  100 
ked  very  free, 
ire'  but  very 
after  casting, 
bosh,  the  beet 
Mining  Jour. 

ited  on  Dead 
buiit  in  1860 
it  is  in  1861, 
!0  tons.  We 
3  furnace  for 
ire  destroyed 
timating  the 

QroM  tons. 

- 3,800 

3,407 

- 3,710 

3,860 

4,260 

38,261 


■^C*": 


rsf:- 


BflNKR  AND  FURNACFA  OF  LAKE  SUPBBIOB. 


231 


The  product  of  this  furnace  for  1872  amounted  to  4,250  tons, 
4,006  tons  of  which  were  shipped. 

In  ..he  fall  of  1871,  this  furnace  was  rebuilt,  and  a  20.r()ot 
turret  of  iron  put  on  th  :<  top  A  new  casting  and  top-house  was 
also  constructed,  the  hot  blast  enlarged,  and  a  new  lining  and 
hearth  put  into  the  stack,  so  that  her  product  was  increased  400 
tons  over  any  former  year.  She  was  very  carefully  managed, 
and  will  do  still  better,  as  the  company  have  purchased  consid- 
erable additional  wood  lanH  and  added  eight  45-cord  charcoal 
kilns  to  iheir  coal  capacity,  to  avoid  the  contingency  which  too 
often  occurs,  of  being  short  of  fuel. 

The  officers  of  the  Bancroft  Iron  Company  are  now  as  fol- 
lows :  Peter  White,  of  Marquette,  President ;  Samuel  L.  Mather, 
Cleveland,  Ohio,  Treasurer ;  J.  C.  Morse,  Marquette,  Secretary 
and  manager. 

THE  CHAMPION  FURNACE 

Is  about  thirty-two  miles  west  of  Marquette,  near  the  east  end  of 
Lake  Michigammi,  and  on  the  line  of  the  M.  &  O.  K.  R.  It 
was  built  bv  the  Morgan  Iron  Company,  and  went  into  blast  on 
the  4th  of  f)ecember,  1867.  Made  the  first  year,  in  a  run  often 
months,  4,282  gross  tons  of  metal. 

This  furnace  has  made  a  splendid  record  for  herself — the 
best,  probably,  of  any  in  the  district.  Though  out  of  blast  two 
months  during  the  time,  she  made  in  1869,  5,560  tons  of  metal — 
an  increase  of  1,278  tons.  Her  average  daily  product  during 
the  year  was  Hi  tons — though  for  the  last  four  months  it  was 
very  nearly  20  tons.  She  made  during  the  time  the  largest 
weeks  work  of  any  charcoal  furnace  of  the  same  size  on  record, 
b*'ing  no  less  than  171  tons  of  first-class  metal — an  average  of 
25  tons  per  day.  Her  last  year's  make  was  accomplished  with  a 
mixture  of  Lake  Superior  hematite  and  the  other  three-fifths 
Champion  slate  and  magnetic  ores,  and  an  average  of  70  lbs.  of 
flux.  The  average  yield  of  these  mixed  ores  was  64  71  per  cent, 
and  the  average  amount  of  coal  103  bushels.  The  following  is  a 
summary  of  tne  product  for  the  fiive  yeare  the  furnace  has  been 
in  operation : 


Year. 

1868 

1869 - 

1870 

1871 — 


Gross  tons. 

4,282 

6,560 

6,576 

6,094 


Year.                               Gross  tons. 
1872 — 5,006 


Total 26,518 


The  furnace  is  under  the  immediate  supervision  of  J.  R. 
Case,  of  whose  efficiency  sufficient  evidence  is  found  in  the  figures 
given. 

There  is  a  considerable  village  at  and  around  the  furnace, 
the  company  having  a  large  store  and  warehouse,  and  about 
forty  buildings  for  the  use  of  employes.  It  is  a  point  of  consid- 
erable interest,  being  but  a  short  distance  trom  the  east  end  of 


n 


^-H 


'-"■^tT:t'g-^;^'gr?J4^?Vi;'^'-'^'' *'*jy' 


^•E.,.:) 


232 


MINES  AND  FUBNACE8  OF  LAKE   8UPEB10B. 


Lake  Michigamini,  one  of  the  most  beautiful  an<l  picturesque  of 
the  sparkling,  fresh  water  gems  with  which  the  Upper  Peninsula 
is  studded. 

tub:  deer  lake  vurnace 

Was  commenced  in  the  summer  of  1868,  and  went  into  blast 
about  the  Ist  of  September  of  that  year.  It  is  owned  by  a  num- 
ber of  gentlemen  who  reside  at  Norwich,  Connecticut,  whose 
interests  here  are  repre8ente<l  by  Mr.  Ward.  The  furnace  is  the 
smallest  in  the  district,  and  consequently  can  not  be  expected  to 
present  the  same  array  of  figures  as  some  of  the  older  and  larger 
ones.  The  furnace  is  run  on  a  strictly  moral  plan,  being  "  shut 
down"  regularly  on  .Saturday  nights,  making  no  iron  on  Hundays. 

The  total  product  of  the  furnace  for  the  four  yeiir-s  she  ha.s 
been  in  oja-ration  is  given  at  10,553  tons.  About  450  tons  of 
this  was  made  during  the  last  four  months  of  1868,  showing  the 
product  for  1869  to  have  been  a  little  over  2,500  tons,  the  same 
amount  being  reported  for  1870. 

Late  in  the  summer  of  1872  the  iron  bn)ke  out  through  the 
arch,  onthe  left  side,  under  the  tuyere,  and  set  fire  to  the  blowing 
house.  The  fire  was  soon  communicated  to  the  casting  and  top 
honse.and  consumed  them,  leaving  the  premises  a  complete  wreck, 
with  nothing  but  the  stone  stack  and  hot  blaat  remaining.  With 
characteristic  energy,  Mr.  C.  H.  Hull,  managing  agent,  com- 
menced clearing  away  the  debris  before  the  flames  had  ceased  to 
act  upon  the  larger  timbers,  and  having  succeeded  in  drawing 
the  charge  without  permitting  a  salamander,  he  had  the  build- 
ings reconstructed  and  the  furnace  at  work  before  the  expiration 
of  five  weeks. 

BAY  FURNACE. 

The  quantity  of  iron  produced  at  the  Bay  furnace  last  year 
was  4,900  tons,  4,339  tons  of  which  were  shipped. 

A  second  stack  was  built  during  the  season,  and  went  into 
blast  on  the  1st  of  December.  It  is  an  iron  shell,  on  columns, 
10  feet  in  the  boshes,  and  46  feet  high — the  same  size  as  No.  1. 
It  is  supplied  with  a  steam  hoist,  as  also  a  water  hoist,  either  of 
which  can  be  used,  according  to  convenience.  The  boilers, 
blowers,  and  all  the  rest  of  the  iron  work  of  this  furnace  were 
made  at  the  Bay  foundry,  Marijuette,  being  the  first  furnace 
built  entirely  in  tiiis  district — and  it  is  regarded  as  good  work  in 
every  particular. 

Twenty-two  new  coal  kilns  were  built  to  add  sufficient  sup- 
ply of  fuel  for  No.  2.  About  4,700  tons  of  ore  is  en  the  docks 
for  the  joint  use  of  both  furnaces  during  the  winter. 

The  shipping  accommodations  are  very  good,  there  being  a 
dock  1,000  feet  long,  with  a  front  nf  400  feet  on  Hi  feet  of 
water,  which  is  not  disturbed  by  rough  weather,  except  in  cases 
of  the  most  severe  nor'-westers. 

The  company  own  20,000  acres  of  land  in  the  neighborhood 


.•"ajTiTi-it  a.if  .'^^.j.fci'j'iWBM 


?,^-^\ 


-r 


^-^BH""^™ 


OB. 


JUNfc.8   AND   FUBNACE8   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOB. 


233 


ictureaque  of 
ler  Peninsula 


it  into  blast 
sd  by  a  num- 
;ticut,  whose 
uriiace  in  the 
e  expected  to 
er  and  largir 
,  being  "  shut 
1  on  Sundays. 
|rear.s  siie  lias 
450  t(»n8  ol' 
,  showing  tlie 
unf,  the  !>anic 

;  through  the 
o  the  blowing 
iting  and  top 
raplete  wreck, 
ining.  With 
;  agent,  coin- 
had  ceased  to 
d  in  drawing 
ad  the  build- 
the  expiration 


ace  la»t  year 

,nd  went  into 
,  on  columns, 
size  as  No.  1. 
oist,  either  of 
The  boilers, 
furnace  were 
3  first  furnace 
I  good  work  in 

sufficient  sup- 

i  on  the  docks 

sr. 

there  being  a 

m  lli  feet  of 

xcept  in  cases 

neighborhood 


of  the  furnaces,  on  Grand  Island  Bay,  which  is  valuable  alike 
for  its  timber,  for  coal  and  lumber.  A  State  road  has  been 
worked  toward  Marquette,  which  will  be  completed  the  coming 
season.     The  distance  is  40  miles. 

The  following  is  the  product  of  this  location  ; 

Year.  '^°"*- 

1071  .-.-. 3,597 

mL:::::::::::::::-.:: - - 4.900 


Total, 


8,497 


The  officers  and  management  of  the  company  remain  as  be- 
fore. ,         ~   . 

The  company  has  52  brick  and  stone  kilns,  of  size  ensuring 
constant  supply  of  charcoal  for  both  furnaces.  Both  furnaces 
are  run  on  the  red  specular  ores,  and  make  a  speciality  of  iron 
adapted  to  steel  rails  and  car  wheels. 

The  entire  machinery— boilers,  hot  blasts  and  shi  11  stack  for 
these  furnaces  was  built' by  the  Iron  Bay  Foundry, of  Marquette, 
D.  H.  Merritt  proprietor,  and  are  in  every  department  equal  to 
the  best  eastern  work. 

WHERE  THE  ORES  GO. 

The  largest  portion  of  our  ores  go  to  Cleveland,  whence  they 
are  re-shipped  to  the  coal  fields  of  the  Mahoning  and  Shenango 
valleys,  by  railroad.  The  freight  from  Cleveland  to  Youngs- 
town  is  about  81,  to  Pittsburg,  82.  About  one  hundred  furnaces 
in  Ohio  and  Pennsylvania  use  Lake  Superior  ore,  while  nearly 
all  the  charcoal  furnaces  in  the  Northwest  are  supplied  from  our 
niinesy  The  number  of  furnaces  is  rapidly  multiplying— the 
new  ones  built  in  1869  increasing  the  demand  for  Lake  Superior 
ore  by  at  least  100,000  tons. 

THE  MARKET 
For  our  ore  is  not  confined  to  the  Lake  Erie  ports,  though  they 
have  hitherto  taken  the  great  bulk  of  the  product.    Our  market 
place  is  the  entire  great  West. 

The  day  is  forever  past  when  iron  manufacturers  east  ot  the 
Alleghanies  will  furnish  the  west  with  iron.  They  have  ceased 
to  do  80.  Henceforth  75,000  out  of  every  100,000  tons  of  iron 
ore  that  goes  to  the  coal  fields  west  of  the  Alleghanies  for  man- 
ufacture will  be  from  Lake  Superior,  while  90,000  out  of  every 
100  000  tons  of  iron  used  in  the  West  will  have  been  produced 
west  of  them.  Then  consider  the  present  population  of  the 
West— some  15,000,000— the  rate  at  which  it  is  being  augment- 
ed—the commercial  facilities  which  exist  to  foster  and  encour- 
age manufactures  and  the  mechanic  arts— the  numerous  rail- 
roads that  must  still  be  constructed,  and  the  ten  thousand  other 
imp)PO\  ements  that  are  rapidly  developing,  and  which  require 
vast  amounts  of  iron.    Another  year  will  give  us  a  new  outlet 


-^-^^smmm^s^is'smmf^f^^m^  u.,,,.,.i^..,  .^iva-^^^ 


,^gm^^ 


"^ 


234 


MINEH   AND   FUBNACES   OF   LAKE   BUPEBIOB. 


throngh  the  western  extremity  of  Lake  Superior,  and  the  con- 
struction of  the  Northern  Pacific  Railroad,  which  is  sure  to 
come,  will  lead  to  the  building  of  huiidruv^s  of  lurnpces  in  the 
heavily  timbered  country  that  will  thus  be  o[»ened  up  to  trade 
and  commerce.  When  we  look  at  these  facts,  the  question  of 
market  is  forever  settled.  Then,  in  the  course  of  human  events, 
Lake  Superior  iron  is  going  to  Europe.  With  some  this  may  ex- 
cite a  smile,  but  ere  long  the  fact  will  be  realized, since,  forcer- 
tain  important  uses,  it  has  no  equal  in  the  world. 

STOCKS  AND  DIVIDENDS. 

The  stocks  of  the  iron  mining  and  smelting  companies  are 
not  offered  in  the  market,  the  owners  being  perfectly  satisfied  to 
keep  them  ;  nor  are  their  profits  and  disbursements  officially 
made  public.  Unlike  most  other  Lake  Superior  stocks,  those  of 
our  iron  mines  have  never  been  heard  of  in  the  stock  markets, 
from  which  facts  the  uninitiated  infer  they  are  barren  of  re- 
sults. The  contrary,  however,  is  the  fact.  They  are  so  highly 
appreciated  by  those  who  hold  them,  that  they  are  not  only  kept 
from  stock  boards,  but  are  seldom  heard  of  on  the  streets  even. 
Such  is  the  faith  of  those  who  hold  them,  that  they  are  not  dis- 
poned to  part  with  them  under  any  circumstances,  having  no- 
thing as  a  permanent  investment  that  can  and  will  bring  them 
so  sure  and  safe  a  return  This  being  the  case,  the  holders  do 
not  care  to  brag  on  their  dividends  abroad,  but  prefer  rather  to 
quietly  share  them.  All  the  mines  now  working  will  pay  divi- 
dends the  present  year. 

We  doubt  whether,  in  view  of  all  these  facts,  there  is  an  in- 
terest in  the  United  States  that  promise  better  and  surer  returns 
for  a  long  series  of  years,  than  the  mining  and  smelting  of  iron 
ores  in  this  district.  And,  in  conclusion,  we  may  safely  add, 
that,  considering  the  magnitude  of  its  mineral  wealth,  the  time 
is  near  at  hand  when  the  iron  district  of  Lake  Superior  will  as- 
sume a  front  rank  in  the  sublime  destiny  of  the  great  and  grow- 
ing West, 


We  are  indebted  to  Swineford's  HJRtory  of  the  "Lake  Superior  Iron 
DUtrict  for  1870-71-72,"  for  the  foregoing  short  sketcheH  of  Dome  of  the 
principal  Iron  mines  of  this  region,  and  also  the  following  RtatisticR  re- 
garding the  shipinentfl  of  ore,  etc.  The  above  histcry,  with  Hp|>endixes, 
contain  a  very  full  and  correct  account  of  all  the  mines,  as  published  by 
Mining  Journal,  Marquette,  Mich.  Price,  SI, 00. — Compiler  of  Beards  Li- 
rectory. 


BMBH*BiaiM»«Sb^MBMidn<MWAM«laMH 


— •- ■ mmmtmftfnmimn  Mm    r  i.- 


ind  the  con- 
is  sure  to 
ip.ues  in  the 
up  to  trade 
question  of 
iman  events, 
[this  may  ex- 
lince,  forcer- 


Dmpaniee  are 
y  satisfied  to 
nts  officially 
)ck3,  those  of 
ock  markets, 
)arren  of  re- 
re  so  hiehly 
lot  only  kept 
streets  even, 
are  not  dis- 
I,  having  no- 
1  bring  them 
le  bolderH  do 
ifer  rather  to 
v\U  pay  divi- 

lere  is  aa  in- 
surer returns 
siting  of  iron 
safely  add, 
Jth,  the  time 
erior  will  as- 
at  and  grow- 


Superior  Iron 
of  Rome  of  the 
I  BtatiHticR  re- 
h  ap|)€ndix8(i, 
I  piibliahed  by 
o/  Beards  £1- 


MINES   AND    PTTRNACEH   OP   IJ^KE   8UPERI0U.  235 


The  following  table  exhibits  in  gross  and  net  tons  the  amount 
of  iron  oreshipped  from  the  Lake  Superior  mines  during  the  season 
of  1872,  together  with  its  total  value  at  $6  per  ton,  gross  : 


MINES. 


Jackaon 

New  York-.. 

Cleveland 

Lake  Superior. 

Champion 

Lake  Angeline- 

Barnum 

WaHhinj^ton 

Edwards 

Haginaw 

New  £)ng<and.- 

Cascade .. 

Silas  C.  Smith.. 

McCombcr 

Foster 

Winthrop 

Negaunee- 

Marquette 

Republic . 

Marquette  and  Pacific  Rolling  Mill- 
Allen - - 

Grand  Centra! 

Wilcox  <x|Hagaley ^ 

Mather 

Green  Bay . 

Franklin 1 - 

Albion 

Pittsburgh  and  Lake  .Superior 

Michigan — 

Quartz 

Excelsior . 

Williams 

Iron  Cliff  Red  Ore 

Shenango 

PendilL  — . — - --- 

Michigammi 

Carr 

Shelden 


Total - 952,055  I,066,297l$5,712,330 


Gross 
tonn. 

118.842 

68,050 

162,607 

185,070 

68,405 

35  221 

38,381 

38,841 

26,026 

19,160 

17,466 

36,069 

13,445 

24,153 

18,139 

14,2.39 

6,897 

11,924 

11.026 

6,772 

8.707 

9,925 

4,426 

2,288 

7,633 

2,007 

1,100 

1,160 

1,227 

718 

756 

447 

545 

197 

127 

141 

18 

7 


Net  tons. 

iliSlos 

77.224 

170,919 

207  279 

76,613 

39  407 

42,992 

43,506 

29,149 

21,461 

19,560 

39,278 

15,058 

27,051 

20,316 

16  946 

7,725 

13,356 

12,348 

7,583 

9,751 

11,616 

4,957 

2,512 

8,548 

2,248 

1,232 

1,298 

1,.374 

804 

846 

555 

610 

217 

142 

158 

21 

8 


Value. 


712,052 

413,700 

914,442 

,110,420 

410,430 

211,326 

230,186 

233,046 

216,026 

114,960 

104,790 

210,414 

80,070 

144,918 

108,834 

85,434 

41,382 

71,544 

66,150 

40,632 

62,242 

69,950 

26,666 

13,368 

45,798 

12,042 

6.600 

6,960 

7,362 

4,308 

4,636 

2,682 

.3,270 

1,182 

782 

846 

108 

42 


ft 


f 


ggJi!«S#asgJ.w^sg.;.v.'Sg;j5^-.'. 


236 


MIKEH  AMD   FUBNA0E8  OF  LAKE  SUPERIOB. 


The  folluwitiK  table  hHowb  the  total  product  of  the  Lake  Su- 
perior furnaces  from  1858  to  1872,  iucluaive: 

Furnace.  Grow  tons. 

Pioneer - 64,697 

Northern - --15,0«8 

Collin* - 40,949 

Michigan - -27,346 

Greenwood - - —29,352 

Morgan - — 36,991 

Bancroft— _ - 88,261 

Champion —- _ 26,666 

JackHon — 34,242 

Schoolcraft - — 10,067 

Deer  Lake - - -10,663 

Bay - 11,996 

Marquette  and  Pacific  (pig  metal) - 6,942 

Marquette  and  Pacific  (muck  bar  and  merchant  iron) 999 

Lake  Superior  Co.'b  Peat  furnace 200 

ToUl • 367,880 

The  following  is  a  statement  in  gross  tons  of  the  production 
of  ore  and  pig  iron  in  this  district  from  1856  to  1872,  inclusive, 
together  with  the  aggregate  value  : 


TKAR. 


1856.- 
1857- 
1858- 
1859- 
1860- 
1861- 
1862- 
1863- 
1864- 
1865- 
1866- 
1867- 
1868- 
1869- 
1870- 
1871- 
1862- 


Iron  Ore. 


7,000 

21,000 

31,035 

65,679 

116,908 

45,430 

115,721 

186,267 

2.%,123 

196,256 

ls96,972 

466,076 

607,813 

633,238 

856,47 

813,379 

972,055 


Pig 
Iron. 


Total 5,537,373  357,880  5,903,803  44,373,833 


1,629 

7,258 

5,660 

7,970 

8,590 

9,813 

13,832 

12,283 

18.437 

30,911 

38,240 

39,003 

49,298 

51,225 

63,195 


Ore  and 
I'ig  Iron. 


7,000 

21,000 

32,661 

72,937 

122,668 

63,400 

124,311 

195,070 

248,956 

207,539 

315,309 

496,987 

546,069 

672,241 

904,319 

864,604 

1,015,250 


Value. 

5  28,000 

60,000 

249,202 

575629 

736,496 

419.501 

984  977 

1,416,935 

1,867,215 

1,590,430 

2,405,960 

3,475.820 

3,992,413 

4,968,436 

0,300,170 

6,115,895 

9,188,056 


^—  .T_»   l^V-JM.*-!  W-  fT-»-ft-'t>»'l»  'tivlwf.*! 


X  r^      <»%.  f^  ' 


-W€^.VU    S5-  -''*  **'      ^^^ 


MINK8  AND  FUBMACE8  OF  LAKE  8UPBRI0R. 


237 


he  Lake  Su- 


QruM  tons. 

64,697 

15,068 

40,949 

-27,346 

29,352 

36,991 

88,261 

25,666 

34,242 

10,067 

10,663 

11,996 

6,942 

999 

200 

367,880 

)  production 
2,  inclusive, 


nd 

Value. 

•oil. 

ouo 

$  28,000 

000 

60,000 

661 

249,202 

m 

575529 

668 

736,496 

400 

419,601 

311 

984  977 

070 

1,416,935 

955 

1,867,215 

539 

1,590,430 

309 

2,405,960 

987 

3,475.820 

059 

3,992,413 

241 

4,968,436 

319 

6,300,170 

604 

6,115,895 

250 

9,188,056 

803 

44,373,833 

The  following  table  exhibits  the  total  product  of  the  several 
furnaces  for  the  year  1872,  together  with  the  value  : 


^URHACn. 


Orow  tona. 


Pioneer — 

ColJin* - 

Michigan 

Oreenwood 

Bancroft 

Morgan 

Champion 

Deer  Lake ■> 

Jackson 

Schoolcraft 


Marquette  &  Pacific  Roiling  Mill  (Pig) 

Marquette  &  Pacific  KoUing  Mill  (Muck  Bar). 
Lake  Superior  Cktmpanjr's  Rit  Furnace 


Value. 


6,985 

3,431 

4,001 

4,212 

4,260 

4,356 

6,006 

2,720 

10,080 

2,600 

4,900 

4,332 

622 

200 


Toul. 


384,176 
188,705 
220,085 
231,660 
233,760 
239,580 
276,330 
149,600 
564,400 
137,500 
269,600 
238,260 
49,760 
11,000 


63,196  t  3,476.726 


The  iron  traffic  for  1872,  was  divided  between  two  railways 
as  follows : 

lEON  OEE. 

Over  M.,  H.  &  O.  B.  B — 464,912 

Over  C.  A  N.  W.  R.  R -  488,686 


Difference  in  favor  of  C.  A  N.  W.  R.  R 

PIG  IRON. 


33,774 


Over  M.,  H.  A  O.  R.  R 28,991 

Over  CAN.  W.R.  R -- - - 9.16» 


Difference  in  favor  of  M.,  H.  A  O.  R,  R- 

Total  ore  and  pig  iron  over  C.  A  N.  W.  R.  R— 
Total  ore  and  pig  iron  over  M.,  H.  AO.  R.  R— 


—  19,825 

—  497,852 
483,903 


Totol  Bhipmento 981,756 

With   a  difference  of  13,949  tons  in  favor  of  the  C.  &  N.  W. 
R.  R, 


PiWjytJinwi''' '"">'■  ''■"'"'"' ' 


HOMES  AND   FtTRNAOKS  OF  LAKE   8nt>ERIOR. 


The  following  table  exhibits  in  grow  tons  the  total  product 
of  each  mine  from  1856  to  1862,  inclusive: 

MinM.  OroM  tona. 

Jackaon 1,197,226 

CleveUnd - - 1,026,201 

Marquette - 62,998 

Lake  Huperlor.- — 1,276,919 

New  York - -  460,780 

Lake   Angeline - 296,747 

Edward* _ 121,077 

Iron  Mountain _— -— 16,594 

Barnum — - 120,977 

FoBter 73.781 

New  England- _ - i- - 108,809 

Wanhington 308,919 

Champion 234,867 

Caacade.--- _ 39,240 

Orand  Central 14,766 

McComber - 44,163 

Parsong - - 1,896 

Winlhrop - 26,027 

riaginaw - - 19,160 

Negaunee —  - 11,687 

Iron  Cliflk  red  ore 874 

8.  C.  Smith - -- 13,446 

Republic -- - 11,026 

M.  &  P.  Rolling  Mill - 6.772 

Allen 8,707 

Wilcox  &  Bagaley - 4,426 

Mather - -- 2,288 

Green  Bay - 7,633 

Franklin - 2,007 

Albion - 1,100 

PitUiburg  &  Lake  Superior 1,160 

Michigan - - 1,227 

Quart* .- - 718 

Excelsior—. -- .- 766 

WUIiams -- - 447 

Shenango 197 

Pendill - - - 127 

Michigamme 141 

Carr- - — 18 

Hariow 83 

Sheldon - — - — 7 

Total 6,667,373 


»R. 


)tal   product 


GroM  Ion*. 
.  1,197,226 
.  1,026,261 
,.       62,998 
..   1,276,919 
..     460,780 
..     296,747 
..     121,077 
..       16.594 
..      120,977 
.       73.781 
..      108,809 
..     308,919 
..     234,867 
39,240 
14,766 
44,163 
1,896 
26,027 
19,160 
11,687 
874 
13,446 
11,026 
6.772 
8,707 
4,426 
2,288 
7,633 
2,007 
1,100 
1,160 
1,227 
718 
756 
447 
197 
127 
141 
18 
83 
7 

—  6.667.373 


MINBH    AND   Kl!HNArK8   Of   LAKE   HUPEBIOH. 


239 


THE  ORE  8111PMENT8. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  Hhipmenta  of  iron  ore  and 
pig  iron  from  Marquette  for  one  week  in  August,  1873,  and  the 
total  shipments  thus  far  this  season: 


COMPAHY. 


/rw»  Or«. 


CleTeland 

Lake  Superior 

Champion 

Lake  Angeline--- 

WaKhington 

Edwartln— -- 

toComber 

inthrop -- 

mblic 

Albion..- 

KeyKtone 

Shenanffo. 

Himrou  liematite. 
Bart  Hematite — 
Kloman --- 


Xl 


IS^ 


a. 


41,463 

t)7,778 

3l.3',i9 

o,197 

I9,")76 

18,4i)« 

15,4:io 

1,9911 

37,9H2 

9.')4 

5  709 

3748 

1.077 

3,088 

9,818 


Total - —  - 

Pig  Iron. 

Champion   farcace 

Morgan   furnace 

Michigan  furnace 

Greenwood   furnace 

Bancroft  furnace 

Grace  furnace "--- 

(Jollins  furnace 

Iron  Cliff  furnace 

M.  &  P.  Rolling   Mill 


263,587 

l,8"o 
1,H04 
1,683 
1,127 
1,747 
2,288 

483 
60 

100 


1.8331 

2.461' 
930  i 

1,103 

1.883! 

l.«-,i8| 
263 1 

6,869 
232 
42;^ 


128 
1,304 


Total - — - 11.167 


Total  ore  and  pig  iron— - 274.754   26.798  301  552 


24,900 

,H42 
91 

'87 
743 
180 
455 


43  296 
73.611 
33  79«t 

6.132 
20.67H 
20,376 
17.<I6S 

2.259 

44  81)1 
1,186 
6,132 
3,748 
1,077 
3,216 

11,121 

288,487 


2,217 
1 ,895 
1683 
1,214 
2.490 
2,468 

938 
60 

100 


1.898  13,065 


eiimsm^M-'S"^*^''" 


Y>> 


(I 


1 


m    .1 


J 


238 


MIMES  AKD  FUBMAOES   OF  LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


The  following  table  exhibits  in  gross  tons  the  total  p- 
of  each  mine  from  185G  to  1862,  inclusive; 


Juct 


Mines.  Qrom  tons. 

Jackston--- - 1,197,226 

Cleveltiad.— - -- 1,026,261 

Marquette .-- - 62,r  8 

Lake  Superior — - 1,275,919 

New  York— - -— 450,780 

Lake   Angeline 295,747 

Edwards _ — 121,077 

Iron  Mountain 16,594 

Barnum 126,977 

Foster - - 73,781 

New  England- -- — i 108,809 

Washington — —  308,919 

Champion- 234,8C7 

Cascade -  — 39,240 

Grand  Central 14,755 

McComber - 44,153 

Parsons - - - 1,896 

Winthrop - - 25,087 

Saginaw 19,180 

Negauneo - 11,687 

Iron  Cliffs  led  ore 874 

8.  C.  Smith- 13,446 

Republic 11,025 

M.  &  P.  RolJing  Mill— - 6.772 

Allen 8,707 

Wilcox  &  Bagaley - 4,426 

Mather 2,288 

Green  Bay — 7,633 

Franklin — 2,007 

Albion — - — — —  1,100 

Pitt«burg  <&  Lake  Superior 1,160 

Michigan 1,227 

Quartz - 718 

Excelsior 768 

Williams 447 

Shenango 197 

Pendill -  127 

Michigarame 141 

Carr 18 

Harlow 83 

Sheldon- - 7 

ToUl — _  6,667.373 


-^.-.^- 


»»,.       -     .,.1i.)u-,..-,w.. 


■■/v-*^'"^^'*''^'''' 

"#>^^.- 


■■ 


■■ 


1 


BDPEBIOB. 


ns  the  total  p**  Juct 


Gro88  tons. 

-  1,197,225 

-  1,025,261 

52,(  8 

-  1,275,919 

-  450,780 
.-  295,747 
.-  121,077 
--       16,594 

-  126,977 

-  73,781 
.      108,809 

-  308,919 

-  234,8C7 

39,240 

14,755 

44,153 

1,896 

25,037 

19,180 

11,687 

874 

13,445 

11,025 

6.772 

8,707 

4,426 

2,288 

7,633 

2,007 

1,100 

1,160 

1,227 

718 

756 

447 

197 

127 

141 

18 

83 

7 

-  6,667.373 


MINES   AND   FUBNACE8   OF   LAKE   SUPERIOR. 


239 


THE  ORE  SHIPMENTS. 

The  following  ia  a  atalement  of  the  shipments  of  iron  ore  and 
pig  iron  from  Marquette  for  one  week  in  August,  1873,  and  the 
total  Bhipments  thua  far  this  season: 


COMPANY. 


Ir<m  Ore. 


Cleveland 

Lake  Superior 

Champion 

Lake  Angeline — 

Wachington 

Eklwanls 

McComber 

Wintiirop 

Republic 

Albion 

Keystone 

Shenango 

Himrod  hematite. 

Burt   Hematite 

Kioman 


Total. 


Pig  Iron. 

Champion    furnace 

Morgan    furnace 

Michigan  furnace 

Greenwood   furnace 

Bancroft  furnace 

Grace  furnace " 

Collins  furnace 

Iron  Cliff  furnace 

M.  &  P.  Rolling   Mill 


Toul- 


Total  ore  and  pig  iron 274,754 


ii 

eek. 

•=" 

> 

?  a. 

^S 

'k 

a,« 

a. 

41,463 

1.833 

67,773 

5,83« 

31.329 

2,461 

.1,197 

935 

I9,')76 

1,103 

18.403 

i'.883 

15,435 

1,628 

1,99() 

263 

37,932 

6,809 

9.J4 

232 

5  709 

42;5 

3  748 

.  _  . 

1,077 



3,088 

128 

9,818 

1,304 

263,587 

24,900 

1,875 

342 

1,804 

91 

1,683 

1.127 

87 

1,747 

13 

2,288 

180 

483 

455 

60 



100 
11,167 

... 

1,898 

274,75-J 

26,798 

I 


43  296 
73.611 
33790 

fi.132 
20.678 
20,376 
17.063 

2,259 

44  801 
1.186 
6,132 
3,748 
1,(77 
3,216 

11,121 

288,487 

2,217 
1 .895 
1683 
1,214 
2,490 
2,468 

938 
60 

100 

13,065 


■Si 


■^ 


•■-'  ■■^■'i^T'Jr»*?J';^!^yyr'^M-y ■;*  V  .i;  ■Iffltf'.t  -^  '.l**  !i" ''  "^  ■' 


'?**'^*!*^7»JSH?fWW^** 


.(f^.... 


m«MNM3M 


L^ 


wstsmmm 


240 


MINES   AND   FUBNA0E8   OF   LAKE   SDPEWOB. 


The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  shipments  of  iron  ore  and 
Dig  iron,  from  the  port  of  Escan  iba,  up  to  and  including  the 
20th  day  of  August,  1873 


Mine. 


IRON  Oli'^. 

Gro88  ton«. 

Sw  Yo'rk  -7.- 38,803 

Cleveland .-- *0'«^2 

Angeline ff^ 

Cascade - -- - — —  1^,988 

McComber ~ ?'*"! 

Grand  Central -■ -- - ^'p.^ 


Rmith. 
Green    Bay. 


„.^..    -.- ^32 

Wi^thr^"'/".-V-T- - 13.577 

Wilcox  3k  By «.36fl 

Section  18 — — —     J^* 

Fmma  —        —        - — _— - - — - o,\)'kZ 

P.  &  LrsV-'Ji:.-""---"-"."-... — - - 11,960 

Carr -- ]'l^ 

Saginaw——-- -—  18-»^^ 

Burt  Hemaiito— — ">;'»' 

Howeii  Hoppock - _h^f 

Total  iron  ore 315,177 

PIG  IRON. 

D^^rTakVr™  "_"."'---- - - — -     l',990 

EBcanaba  Eurnace l?o 

Total  pig  iron b,F>92 

ToUl  jre  and  pig  iron 320,769 

Statement  of  shipments  from  the  port  of  L'Anse  up  to  and 
including  August  20, 1873  : 

Spurr  Mountain. — -  ^1,230 

Michigamine _'31_ 

Total — - 38,540 

Statement  of  the  toul  uhipments  of  iron  ore  and  pig  iron 
from  the  Lake  Superior  i:on  district  up  to  Aug.  21,  18/3,  (ex- 
clusive of  ore  to  local  furnace)  ; 

IRON  ORE. 

GroRs  tons. 

Marquette —  288,487 

Escanaba - 316,177 

L'Anae JS.^l? 

Total - - --  642,204 

PIG  IRON. 

Marquette - - -     13.0&6 

Escanaba —      6.692 

Total 18,667 

Total  ore  and  pig  iron, 660,861 


**•.«  ^X^' 


evsRssisSPavn 


OR. 


iron  ore  and 
acluding  the 


QrocH  tona. 

67,736 

38,803 

10,662 

18,882 

31,659 

17,297 

14,988 

6,104 

5,223 

7,626 

932 

18,577 

6,366 

794 

6,042 

11,950 

1,431 

1,427 

18,822 

5,297 

_V(239 

316,177 

3,117 

— „-.     1,990 

485 

6.692 

320',769 

ise  up  to  and 

21,230 

n,31() 

58,540 

and  pig  iron 
51,  1873,  (ex- 


Qrofia  tons. 

-  288,487 

-  316,177 

-  ^,640 

-  642,204 

--     18,066 

-  6.692 

•  ■    i?!?5! 
.  .  660,861 


APPENDIX. 


A  STRANGER'S  IMPRESSION  OF  MARQUETTE  a)UNTY. 

The  compiler  of  this,  the  finst  Directory  of  Marquette  county,  feels 
very  loth  to  cut  Ioohc  from  his  readerw  without  recor.liuK  on  these  conclud- 
ing pages  hif<  own  imprensions,  cnule  thuu^h  they  may  oe,  of  this  wonder- 
ful, rich  and  Iwautiful  ri'gion,  located  in  one  of  the  moiit  wonderful,  rich 
and  heautiful  States  of  the  Union. 

Wonderful  for  its  greal  expanse  of  pure  sweet  waters,  magnificent 
scenery,  and  early  as-touiationn.  Rich  in  silver,  copper,  iron  and  other 
minerals,  jiiade  beautiful  in  its  natural  scenery,  splendid  location,  and  the 
purity  and  healthfiiliiess  of  the  prevailing  atmosphere. 

Seated  on  the  verandah  of  Coles'  Lake  View  House,  we  command  a 
range  of  the  spacious  harbor  of  Marquette.  A  harbor  s)00  feet  above  the 
level  of  the  sea,  and  000  feet  ubove  the  cross  which  surmounts  the  spire  of 
Triiiity  church.  New  York.  A  harbor  alive  with  all  manner  of  steam  and 
sail  craft,  which  annually  bear  away  to  the  busy  world  below,  over  a  mill- 
ion tons  of  the  purest  and  richest  .if  iron  ore. 

A  harlwr  that  sends  fofih  every  year  products  equal  in  value  to  the 
foreign  commerce  of  France,  or  Italy.  Listen  to  the  continual  rumbling 
of  the  ore  trains,  (laden  with  the  r'.ch  yields  of  inniunerable  mines  far 
away  into  the  interior, I  as  they  swiftly  follow  one  after  another,  thnxigh 
the  city  out  on  to  the  great  trectle  docks,  into  whose  pockets  they  deposit 
their  precious  burdens,  from  whence  it  is  poured  into  the  hold  of  many 
ves.sels,  and  is  thence  distributed  to  consumers  throughout  the  world.  See 
in  front  of  the  city,  and  along  the  border  of  the  broad  lake  the  blaze  ■ 
great  furnaces,  roaring  night  and  day  with  the  continued  tires  that  redu 
the  ore  to  marketable  iron.  Behold  the  extensive  wharves,  loaded  wii> 
thousands  of  tons  of  coal  and  merchandise  for  home  consun*  'on.  Look 
on  the  fair  city  itself,  the  growth  of  only  a  few  years,  its  .■  .j  churches, 
convenient  school-houses,  substantial  banks,  elegant  residences,  and  attract- 
ive business  houses,  and  after  inhaling  a  draught  of  the  pure  bracing  air, 
you  And  yourself  intoxicated  with  the  many  delightful  and  attractive  sur- 
roundings. 

"  The  stranger  who  arrives  at  Marquette  at  night  would  have  no  diffi- 
culty in  believing  that  he  had  reached  a  stirring  business  town.  A  light- 
house directs  the  mariner  to  the  little  bay,  appropriately  enough  called 
Iron  Bay,  upon  whose  border?  the  city  id  situated.  The  government 
lireakwatei'  that  reachrn  for  a  thousand  feet  across  the  entrance,  had  a  num- 
ber of  lights  to  show  the  situation.  Every  vessel  at  anchor  under  its  shel- 
ter, at  times  renching  the  number  of  fifty,  has  a  lamp  in  the  rigging,  and 
the  long  ore  docks,  high  over  all,  have  rows  of  gas  lights  As  if  this  were 
not  enough  in  the  way  of  illumination,  at  the  right  hand  and  the  left  of  the 
hay  two  gigantic  furnaces  send  forth  from  their  tall  stacks  a  flickering 
flame  that  sheds  a  wave  of  light   far  over  tlie  waters." 

Here  are  located  the  U.  S.  Custom  House,  where  were  registered 
during  the  season  of  1873,  up  to  Sept.  23,  vessels  representing  380,917 
tons.  Adding  to  the  alwve  a  large  number  of  vessels  of  which  no  official 
record  is  kept,  and  we  have  the  tonnage  of  vessels  arriving  at  Marquette 
at  over  400,000  tons. 

The  U.  S.  land  agency  is  also  located  here,  and  under  the  courteous 


K 


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ii.A^lm%.M^.i■.mm'mM;&,mmimmm^ 


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u 


APPENDIX. 


and  able  management  of  Mr.  Ambrone  Campbell,  does  a  large  and  thrivine 
biiHineDM,  The  operatiunH  of  this  otiice  alone  for  ihe  last  tive  yern  would 
niuku  a  very  iniereHting  book. 

Although  Maniuetie,  bh  melropolw  of  the  great  mining  region  of  the 
NorihweHt,  ii<^--atly  interested  in  mineral  pro>luctionH,  yet  there  are  many 
other  brancheH  of  induxtry  w'<-  h  have  grown  and  now  thrive  within  her 
limitH.  Without  any  intention  on  our  part,  or  any  deHire  on  the  part  of  itH 
ciiizenH  to  indulge  in  or  be  the  recipiontH  of  adulatory  puiting,  we  uannot  go 
further  without  mentioning,  for  the  benefit  of  many  readers  who  have  never 
vlitiled  this  region,  an<l  who  denire  ito  to  do.  Home  of  the  enterpriaert  and  in- 
duHtri"tt  of  (he  citizens  of  Marquette.  We  commence  with  a  brief  notice 
of  the  "  Mar(}uette  Kolliiig  Mill  and  Ueecher  Furnace,"  which  we  copy 
from  a  late  number  of  the  Miming  Juuknal. 

MARtiUErrE  AND  PACIFIC  ROLLING  MILL  COMPANY. 

The  plant  of  the  Marquette  and  Pacific  Rolling  Mill  company  embrac- 
er twenty-four  acres  of  land  with  1,400  feet  of  water  front  on  the  bay  of 
Marquette,  with  a  bluMi  furnace,  amuck  bar  train  of  rollit,  a  merchant  bar 
train,  eight  puddling  and  one  heating  furnacen,  a  branch  iruiH.  connection 
with  the  Marquette,  iluughtun  &  Untonagon  railroad,  and  about  live  hun- 
dred feet  of  (lock,  which  extendi*  into  the  bay  and  has  a  goo.l  depth  of 
water  on  both  xideH  for  the  receipt  and  Hhipment  of  freights. 

This  is  a  very  valuable  property,  and  in  its  present  worki-ig  condition 
promiseH  to  become  the  plant  for  a  rail  mill  and  a  nut  and  uoU  factory,  as 
well  as  for  the  manufacture  of  pig  iron  and  muck  and  n  erchant  bar  on 
its  present  scale. 

The  stock  of  the  company  i^  $500,000,  of  which  $247,000  has  been 
paid  and  invested  in  the  works  leaving  $263,000  to  be  sold  if  the  company 
may  think  best.  Last  fall  the  works  were  slopped,  the  furnace  first  con- 
structed having  burned  out.  it  was  a  stone  stack,  of  primitive  style,  but 
it  has  been  re(ilaced  by  a  large  iron  shell  furnace  with  two  Player  hot  blast 
ovens,  each  with  48  pipes,  and  the  simple  hot  blast  formerly  in  use.  The 
arrangement  for  the  use  of  these  ovens  is  inlerchangable,  so  that  one,  two 
or  all  of  them  can  be  used,  as  may  be  desirable,  'ihe  ad>  ntage  of  this 
arrangement  is  am)arent  to  all  furnace  men.  The  work,  in  boiler  capaci- 
ty, Otis  hoist,  and  every  auxiliary  belonging  to  a  furnace  is  first  class,  in 
short  the  old  stack,  with  its  fixtures,  has  Eleen  disposed  of  entirely,  and 
the  new  one  with  its  appliances,  is  of  the  most  modern  style,  and  first 
class.  The  furnace  has  been  in  blast  something  over  three  weeks,  averag- 
ing up  to  Monday  last  twenty-five  tons  of  No.  1  bituminous  foundry  iron 
l>er  day.  This  week  she  has  been  fully  burtheiied  and  promises  hereafter 
to  make  at  least  thirty-five  tons  per  day.  The  name  of  the  furnace  has 
been  changed  to  the  "  Ueecher,"  and  the  work  is  in  charge  of  Mr.  John 
Fisher,  a  founder  who  is  known  as  one  of  the  bcttt  in  the  country. 

THE  ROLLING  MILL. 

This  department  of  the  work  resumed  operations  a  few  days  ago,  Aug. 
1873,  and  has  been  averaging  nine  tons  of  muck  iron  per  day,  with  eight 
furnaces,  though  later  thirteen  tons  were  rolled  at  a  single  turn,  the  'boys' 
having  concluded  to  see  how  the  '  old  thing  would  work  '  put  i'  up  to  il« 
greatest  capacity.  It  is  expected  to  put  thu  department  on  double  turn 
within  a  short  time,  when,  of  course,  the  product  will  be  doubled,  and 
average  neiirly  twenty  tons  per  day. 

The  merchant  train  embraces  some  twenty-four  diflerent  'w  of  iron, 
and  heating  furnaces  will  be  added  just  as  they  may  be  nece  iry  to  sup- 
ply the  local  demand  for  merchant  iron.  Of  late  they  have  iieen  making 
some  bolt  rod,  on  Hi>ecial  orders,  which  is  f^r  su{>erior  in  strei  „-th  and  gen- 


I  and  tbriviiis 
yei-s  woulil 

region  of  the 
lei-e  are  many 
ve  within  her 
the  part  of  iti) 
we  cannot  go 
I)  have  never 
rpriseHand  in- 
brief  notiw 
which  we  copy 


3MPANY, 

iipany  embrac- 
un  the  bay  of 
muruliant  bar 
icK  cuiineciion 
u-Umt  five  hun- 
goo.l  depth  of 

■i{)'>g  condition 
ooU,  factory,  as 
erchant  bar  on 

7,000  has  been 
if  the  company 
rnace  first  con- 
lilive  Htyle,  but 
L'layer  liot  blant 
ly  in  use.  Tlie 
K)  that  one,  two 
t  nta);e  of  ihia 
boiler  capaci- 
I  tirHt  ciaxii.  ill 
if  entirely,  and 
I  style,  and  tiret 
weeks,  werag- 
is  foundry  iron 
imiHex  hereafter 
the  furnace  hai* 
ge  of  Mr.  John 
untry. 


daynago,  Aug. 
day,  with  eight 
turn,  the  'boys' 
put  ir  up  to  its 
on  double  turn 
i  doubled,  and 

at  ^  c.en  of  iron, 
ce.-  .iry  to  8up- 
e  been  making 
eii^-th  and  geo- 


APPEKDIX, 


III 


eral  quality  to  iron  which  ifl  imaally  put  upon  the  market  for  this  purpose. 
It  in  not  intended  to  make  merchant  bar  and  hold  it  in  stock,  but  all  deal- 
ers and  consumers  in  this  region  can  be  supplied  by  this  mill  with  any 
grade  or  size  of  merchant  iron  which  they  may  have  use  for. 

The,  mill  is  to  be  known  as  the  Marquette  Rolling  Mill.  It  is  in 
charge  of  Thos.  Jewell,  Esq.,  late  of  the  Wyandotte  mills,  who  is  a  gentle- 
man of  large  and  thorough  experience. 

A  portion  of  the  property  belonging  to  this  company  is  the  Rolling 
Mill  hematite  mine,  on  the  Negaunee  hematite  range,  which  haa  always 
been  acknowledged  to  be  one  of  the  finest  hematite  minefl  in  this  district, 
James  Bale,  Superintendent,  The  dock  and  grounds  are  under  the  suiter- 
vision  of  Geo.  L.  Beecher.  Mr.  Beecher  baa  the  authority  of  the  compa- 
ny to  put  the  premises  in  complete  order,  and  the  plan  embraces  a  fence 
in  the  water  front  as  well  as  one  to  separate  the  iron  works  from  the  high- 
way, and  to  erect  such  buildings  and  make  such  external  improvementa 
as  will  put  the  plant  in  complete  order,  and  make  it  express  by  its  appear- 
ance just  what  the  owners  desire,  thrift,  order,  system  and  prosperity.  The 
stockholders  have  selected  \V.  L.  Weimore.  Esq.,  President,  Peter  White, 
Esq.,  Secretary,  and  Wm.  W.  Wheaton — late  of  Detroit — Treasurer  and 
General  Agent,  with  Chas.  Jenkins  an  Assistant  Agent.  Mr.  Wheaton 
enterx  upon  his  work  with  a  zeal  and  energy  which  foretells  success,  and 
there  is  the  best  of  reaisons  for  believing  that  the  old  Marquette  and  Pac- 
ific "Iron  Works — now  the  Beecher  Furnace  and  the  Marquette  Rolling 
Mill — ha»  entered  upon  a  career,  with  nearly  one  hundred  men  employed, 
which  will,  before  the  expiration  of  twelve  months,  give  work  to  three  or 
four  hundred  men.  _, 

Nest  in  order  comes  the' very  extvnsive  foundry  and  machir .,  ►■iiops  of 
D.  H.  Merritt,  F-eq. 

These  alwpn  occupy  a  large  area  of  river  front,  and  are  well  supplied 
with  ail  the  modern  and  improved  machinery  necessary  to  carry  on  a  busi- 
ness of  this  kind  in  all  its  extensive  details.  Boilers  of  any  capacity,  en- 
gines of  any  power,  and  machinery  of  any  description,  can  be  turned  out 
of  these  extensive  shops,  equal  in  workmanship  and  design  to  anything 
that  can, be  procured  in  other  cities. 

These  •^orks  have  grown  up  step  by  step,  and  are  a  standing  monu- 
ment of  that  zeal,  enterprise  and  liberality  which  characterize  the  citizens 
of  Marquette. 

in  this  connection  the  establishment  of  Jas.  Picands  &  Co.,  wholesale 
dealers  in  heavy  hardware,  etc  ,  may  be  mentioned,  as  a  proof  of  the  de- 
mands and  needs  of  this  rapidly  increasing  country. 

To  such  an  extent  has  the  growth  and  wants  of  this  region  been 
brought,  that  it  was  deemed  necessary  by  Messrs.  Picands  <£•  Co.  to  establish 
a  large  branch  house  in  Ishpeming,  although  a  glance  at  the  variety  and 
completeness  of  the  stock  at  Marquett*  wouIJ  jieem  to  convince  any  one 
that  the  "lemand  must  indeed  be  enormous  to  equal  the  supply  alrew^y 
on  hand  in  their  extensive  warehouses. 

The  prosperity  and  high  commercial  standing  of  this  house  is  only 
one  of  the  niAny  instances  whtre  success  has  attended  the  honorable  effbrta 
of  competent  and  liberal  business  men  commencing  and  growing  up  with  a 
new  country.  Marquette  is  peculiarly  favored  with  thii>  class  of  citizens. 
We  could  make  a  book  filled  with  the  lives  of  men  who  have  gone  to  Mar- 
quette poor,  and  in  a  few  years  have  passed  through  an  honorable  and 
enterprising  career  to  immense  wealth.  In  fact  we  had  a  desire  to  publish 
in  this  work  the  business  career  of  a  few  of  Marquette's  prominent  citizens, 
but  their  well  known  modesty  and  natural  delicacy'of  feeling  in  regard  to 
being  "  put  in  print,"  or  made  conspicuous,  forbade  us  in  indulging  in  any 
remarks  where  only  deserved  eulogium  might  appear  to  them,  like  com- 
pliments bordering  on  dattery. 


.1 


i 


<M  '":» 


liiiifiiiiiiiiiWiii 


...^ 


h 


i 


IV 


APPENDIX. 


Manjuetle  has  ita  car-Hhop«  and  round-houseti  for  the  useo  of  the  Mar- 
quette, lluughton  and  Ontonagon  R.  K.,  very  i  >inplete,  well  munt^'ed  and 
giving  employmeni  to  a  large  number  of  iukii.  There  in  quite  a  large 
Hash,  blind  and  door  factory,  supplied  with  lumber  from  several  saw  mills 
advantageously  located  throughout  the  county.  Also,  several  prominent 
building  Arms,  and  we  believe  a  large  company  for  that  pur|>ose  is  now 
being  organized,  with  Mr.  Alfred  Green,  a  well-known  and  competent 
architect  and  builder  of  Marquette,  as  President,  or  general  manager.  In 
short,  all  the  trades  may  be  said  to  be  represented  here  by  com|>eteiit  and 
skilled  workmen,  it  being  a  notorious  fact  that  whatever  a  Marquette 
man  or  woman  wants,  that  want  must  be  supplied  with  the  best. 

There  are  two  banks  located  here,  the  1st  National,  with  a  capital  of 
40U,000  dollars,  and  the  Citizen's  bank,  with  a  capital  of  $200,000,  The 
First  National  has  just  completed  k  magnificent  building,  (of  Lake  Su- 
perior stone),  which  not  only  affords  large  accommodation  for  office  and 
store  room,  but  is  an  ornament  to  the  city. 

Both  of  these  banks  do  a  large,  safe  and  profitable  bu.iiness,  and  eniov, 
to  the  greatest  extent,  the  conlidence  of  their  de(>osUors  and  the  public 
generally.  One  feature  of  this  section  of  the  country  may  be  mentioned 
here  ;  we  mean  what  are  called  "genera l^stores."  One  of  thsse  stores,  Pen- 
dell  &  Beatty,  deal  in  almost  everything  consumable,  and  employ  about 
fifty  clerks. 

Watson  <&  Sons,  variety  store,  comes  under  the  same  head,  and  carries 
an  immense  stock  of  ditierent  kinds  of  goods  absolutely  bewildering  to 
enumerate.     The  business  done  by  these  firms  is  really  enormous. 

Another  one  of  the  features  of  Marquette,  extensively  patronized  by 
all  the  tourists  visiting  the  region,  is  the  store  or  museum  of  Mr.  T. 
Mead,  where  can  be  found  some  very  fine  mineral  specimens,  consisting  of 
silver,  copper  and  iron  ores,  crystals,  agates,  etc.,  etc.,  etc.,  many  of  the 
products  of  Indian  industry,  in  the  way  of  birch  canoen,  bead  work,  etc 
Here,  also  c»n  be  found  the  papers  and  magazines  published  throughout 
the  country.  Mead's,  especiaJly  in  the  summer  season .  is  the  great  resort 
and  he!id  quarters  for  strangers  seeking  the  amusing,  useful,  and  fiarvel- 
lous  in  and  around  Lake  Superior. 

Marquette  is  rather  famous  for  ita  handsome  and  intelligent  women, 
and  there  are  very  few  cities  outside  of  New  York  where  the  ladies  disp'ay 
better  taste  in  dress  and  general  make  up  than  hcr>  It  rcKiuires  some 
judgment  and  capital  to  cater  to  the  fastidious  wants  oi  hese  belles,  but  a 
visit  to  the  large  dry  goods  house  of  Wetmore  &  Co.  would  satisfy  any 
one  that  they  need  not  go  out  of  Marquette  to  be  suited  in  anything  in 
this  line,  from  the  moot  expensive  laces  and  dress  goods  to  the  cheapest  of 
every  day  wear. 

As  the  city  grows,  different  lines  of  buxiness  become  exclusive,  &nd  as 
a  proof  of  the  growth  of  Marquette  we  have  been  somewhat  particular  in 
calling  attention  to  the  ditierent  business  houses  of  Marquette.  The  house 
of  H.  M.  C.  Karl,  with  a  branch  at  Ishpeming,  for  the  exclusive  sale  of 
Boots  and  shoes  being  among  the  most  prominent. 

The  grocers  carry  as  fine  and  well  assorted  a  stock  in  their  lines  as  can 
be  found  in  any  large  city  ;  Earl  &  (Jo.  doing  the  leading  business,  while 
the  jewelry  Luniness  as  represented  by  Mr.  Conklin,  cannot  be  exceeded 
for  same  amount  of  capital  invested,  in  any  city  in  the  Union. 

One  of  the  most  complete  drug  stores,  including  a  fine  laboratory  and 
manufacturing  department  it  has  ever  been  our  good  fortune  to  visit, 
is  located  in  Manjuette.  The  business  done  by  this  hou."»,  taking  into 
consideration  the  size  of  Marquette,  is  something  wonderful,  and  is  only 
another  proof  of  my  before  as.'ierted  fact,  regarding  the  enterprise  and 
business  tact  prevalent  in  Marquette,  to  whose  citizens  it  would  be  un- 
necessary to  mention  the  name  of  H.  H.  IStaiTord,  as  proprietor  of  the 


of  the  Mtu"- 
luuiit^'ed  ar.d 
(|iiile  a  large 
al  8aw  niillH 
I  pruiiiinent 
r|K)«e  is  now 
1  competent 
ariager.  In 
ii|)eient  and 
a  Marquette 
beHt. 

1  a  capital  of 
;00,000,  The 
(of  Lake  Su- 
for  office  and 

enH,  and  enjov, 
d  the  public 
be  mentioned 
le  stores,  Pen- 
employ  about 

id,  and  carries 
ewildering  to 
noiiR. 

patronized  by 
m  of  Mr.  T. 
I,  consisting  of 
:.,  many  of  the 
ead  work,  etc 
ed-  throughout 
he  great  resort 
1,  and  fiarvel- 

ligent  women, 
ladies  display 
requires  some 
e  belles,  but  a 
lid  satisfy  any 
in  anything  in 
he  cheapest  of 

elusive,  &nd  as 
;  particular  in 
f.  The  house 
elusive  sale  of 

:ir  lines  as  can 
Misiness,  while 
t  be  exceeded 
on. 

laboratory  and 
rtune  to  visit, 
i.'O,  taking  into 
jl,  and  is  only 
interprise  and 
would  be  un- 
iprietor  of  the 


"-  '.VUjriU!^ 


APPENDIX. 


above  store,  he  being  so  universally  popular  <tnd  well  known  that  we  are 
at  a  loss  to  say  whether  there  is  another  dr'ig  store  in  the  city  or  not. 

There  are  several  well  stocked  and  prosperous  retail  hardware  and 
house  'urnishing  stores,  represented  at  one  end  of  the  town,  by  Messrs 
Scovilie  &  Johnson,  and  at  the  other  end  by  Mr.  B.  Neidhart.  These 
houses  do  a  large  and  prosperous  business,  and  enjoy  the  contidentte  and 
esteem  of  their  fellow-townsmun  and  customers.  Several  tine  clothing 
houses,  and  an  extensive  furniture  tirm,  known  an  Wyckofl'  iSt  Mahon,  two 
very  extensive  and  largely  stocked  livery  stables,  comuiand  a  large  thare 
of  the  public  patronage.  One  of  the  most  elegantly  arranged  photograph 
galleries  in  the  West,  presided  over  by  Mr.  B.  F.  Childx,  is  located  here, 
and  during  the  summer  months  is  crowded  with  tourists  inspecting  and 
purchasing  stereoscopic  views  of  Lake  Superior's  magnificent  scenery. 

The  hotels  here  (and  Marquette  needs  more)  are  well  kept,  reasona- 
ble in  their  charges,  and  aflbrd  accommodations  that  will  compare  favora- 
bly with  any  hotel   in  the  country. 

A  business,  profession  or  calling,  as  the  case  may  l>e,peculiar  to  this 
region,  in  that  of  the  iron  expert.  These  gentlemen  must  necessarily  pos- 
sess qualifications  of  a  rare  nature.  They  are  called  upon  to  m»ke  ex- 
ploration:*,  assay  ores  and  report  upon  their  qualities,  examine  titles,  pay 
taxes,  make  collections,  etc.  There  are  several  firms  of  this  kind  in 
Manpiette,  whose  advertisements  appear  in  the  front  part  of  this  work, 
and  to  whom  we  can  refer  as  worthy  of  all  and  every  confidence  that 
may  be  reposed  in  them. 

Enright  &  Spencer  represent  the  harness  business  in  Marquette,  and 
supply  large  demands  on  tfieir  stock  from  all  over  the  Lake  Superior  re- 
gion. 

It  is  from  this  port  that  the  celebrated  varieties  of  brown,  mottled 
and  clouded  sandstone,  which  for  beauty,  durability  and  adap'ability  to 
general  building  and  ornamental  purposes  is  unequalled  by  any  other 
stone.  See  advertisement  on  pages  27  and  119.  While  the  slate  from 
the  Quarry,  represented  by  W.  L.  Wetmore  as  President,  is  of  a  quality 
and  fineness  absolutely  equal,  if  not  superior,  to  any  other  siate  in  the 
market. 

We  must  not  forget  to  mention  the  Mining  Joubnal,  to  whom  we 
are  under  too  many  obligations  to  pass  lightly  over. 

Perhaps  there  has  been  ro  one  cause  more  than  another  which 
has  tended  to  enhance  the  interest  in  mines  and  mining  affairs  as  much  as 
this  great  mining  organ  of  the  Northwest.  Too  much  praise  cannot  be 
bestowed  upon  this  .Journal,  for  the  enterprise,  ability,  and  business  man- 
agement exhibited  by  its  proprietors.  Their  corjw  of  editors  and  attaches 
I."  large,  wmplete  and  very  competent.  Their  outfit  in  presses  and  type  is 
of  the  most  improved  class  and  quite  extensive.  In  their  job  rooms  they 
tu  rn  out  as  good  work  as  is  ever  done  in  the  average  of  first  class  printing 
houses ;  and  lastly,  they  publish  a  12  page  Journal,  finely  printed  on  good 
paper,  ably  edited,  and  which  no  one  interested  in  anything  pertaining  to 
iron  or  minerals  should  be  a  day  without.  In  connection  with  the  office 
is  a  bindery  equal  in  itii  apimintments  to  any  emergency. 

We  have  dwelt  somewhat  on  the  business  interests  of  Marquette,  and 
although  we  know  that  we  have  not  done  it  full  justice,  yet  we  cannot 
but  wish  we  had  the  space,  ability  and  power  to  introduce  all  the  buninunA 
men  of  Marquette  to  the  notice  and  consideration  of  business  men  of  other 
cities. 

The  writer  of  these  lines  had  necessarily  much  and  frequent  inter- 
course with  the  (commercial  men  of  Marquette,  and  never  in  a  single  in- 
stance met  with  anything  except  the  utmost  courtesy,  forbearance,  patience 
and  liberality,  (for  it  is  not  always  pleasant  to  be  bored  for  subscriptions, 
advertisements,  and  general  information).    The  impressions  made  U|X)n  hia 


..-v^:; 


/>/  •"*  -., 


#    J 


t:: 


VI 


APPENDIX. 


W 


*?■ 


mind  are  of  the  plesRanteat,  and  we  Hay  to  any  one  Reeking  new  fieldn  for 
labor  if  you  are  looking  for  a  place  where,  by  your  induNtry  and  buRineM 
<|iialificationH,  you  dei*ire  to  add  to  your  own  utore,  and  the  pr.,«}>erity 
of  your  adopted  city,  go  to  Man|uette.  Any  man  of  thift  dew-iplion  will 
be  received  with  open  arniH,  and  he  will  lind  friends  at  every  turn.  To 
the  invalid  or  touriHt,  needing  a  few  weekn  recreation,  we  rei-oniniend 
them  liy  all  nieani)  to  rteek  the  pure  air  and  splendid  climate  in  and 
around  the  fair  city  of  Marquette. 

Sailing  over  the  broad,  clear  waterH  of  Lake  Huperior,  trolling  for 
the  large  30  (>ound  lake  tii*h,  beating  the  mountain  HtreamH  for  npeckled 
trout,  visiting  the  rolling  mill,  furnaceH,  niinen  and  other  objectii  of  intereHt 
will  nerve  to  paiw  away  Heveral  weekn  in  an  amiiHing  and  profitable  man- 
ner. The  hotelti  here  are  well  kept,  very  comfortable  and  ohargex  reai«m- 
ublc,  and  araongfit  other  attractive  featurcH  we  call  attention  to  the  follow- 
ing itketch,  from  the  Mining  Journal,  of  the  new  park  and  cemetery  : 

"The  people  of  Marquette  are  remarkably  well  favored  with  tlie 
grand  in  nature — in  the  IuIIh  and  valleyR,  the  swift-flowing  river  and  the 
rivulet,  the  expanRU  of  lake  and  Rtretch  of  nhore  line,  the  riHing  jilain  und 
unnumbered  tintM  of  foliage,  by  which  the  city  Ih  Rurrounded.  It  would 
l>«  difficult  to  Rclect  a  point  which  o\Z  h  a  greater  divertiity  of  Rtriking  und 
beautiful  Rcenery,  in  the  midi".  /  a  moving  commerce  which  ifl  averting 
itoelf  as  the  mist  jKiwerful  ',<>  the  world.  A  finer  picture  never  covered 
the  canva.<w  of  an  artist  than  is  presented  by  Marquette  from  the  center  of 
the  bav,  with  the  docks,  and  ships  and  steamers  in  the  foreground,  bust- 
ling with  life,  and  the  city  dropping  from  the  highland  to  the  right  and 
left  on  l)o(h  sidefl  of  the  bay,  with  a  horizon  of  hills  to  the  extreme  right 
and  left  and  in  the  back  ground.  As  a  vessel  advances  toward  this  scene 
an  irresistible  emotion,  inltuenced  by  beauty,  creejwover  the  soul  of  the  be- 
holder, and  OR  (he  heart  dilates  with  quickened  pulsation  he  feels  that 
words  are  Ufleless — the  vision  i.s  suflicient. 

"Upon  disembarking  and  passing  through  the  busy  streets  and  moving 
up  the  broad  avenues,  the  ettect  of  the  irapreHsion  is  not  removed,  but 
rather  intensified  by  the  surroundings,  in  fine  residences  with  lawns  and 
foliage,  the  continuous  view  of  harbor  and  lake  below,  and  the  hills  which 
crown  the  highlands  back  of  the  dty.  But  we  are  l«  have  a  still  more  beau- 
tiful picture  to  look  upon  than  all  of  these.  Passing  up  Washington  ave- 
nue to  Seventh  street,  we  find  on  the  right  of  Washington  a  grove  of  pinea, 
dark,  tall  and  as  symmetrical  as  the  masts  of  ships,  covering  the  entire 
front  of  Washington  between  Seventh  and  Eighth  streets,  and  extending 
back  on  a  gradual  incline  to  the  depth  of  half  the  square,  and  then 
climbing  a  higher  but  not  an  abrupt  elevation,  they  intermingle  with  ma- 
ples, low  evergreens  and  beech,  when,  at  the  crown  of  the  hill,  the  di- 
versity of  the  foliage  is  almost  entrancing.  Here,  by  returning  the  exam- 
ination toward  Washington  street,  there  will  be  found  eight  acres  of  a« 
beautiful  park  grounds  as  could  be  deoired,  which,  when  completed  with 
lawns,  and  drives,  and'fountains,  and  the  undergrowth  of  vegetation  more 
completely  cut  out,  will  not  only  be  made  a  charming  landscape,  but  over 
and  through  which  the  life  and  bustle  of  the  city  can  lie  seen,  with  the  top- 
masts of  Uie  flhipping  in  the  harbor  and  Lake  Huperior  in  full  view  In 
the  distance. 

"At  this  point  the  we^itern  boundary  of  the  cemetery  has  been  eatab- 
liHhed,  and  the  monuments  and  improvements  show  a  very  complete  sys- 
tem already  adopted  for  carrying  out  the  plan  of  improving  and  beautify- 
ing thiji  de|)08itory  of  human  dust.  About  eight  acres  have  been  set  apart 
for  this  purpose,  which  nature  seems  to  have  especially  intended  to  be 
made  very  beantiful  by  the  Uast  assistance.  In  the  rear  and  forming  a 
part  of  the  cemetery  grounds — the  whole  comprising  some  sixteen  acres  in 
addition  to  the  front  park — are  prominent  elevations  and  depressions,  of 
such  character  as  to  be  conTerted  mto  as  beautiful  a  spot  as  one  can  desire 
to  see. 


i 


AI'l'ENDlX. 


VU 


fielilH  for 
nd  bufiinem 
e  pr.v<)})erily 
•■iption  Kill 

lurii.  To 
reconiiuend 
iiate  in  and 

trolling;  for 
Tor  K[)ecklcd 
In  of  interent 
lilHble  mati- 
rm*  reanon- 
I)  the  follow - 
iietery  : 

id  witli  the 
iver  and  the 
ig  plain  und 
il.  It  would 
Htriking  and 
IH  awerting 
ever  covered 
the  center  of 
{round,  bust- 
le right  and 
Ktrenie  right 
rd  thi«  Hcene 
lul  of  the  be- 
he  feeU  that 

I  and  moving 
■emoved,  but 
h  lawnH  and 
i  hillH  which 
il  more  beau- 
hington  ave- 
ove  of  pines, 
Ig  the  entire 
id  extending 
•e,  and  then 
g;le  with  ma- 
hill,  the  di- 
ng the  exam- 
l  acres  of  as 
lupleted  with 
elation  more 
ipe,  but  over 
with  the  top- 
full   view  In 

fl  been  e«tab- 
ximplete  sys- 
.nd  beautify- 
een  set  apart 
tended  to  be 
d  forming  a 
teen  acres  in 
pressions,  of 
[)e  can  desire 


''Near  the  center  is  a  largo  depression  of  from  five  toaizacrea,  with 
irregular  margins,  its  northern  extent  terminating  near  the  north  bounda- 
ry on  EiKlith  street.  This  depression  is  now  being  excavated  to  be  formed 
into  a  lake.  It  was  evidently  the  hiinie  of  a  colony  of  beavers,  centurieM 
ago.  A  small  stream  pasHes  through  it  and  a  beaver  dam  had  been  con- 
structed at  the  outlet,  and  now  in  trenching  to  drain  it  und  in  taking  out 
the  vegetable  accumulation  of  years,  timber  is  found  as  having  unmistaka- 
bly been  placed  there  by  the  work  of  beavers.  The  soil  is  brown,  a  coarse 
vegetable  fibrin,  from  three  to  four  feet  deep,  lying  on  a  pure  white  san<l 
bottom,  and  when  removed  and  the  depression  allowed  to  hll  with  water,  a 
silvery-bottomed  lake  of  a  depth  of  four  feet  will  cover  the  space.  The 
largest  area  of  water  will  be  located  directly  at  the  head  of  the  central 
drive  through  the  park  and  cemetery  from  Washington  street ;  and  to  the 
right,  OS  the  lake  is  approached,  extending  oil'  at  an  angle  of  forty  degree:) 
with  the  unproach,  is  a  mound  some  three  liundrci  feet  in  length,  its  crown 
and  the  side  looking  u(k>ii  the  lake,  covered  with  full  growth  trees,  witli  a 
wide  lawn  and  drive  lietween  the  mound  and  the  lake.  Fronting  the 
mound,  and  near  the  center  of  iti*  length,  there  has  been  left  in  the  lake 
within  a  few  feel  of  the  shore,  a  forniiition  'vhich  is  peculiarly  adapted  to 
a  small  island.  This  island  will  lie  ciillivated  in  shrubbery  and  a  small 
observatory  placed  uiion  il.  to  which  access  will  be  given  by  an  arched 
bridge  suthcienlly  high  to  allow  of  the  passage  of  boats  beneath  it. 

"From  this  iioini  looking  to  the  north,  and  about  six  hundred  feet  dis- 
tant, lying  parallel  with  the  east  shore  of  the  lake,  with  hut  a  narrow  chan- 
nel between,  there  lies  a  ntu'iitor-shaped  island,  with  a  huge  granite  rock 
rising  from  the  middle  Home  six  or  eight  feet  high,  and  twelve  feet  across 
the  top,  having  the  ap[iearaiice  of  a  turret.  In  the  crevices  of  this  rock 
moderate-8ized  maples  and  evergreens  have  taken  root,  and  it  is  susceptible 
of  being  oouverted  into  a  most  lieautiful  and  novel  object.  With  shrub- 
bery upon  the  deck  and  the  rock  dressed  to  conform  to  the  appearance  of 
a  turret,  covered  with  evergreens,  nothing  could  be  made  more  striking  or 
novel. 

"To  the  left  of  this  point  is  aiother  island,  sutliciently  large  to  he 
adapted  to  the  cultivation  of  evergreens  and  such  shrubbery  as  will  be 
best  adopted  lo  lieaulify  it. 

"A  series  of  archtd  bridges  will  extend  in  an  east  and  west  line,  con- 
necting the  evergreen  and  monitor  islands  with  the  shores  of  the  lake,  and 
the  amount  of  beauty  and  interest  which  may  be  added  lo  the  approaches, 
the  briJges  and  the  island  will  begoverneti  entirely  by  the  amount  of  labor 
and  taste  expended  upon  them.  The  situation  of  each,  and  their  relative 
position,  is  such  as  to  admit  of  any  amount  of  ornamentation,  and  the 
whole  CHii  be  made  h  reality,  far  more  attractive  than  most  pictures  so  far 
presented  of  any  park  or  garden  thrown  open  to  the  public  in  America. 

"The  interest  does  not  cease  here.  East  of  this  lake  are  several  acres 
of  wild  and  primitive  land,  with  hill  and  valley,  rock  and  forest,  which 
can  be  converted  by  the  mere  touch  of  the  engineer  into  pleasant  walks 
and  drives  without  disturbing  the  natural  beaiilv  of  the  location.  Near 
the  extreme  north-west  boundary  of  the  grounds  is  a  rocky  prominence 
which  commands  a  view  of  the  lake  in  the  cemetery,  the  cemetery  and  a 
large  portion  of  the  city  and  Lake  Superior.  This  seems  especial  I  v  in- 
tended lor  an  interesting  spot,  and  will  be  llie  most  attractive  feature  of  the 
entire  ground  on  account  of  its  prominence.  And  all  that  portion  of  the 
tract  north  and  east  of  the  lake  18  of  a  character  which  furnishet.  the  best 
plat  p<issible  for  adding,  at  little  expense,  to  the  most  interesting  natural 
scentry,  such  artificial  embellishments  as  will  make  it  attractive  beyond 
measure. 

"Gondolas  are  to  be  placed  upon  the  lake,  which  in  their  voyage  over 
its  entire  surface  will  pass  under  four  bridges,  around    three  islands,  enter 


II 


t   •'*! 


1 


^ 


TT,  ,.  .- 


I 


vm 


APPKNDIX. 


Mvnral  <-ov<!h,  and  paiw  in  front  of  the  lawn  on  the  iioiith  Hide,  which  voy- 
a^e  for  uharniinK  and  iH>ctical  l)eaiity  cannot  t>e  NiirpawuHl. 

"Thin  conipriiwM  the  Icadinx  featureH  of  the  park  and  cenieterv  of  Mar- 
quette, hill  docH  not  hy  any  nieanii  comprise  the  Jc'  /,  or  ituerent,  in  de- 
tail, which  can  be  found  in  the  combined  attractionn  of  the  plac-e.  We 
iMtlievv  theimintry  hoMoot  yet  ftirniahed  itHe<pial,  however  much  hait  been 
done  in  many  localitieH  by  the  occupation  of  hundreda  of  acreti  of  land  and 
the  iiHe  of  innumerable  auxiliaries  lor  adornment.  We  have  all  the  attrac- 
tiouH  of  hill,  valley,  lake,  forent,  nvulet,  fountain,  lawn,  evern^reeno,  nhrub- 
liery,  nK-k,  ravine,  hridgeM,  b.mlK  and  the  panorama  of  the  Murrounding 
country,  to  plenxe  the  eye  and  the  taate,  cr  to  ar^w'>r  the  call  of  Hcholarx  in 
veKetabie  or  geolof(ical  Kcience. 

"Several  hundre<iH  of  the  pine*  which  Htood  upon  the  WiiNbington 
street  face  of  the  park  have  been  cut  down — nmplex  are  to  l>e  Hulwtituted, 
and  a  hiwii  culti/ated  next  year.  KngineerH  are  now  ciignf^ed  m  Hurvey- 
iiiK  the  property  with  a  view  of  tixinx  upon  linen  tiy  which  it  fihull  be 
liiiidH('ape<i.  Two  or  three  acrcH  of  the  lake  have  been  excavate-!  and  the 
Moil  hoM  >>een  piled  with  lime  to  haxten  itH  decompottition,  for  the  purpone 
of  having  ii  ready  to  UHe  next  year  in  all  canefi  where  it  in  demanded  to 
atwiHt  vegetation.  The  avenueH  are  l>cing  graded  with  graniUj  woii  ;  and  a 
great  auiount  of  other  work  ii*  being  <lone  preliminary  to  the  compli-iion  of 
the  wnole. 

"It  may  be  thodght  that  we  are  over  enthuHiaHtic,  or  that  we  are  claim- 
ing too  much  for  our  little  pet  of  twenty-tive  acrex,  in  Maripiette  ,  but  having 
viniteil  the  leading  (mrkH  and  ceniclerieH  of  the  it)iu)try,  including  tlioHe  at 
Philadelphia,  New  York,  Brooklyn,  Roston,  ]ialtimore,  St.  Louin,  and 
other  important  localitiei«,  we  are  prepared  U>  Hay,  that  for  beauty  of  land- 
»oa|K',  pointH  of  enpecial  interewt  to  the  lovern  of  the  curioux,  novel  and 
beautiful,  we  believe  the  Manpiette  park  will  flurpiiiw  them  all. 

''The  plan  of  combining  the  two,  itHeeiux,  in  original  with  Marqnetle, 
and  the  iniluence  of  the  plan  must  reHult  in  their  muliial  advantage.  The 
premiHert  will  bepro  eriy  ]>oliced  and  the  park  will  l>e  protected,  while  the 
tombs  of  the  dead,  and  the  respect  due  thoHe  who  have  pniwed  away,  will 
inxtill  a  Hpirit  of  decorum,  and  an  a(>preciation  of  the  good  iind  the  beauti- 
ful into  all  who  enter  the  ground,  which  feeling  will  itervude  and  Hurround 
the  pla<'e  aw  with  a  charm  of  case,  and  repose,  and  acfmiration," 

The  Holly  works  improved  furnixh  an  ample  supply  of  pure,  fesh 
water  to  its  7,000  inh^tbitants,  while  extensive  gas  works  illuminate  the 
city  with  a  pure  aixl  brilliant  light. 

And  now,  in  bidding  adieu  to  Marquette,  and  its  hospiiable,  enterpris- 
ing and  liberal  citizens,  we  wish  them  all  the  success,  pronperity  and 
growth  which  they  most  iwsuredly  deserve,  and  wending  our  way  to  the 
de|>ot  of  the  Marquette,  Hought«>n  and  Ontonagon  railroad,  prepare  to  give 
our  readers  some  account  of  other  towns  in  the  interior,  ai  d  in  order  that 
thev  may  not  think  we  are  blindly  enthusiastic  in  all  that  concerns  this 
region,  weappeii<i  the  following  account  made  by  another  stranger  in  these 
parts,  Yusef,  the  very  able  correspondent  of  the  Detroit  Free  Prt»»,  who 
writes  : 

"That  the  Marquette,  Houghton  and  Ontonagon  Railroad  has  other 
means  of  income  besides  those  derived  from  carrying  ore  and  merchandise 
and  disjjosing  of  land  grants  is  evident.  The  passenger  destined  for  the 
iron  mines  will  find  a  throng  of  (>eople  at  the  station  in  Marquette  await- 
ing the  departure  of  the  train  for  the  mining  region.  Every  seat  in  the 
coiiches  will  be  found  filled,  many  persons  standing  in  the  aisles,  and  all 
available  space  in  the  baggage  car  occupied.  The  larger  number  of  the 
passengers — men  employed  in  the  mines  in  the  vicinity — have  been  down 
to  Marquette  on  matters  of  business ;  others  are  new  arrivals  jnst  going 
into  the  interior  in  search  of  jobs. 


wamm 


^ 


■■»^^; 


APPENDIX. 


I',  wliich  Tojf- 

elerr  of  Mar- 
iterwt,  in  de- 
pliice.  We 
iiicli  liim  been 
i-x  (if  land  and 
all  tlieattrac- 
irct'riK,  Hhnib- 
Hiirroiiiiding 
of  HcholarH  in 

'  Wn»hinjfton 
M)  HiilMtltiited, 
(t>(l  in  Hiirvey- 
li  it  rIiuII  b« 
vated  and  the 
•  the  |iiirp(me 
demanded  tu 
t)i  miil ;  and  a 
completion  of 

:  we  are  claim - 
te ,  l)iit  having 
iidin^  tliDxe  at 
it.  lM\m,  and 
>eaiit.v  of  land- 
UH,  novel  and 
all. 

itii  Marqnette, 
vantage.  The 
cled,  while  the 
led  away,  will 
ind  the  beauti- 
I  and  Hiirround 
m." 

of  pure,  f'eHh 
iliuininate  the 

ible,  enterpriH- 
>ronperity  and 
iir  way  to  the 
•repare  togive 
I  in  order  that 
concerns  thi» 
■anger  in  thene 
ee  Premi,  who 

)ad  iian  other 
I  merchandiKe 
'Htined  for  the 
rquette  await- 
•y  neat  in  the 
ainleH,  and  all 
number  of  the 
ive  been  down 
alf)  jnst  going 


A   BIJMV    AHPECT. 

"Among  the  rent  are  iiever.-il  Rwediah  anri  Oernian  minent,  who  are  oun- 
ducting  to  their  future  quartera  relativeH  anii  friendu,  fr««h  iininigrantfl, 
juMt  landed  from  the  lake  HteamerM.  There  are  contractont  and  btiildurx, 
very  buHy,  having  much  work  on  Uixnd  that  nee<li<  attention  and  rather 
drove  for  time,  and  life  insurance  i\.  ii  who  are  urging  the  infecurity  of  life 
and  the  niu-owiity  of  making  provixion  for  the  fuMire  on  ni<t  unwilling  ear*. 
Age  tH  and  managem  of  niinea  are  going  out  to  look  after  mattem,  and 
ownerx  of  develo|)ed  pm|>erty  and  pro)t|)«ctive  locationa  guiding  ittrangt-rx 
to  a  view  of  the  richnena  of  the  land. 

"  Iron  and  furnace  men  from  I'ennitylvania  and  other  Stalea  have  come 
to  latinfy  themxelveM  of  the  advaritagex  oHered  by  the  ut<e  of  variiiuM  orex, 
and  drurrmerx  for  mercantile  houiteM  with  (Hinderimx  wmple  cvxeM,  an.xiouH 
only  to  make  giH>il  Kalex.  Kailroad  men  and  vcHHel  captains  are  intent  on 
hurrying  up  HhipmentH,  and  Kiimmer  touriHtH  on  Hc^ting  the  Htrango  xightx 
of  a  mining  region.  Every  one  haH  xomething  to  talk  about,  and  the  Mow 
of  con  vernation  ia  Htrangely  in  contriiHt  to  the  usual  refwrvs  and  Hilence  of 
pamengerx  in  railroad  can*  in  other  l<H;ulilieH. 

,  TIIK   ROAD  TO   NEOAtlNEK. 

"  Laden  tlum  heavily,  the  train  UnU  up  the  ateep  grade  from  tlie  lake 
level  at  Marqiie'.'e  to  the  heigh(j<  of  the  iron  range,  Hiopping  at  three  or 
four  HtutiouM  at  which  bla»t  fiirna(«M  are  located,  Tnit  retaining  moHt  of  ita 
paasengers  until  at  a  diHtance  of  twelve  mileH  from  the  starting  {toint  Ne- 
gaunee  iH  reached.  ThiH  in  the  nite  of  the  tirHt  iron  mincH,  a  numl)er  of 
which  are  located  witliin  the  corporate  limitaof  the  city,  fsr  Negaunee 
in  an  incori)orated  city,  with  ir.tiinet's  activity  and  life  pertaining  to  that 
dignity.  In  1S70  itj«  population  wii-*  set  down  at  2,500;  at  preHcnt  it  has 
more  than  double  that  number, 

THE    KIRST    IMPRE88tON8. 

"  Probably  the  first  thing  that  will  arrent  the  attention  of  the  ntranger 
will  be  the  concotinie  of  people  on  the  ntation  platform  awaiting  the  arrival 
of  the  train.  Having  made  hin  way  through  the  crowd  he  will  next  won- 
der at  the  nieantng  of  the  large  luiniber  of  carbov«  of  vitriol  benide  the  rail- 
road track,  and  when  informed  that  nitric  acid  to  the  value  of  $7,000  ia 
every  month  con-  mimed  in  the  nitro-glycerine  factory,  a  mile  or  ho  from  the 
town,  will  begin  to  appreciate  the  labor  of  extracting  froui  rocky  fnterHticea 
the  precioua  iron  ore. 

AN   ACTIVE  PLACE. 

"  Then  if  he  careH  to  initpect  the  place  before  visiting  the  mines  he  will 
find  extensive  stores  in  all  the  lines  of  trade  and  all  apparently  doing  a 
profitable  business,  two  or  three  banks,  a  number  of  good  hotels  crowded 
with  guests,  churches,  schools  and  private  residences  of  neat  appearance, 
but  none  of  architectural  pretensions.  Negaunee  has  the  advantage  of 
two  railro?d  lines,  the  Chicago  and  Northwestern  and  the  Marquette, 
Houghton  and  Ontonagon. 

THE  MINES  AND  THE  0R& 

"  South  of  the  city  a  considerable  elevation,  styled  a  mountain,  rears 
itself.  The  original  growth  of  timber  has  been  cut  off,  and  the  operations 
of  the  miners  reveal  a  number  of  openings  in  the  rocky  side.  These  mines 
are  distinguished  as  belonging  to  the  Negaunee  hematite  range.  The  ore 
is  red  and  brown  color,  easily  mined,  and,  in  places,  so  friable  as  to  be 
readily  loosened  with  the  pick  and  removed  with  a  shovel.  The  hematite 
orei4,  though  valuable,  if  not  indispensable  to  mix  with  the  harder  quali- 
ties, are  of  the  lean  character — that  is,  averaging  in  a  given  weight  buv  44 
to  55  per  cent,  of  iron. 


ft 


-*■  .-I...... 


APPENDIX. 


'V^; 


OPENINO   A   MIHB. 

"  If  B  |>«nion  connecU  with  a  L»ke  Hin>erior  iron  mine  the  iile«  of  a 
miWterranoan  worliing  in  the  uroiind  U)  which  accewi  i«  had  by  means  of 
narrow  Hhafwof  iinaruin  deplTi  ami  conitUnt  glooiu  and  darknentj,  he  will 
be  i|iiiiu  diH«|i|KiinUHl  on  witnewing  tli«  reality.  Oi>er»tionii  in  mining  are 
iixually  l*giin  at  tlie  Hide  of  a  hill  or  mountain,  upon  which  explorationn 
and  teBl  piln  have  revealed  the  pre«ence  of  ore.  The  limber  ia  first  cut 
down  and  the  nurfate  noil  removed.  Then,  if  the  vein  Ib  immediately  at 
the  outidde  or  foot  of  the  hill  or  mountain,  an  in  HometimcH  the  cajie,  nothing 
remiiinH  to  be  done  but  U)  atUck  with  drill,  and  i)owder,  and  pick  and 
HJiovel,  loatl  it  into  carta  or  railroad  cam,  and  draw  it  away.  Vore  fre- 
<{iientiy  a  out  wide  enouph  f<ir  a  road  liaii  t()  lie  made  through  the  interven- 
ing rod;  until  the  vein  i»  reached,  whom;  counte  afterward  detcrininen  the 
direction  of  the  workingH.  In  other  placcK  the  outcrop  of  the  vein  on  the 
surface  Ik  followe<l  down,  often  of  Huch  width  and  depth  an  to  reaemble 
monHtrouR  craters. 

WIDK    MOUT'    ..       '  ITB. 

"  Iron  mining,  in  iihort,  in  conducle.  .Mich  on  the  same  principle*  » 
quarrying,  and  the  veiii'  vary  in  width  from  a  uiii-ow  pannage  in  whig), 
but  one  man  can  l<e  employed,  and  he  Hometimeri  unprolitably,  to  o|)eni,]gg 
HO  broad  and  cuvernouH  afi  to  contain  a  reginitinl.  In  ail  caiWH  the  I'onfjg,,. 
ration  of  the  vein  regulaten  the  iihape  of  the  mine,  biit|gcnerally  Hpea^Jng^ 
the  dimenaioaof  the  Hurface  o|)«ning  are  retained  to  the  very  l)Ottom  of  the 
cavity. 

CHAHACTKH18TIC8  OF  TUK   IRON   MINES. 

"  The  veini)  dip  at  tolerably  regular  angle;*  from  the  (>eriiendicular,  and 
when  tiiey  are  puntued  for  any  dinlance  the  hanging  wall  in  Mupported  by 
timl)erH,  iSomciimeH  an  iuland  or  "  liorHe"  of  rock  obtriideH  iiHelf  in  the 
very  midrtt  of  ii  vein.  Ju  hucIi  caHen,  if  very  large,  i».  is  Hutlered  to  remain 
and  the  windingH  of  the  valuable  nuneral  followed  around  it.  In  some 
mincH,  aH  the  Jacknon,  interposing  walls  of  rock  between  large  depoHiw  of 
ore  are  tunneled  through,  giving  ndmiwiion  to  railroad  coth,  into  which  the 
ore  Ih  Hhoveled  direct  from  iUt  original  bed. 

MODUS  OPERANDI. 

"At  the  firHt  opening  of  a  mine  horxea  and  carta  are  driven  into  the 
opening,  and  the  ore  removed  to  a  "  Htock  pile,"  which  in  a  vaHt  heap  con- 
tigiiouH  to  the  railroad  track,  or  carted  direct  and  dumped  through  MhuotH 
into  the  railroati  cnrH.  An  the  mine  progreHxeti  in  depth,  of  courHe  it  be- 
comes inconvenient,  if  not  im|M>s8ible  to  drive  into  its  abyss  horses  and 
carts,  as  however  great  the  superiicial  opening  the  impracticable  point  will 
ultimately  be  reached.  Wo  in  some  of  the  older  mines  are  used  inclined 
railway  tracks  and  cars,  in  other  tracks  well  nigh  perpendicular,  traversed 
by  cars  of  boiler-iron  denominated  "skips,"  and  ingeniously  devised  to 
dump  their  contentM  when  at  the  summit  without  jumping  from  the  track. 
Powerful  engines  are  used  for  hoi'^ting  in  such  mines,  and  for  pumping, 
though  in  the  summer  season,  but  little  water  tinds  its  way  into  the  bottom. 

AT  WORK  ON  THE   ROCKY   FACE. 

"  Into  these  broad  pits,  open  alike  to  the  sunlight  and  the  rain,  the 
hanly  miner  betakes  himself,  and  with  his  sledge  and  drill  attacks  tho 
glistening  face  of  the  ore-bearing  rock.  The  miners  proper  work  in  gangs 
of  three,  usually,  and  are  paid  by  the  foot  or  cubic  fathom.  Perching 
himself  where  directed  by  the  captain,  at  a  convenient  place,  upon  the  side 
or  the  bottom,  he  starts  his  drill,  :'.n  instrument  of  steel,  of  no  great  length, 
which  is  driven  into  rock  by  the  re(>eated  blows  of  his  stalwart  colleagues. 


\ 


XTUKmilK'SMKm^^imt. 


ittB 


d 


the  itle*  of  a 
by  means  of 
rkneM,  he  will 
n  mining  are 
ezploratiunH 
ilwr  ia  firnt  cut 
mmediately  at 
he  cane,  nothinu 
and  pick  and 
A' ore  fre- 
jh  the  interven- 
determineK  the 
the  vein  on  the 
an  to   retteuible 


iiini-  priniiiilea  8 
iiiwagc  in  whip), 
bly,  to  oiwningg 
iimM  llu'  contjjjy. 
lerally  H|>fuking, 
■ry  lottoni  of  the 


rpendicular,  and 
I  tH  Miipported  by 
JeH  iittelf  in  the 
itlt-red  to  r«;muin 
ind  it.     1m  Home 

large  depoHiin  of 
rH,  into  whicii  the 


3  driven  into  the 
a  va»t  heap  con- 
i  tliroiigh  MhuotH 
1,  of  course  it  be- 
abysH  horHes  and 
ticable  uoint  will 
ire  uiteu  inclined 
licular,  traversed 
JUHly  devised  to 
;  from  the  track, 
md  for  pumping, 
J  into  the  bottom. 


and  llie  rain,  the 
drill  attacks  tho 
;r  work  in  gangs 
Lhom.  Perching 
ice,  upon  the  side 
fno  great  length, 
ilwart  colleagues. 


•^^r- 


Ari'KNDIX. 


XI 


BLAMTINU. 

"  When  a  sufficient  number  of  hole*  of  the  proper  inclination  havt-  l>een 
drilled  to  give  a  '•  go<K)  throw,"  the  cAvilieH  are  charge<t  with  giant  |H)wder 
or  nitroglycerine,  and  a  warning  idgnal  given,  hearing  which  all  liarwU 
quit  work  and  seek  shelttr  until  the  blast  has  taken  place.  These  blawts 
are  usually  made  four  times  a  day— ai  ten  o  clock  and  at  one,  at  three 
and  at  siv.  When  the  blast  is  over,  the  other  workmen  Het  hlmut  removing 
the  ore,  and  also  the  other  ruck  which  may  happen  to  U-  disengngetl  with 
it.  Home  "  throws"  loosen  larger  quantiiies  of  ore  than  others,  as  some 
mines  are  more  favorably  *itnat«>d  or  easier  workefl  than  others.  New 
York  mine,  situated  at  Ish|>eniing,  has  a  vein  sixty-tive  or  seventy  feet  in 
width,  the  opening  being  54M)  feet  superlicial  in  lenuth,  and  down  at  the 
present  time  some  sixty  feet,  dipping  at  an  angle  of  atstut  3U  (ie^roos.  Ke- 
centlv,  at  a  single  blast,  1,075  pounds  of  giant  powder  lieing  used,  over 
4,0UU  tons  (8,U0U,IHX)  |HJunds)  of  ore  was  thrown  from  this  mine 

DIFrKREMCK   IN    VEINH. 

"  The  hematite  veins  are  easier  worke<l  than  the  specular  or  the  mag- 
r<etic.  At  Ncgaunee,  ui>on  some  of  the  same  locations  are  foinid  IxHh 
classes  of  ores.  It  may  Ite  said,  however,  that  the  hematite  mines  have  not 
l>een  so  energetically  worked  as  those  containing  ores  of  the  harder  varietiea. 

ExrKNHICM  UF   A    MINE. 

"A  considerable  ex()enditure  is  attuched  to  the  working  of  a  mine,  so 
that  if  valuable  ore  in  found  u|mmi  a  side  hill,  awaiting  the  pick  and  shovel 
of  the  miner,  he  cannot  att^'-lt  it  without  tirst  making  extensive  prepara- 
'.ions.  In  the  first  place  dwellings  for  workmen  have  to  be  erected,  which 
is  no  nlight  task  when  the  iiuniber  reaches,  as  it  dues  in  most  cases,  tifty  or 
more,  -^evt'ral  locations  liave  a  hundred.  Then  roads  are  to  be  cut,  and 
switches  and  side  tritcks  made,  platforms  and  spouts  for  loading  cars  built, 
and  repair  sho|>s  put  u().  in  ulaoes  remote,  stores  have  to  be  supplied, 
and  giHuls  of  all  descriptions  kept  for  the  use  of  the  lalxirers  and  their 
families.  It  frequently  happens  that  months  are  consumed  in  this  prelim- 
inary labor. 

TIIK   miner's   homes. 

"  riif  dwellings  of  the  workmen  are  either  frame  or  !6g  houses.  If  the 
former,  xoiiietinies  painte<l,  but  in  all  cases  made  exceedingly  comfortable. 
There  Is  a  certain  sameness  in  the  structures,  and  the  stranger  notes  the 
alMciHte  of  fences  and  inclosures,  and  the  lack  of  gardens  that  he  is  accus- 
loinc<i  to  see  attached  to  dwellings  of  like  character  "  below.''  Most  mines 
have  school-houses  and  teachers  u|K)n  their  locations,  though  not  all  of 
them  are  thus  provided.  In  such  cases  of  course  the  reason  is  the  neglect 
of  the  parents  themselves,  who  are  quite  as  well  satisHed  to  have  their 
boys  earn  wages  as  to  lay  up  a  store  of  "  book  learning." 

DOCTOK8  AND   LAWYERS. 

"A  physician  is  an  indispensable  attache  of  every  mine,  hisservices  be- 
ing paid  for  by  retaining  from  each  single  employe's  wages  seventy-five 
cents  monthly,  and  from  each  married  one  $1.'26.  Mining  accidenta,  how- 
ever, a-e  not  so  numerous  as  one  might  natural  I  v  sujipose.  Preacliers  are 
not  BO  common,  but  occasionally  one  deems  it  his  duty  to  visit  the  mining 
locations  and  attend  to  their  spiritual  wants.  There  are  lawyers,  too,  but 
few  of  them  thrive  in  this  r^ion.  Each  mine  is  contiguous  to  the  rail- 
road, and  thus  noramunication  is  made  easy;  moreover,  at  each  is  a  post- 
ofi'ce  and  a  telegraph  station.  As  for  justices  of  the  peace  and  constables, 
a  distribu  ion  of  the  offices  is  made  at  each  election— two  or  three,  or  more 
mines  comprising  a  township,  and  law  and  order  reigns  as  well  as  iii  any 
other  well  regulate<l  community."  ' 

We'must  beg  to  differ  from  "  Usef "  in  regard  to  the  hotels   in    which 


(I 


'0^-i^% 


i 


I 


«■» 


